Acol is a bridge bidding system. It is named after a road in Hampstead, London, where there was a bridge club in which the system started to evolve in the 1930s. It was popularised in Britain by Iain Macleod in his book "Bridge is an Easy Game", published in 1952. The Acol system is continually evolving but the underlying principle is to keep the bidding as natural as possible. It is common in the British Commonwealth but rarely played in America. Contract bridge, usually known simply as bridge, is a trick-taking card game of skill for four players, usually sitting around a table, who form two partnerships, or sides. The partners on each side sit opposite one another. ... Hampstead is a place in the London Borough of Camden and is close to Hampstead Heath. ... London is the capital city of the United Kingdom and of England and is the most populous city in the European Union. ... This article or section is missing references or citation of sources. ... The Right Honourable Iain Macleod, PC (1913 – 1970) was a UK Conservative politician. ... 1952 (MCMLII) was a Leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Bidding system structure

• Acol is a natural system: most opening bids, responses and rebids are made with at least 4 cards in the suit bid, whilst most no trump bids are made with balanced hands.
• It is a four-card major system: only four card suits are required to open 1S or 1H, unlike Standard American and many other systems where five card suits are required.
• It is an "approach forcing system": whether or not a bid is forcing, i.e. systemically requires a response, depends on the previous bidding (approach). This is in contrast to "level forcing systems", such as 2-over-1, where the level of the bid determines whether or not it is forcing.
• Acol makes extensive use of limit bids: limit bids describe the hand so closely, in terms of high card points (HCP) and shape, that the one who makes the limit bid is expected to pass on the next round, unless partner makes a forcing bid.
• Understanding and correct use of limit bids and forcing bids is fundamental to aplying the system: all no trump bids below the level of 4NT are limit bids as are all suit bids which merely repeat a suit already bid by the partnership; changes of suit may be forcing or not depending on the approach bids.
• The level of the 1 NT opening bid influences other bids: the normal choice is between a "weak no trump" (12-14 HCP) and a "strong no trump (15-17 HCP)

Standard American is a common bidding system for the game of bridge in the United States, and is now the most widely used method of bidding at Bridge in the world. ... 2/1 game forcing (two-over-one game-forcing) is a style of bidding in contract bridge, and is the standard style of bidding for American duplicate bridge, having surpassed Standard American. ... High-card point count is a method of hand evaluation in the game of contract bridge. ...

Acol Variants

Acol is an unregulated system. There is no Acol governing body and no single publication containing the "official" Acol (unlike, for example, Standard American Yellow Card). It can be compared to a living language since it is liable to change at the whim of users. It could even be called a Wiki system. The main versions of Acol in use today are: Standard American is a common bidding system for the game of bridge in the United States, and is now the most widely used method of bidding at Bridge in the world. ... A living language is a language that is spoken as anyones native language. ... The word wiki is a shorter form of wiki wiki (weekie, weekie) which is from the native language of Hawaii (Hawaiian), where it is commonly used as an adjective to denote something quick or fast (Hawaiian dictionary). ...

• Acol: unregulated Acol, from the very simple to the highly complex, remains in common use throughout the UK. At any one time the version in most common use will be known as "Standard Acol" although this term will mean different things to different players and is becoming increasingly confused with Standard English Acol.
• Standard English Acol (originally called simply "Standard English"). Developed by Sandra Landy under the auspices of the English Bridge Union (EBU), this variant was designed to facilitate the learning of bridge and to provide standardised guidance to novices, intermediate players and their teachers. This variant uses the weak 1NT opening (12-14 points). Simple conventions such as Stayman, Blackwood and Transfers are included at various stages in the learning process. It has been widely promulgated by the EBU and by EBUTA in particular, but the exact form is used mainly by those who have learned their bridge recently and those who taught them.
• Benjaminised (Benji) Acol: recognising that strong 2 opening bids are rarely used, the 2H and 2S openings are used to show weak hands containg long suits (under 10 HCP and a 6 card suit). Very strong hands (8 playing tricks) are shown by an opening bid of 2C which forces a 2D response allowing suits to be shown. The strongest hands (eg 23+ points or a game force hand) are shown by an opening bid of 2D.
• Reverse Benji: identical to Benji except that the 2C and 2D bids are switched in meaning. A 2C opening bid is now the strongest bid as in basic Acol.

English Bridge Union (EBU) is the governing body for duplicate contract bridge throughout England. ... High-card point count is a method of hand evaluation in the game of contract bridge. ... In contract bridge, the Stayman convention is a convention used to find a four-four trump fit in a major suit after someone opens the bidding with a bid of 1 No Trump. ... The Blackwood convention is a bidding convention in contract bridge that was developed by Easley Blackwood. ... This article has been merged into Template:Jacoby transfer In contract bridge the convention of Jacoby transfers is used to describe various types of hands after partner opened 1 No Trump, complementary to the Stayman 2-Club response. ... The European Broadcasting Union (EBU), known in French as LUnion Européenne de Radio-Télévision (UER), and unrelated to the European Union, was formed February 12, 1950 by 23 broadcasting organizations from Europe and the Mediterranean at a conference in the coastal resort of Torquay in Devon... EBUTA is an acronym for English Bridge Union Teachers Association. ... High-card point count is a method of hand evaluation in the game of contract bridge. ... In contract bridge, various bidding systems have been devised to enable partners to describe their hands to each other so that they may reach the optimum contract. ... High-card point count is a method of hand evaluation in the game of contract bridge. ...

Standard Acol

The following is a brief summary of the Standard Acol of the early/mid 2000's.

Opening bids

Opening bids promise at least 12 high card points (HCP), or the equivalent in HCP and shape. Apart from NT, opening bids guarantee the ability to make a rebid over any forcing response from partner. High-card point count is a method of hand evaluation in the game of contract bridge. ...

• 1 of a suit - promises at least four cards in the suit bid. Not forcing.
• 1 NT - balanced hand (4-3-3-3, 4-4-3-2 or 5-3-3-2). Subject to partnership agreement, it may be either 12-14 HCP (weak), 15-17 or 16-18 HCP (strong) or vary between weak and strong according to vulnerability (variable). Limit bid.
• 2C - conventional game forcing bid, promising game-going values (normally 23+ HCP) and at least 5 quick tricks. Game forcing unless opener rebids 2NT.
• 2 of any other suit - shows a strong hand with at least eight playing tricks. Forcing for one round.
• 2NT - balanced hand, 20-22 HCP. Limit bid.
• 3 of a suit - preemptive, normally seven or more cards in the suit bid (may be six at favourable vulnerability), weak hand (not more than 10 HCP). Not forcing.
• 3NT - to play. Normally opener has a long solid minor suit. (Gambling 3NT)

In contract bridge, various bidding systems have been devised to enable partners to describe their hands to each other so that they may reach the optimum contract. ...

Responses to 1 of a suit

• pass - less than 6 HCP
• 2 of opener's suit - at least four card support, 6-9 HCP. Limit bid.
• 3 of opener's suit - at least four card support, 10-12 HCP. Invites game if opener has requisite strength (14 HCP or more). Limit bid.
• 4 of opener's suit - at least four card support, to play.
• 1 NT - 6-9 HCP, denies ability to bid at 2 level. Not necessarily balanced. Limit bid.
• 2 NT - balanced, 10-12 HCP. Limit bid.
• 3 NT - balanced, 12-15 HCP. Limit bid.
• 1 of a new suit - promises at least four cards in the suit bid, 6 HCP upwards. Forcing for one round.
• 2 of a new suit (below 2 of opener's suit) - normally 5 card suit, at least a good 8 or 9 HCP. Forcing for one round.
• Jump in a new suit - 5 card suit (or support for partner), at least 16 HCP, Game force.

Responses to 1 NT

• 2C - Stayman. Opener responds 2D with no four card major, 2H with a four card heart suit and 2S with four spades (denies four hearts). Forcing for one round.
• 2 of any other suit - to play. Opener must pass.
• 3 of a suit - shows a five card suit, forcing for one round.
• 2NT - 11-12 HCP. invites game if opener is maximum (i.e. for a weak opening NT, if opener has more than a good 13 HCP).
• 3NT - to play.
• 4C - asks for aces. (Gerber)
• 4H, 4S - to play.
• 4NT - Slam invitation to 6NT. Opener bids 6NT with a maximum.
• 5NT - Slam invitation to 6NT. Opener bids 6NT unless a minimum. (Some play as invitation to 7NT; opener bids 6NT if minimum, 7NT with a maximum).

Responses to 2 NT

• 3C - Baron. Opener bids his lowest four card suit. Forcing. (Stayman may also be used as in responses to 1NT, i.e. 3D shows no 4 card major)
• 3 of other suit - shows a five card suit, forcing to game.
• Other responses as over 1NT.

Responses to 2 C

• 2D - negative. Responder lacks the strength for a positive response. Unless opener rebids 2NT (balanced, 23-24 HCP, which may be passed), the sequence is forcing to game.
• 2NT - fairly balanced, 8 or more HCP. Forcing to game.
• 2 of a suit - at least five in the suit, the equivalent of an ace and a king in high cards. Forcing to game.
• 3 of opener's suit - 5-8 HCP, at least 3 card support. Forcing to game.
• 3 of a suit - Solid suit of at least six cards. Forcing to game.

Responses to 2 of a suit

• 2NT - negative. Responder lacks the strength for a positive response.
• Simple bid of a new suit - 8 or more HCP, at least five in the suit. Forcing to game.
• 3 of opener's suit - 5-8 HCP, at least 3 card support. Forcing to game.
• 3NT - flat hand, 8-11 HCP. Not forcing.

Opener's suit rebid after one-level opening

• Rebid of own suit at lowest level - minimum hand, at least a five card suit, 12-15 HCP, non-forcing.
• Jump rebid of own suit - strong hand, normally at least 6 card suit, 15-19 HCP, non-forcing but highly invitational.
• Bid of new suit at lower level than first suit - minimum hand, 12-15 HCP, first suit has at least as many cards as second suit, non-forcing.
• Bid of new suit at higher level than first suit ("reverse") - strong hand, 16-19 HCP, first suit has more cards than second suit, forcing for one round.
• Jump in new suit at lower level than first suit - strong hand, 16-19 HCP, first suit has at least as many cards as second suit, forcing for one round.

Opener's NT rebid after one-level opening

(The following bids assume a weak NT opening)

After suit response at one level the traditional rebids are:

• 1NT - balanced, 15-16 HCP, limit bid
• 2NT - balanced, 17-18 HCP, limit bid
• 3NT - balanced, 19 HCP, limit bid

However, the modern approach modifies the ranges for the rebids thus:

• 1NT - balanced, 15-17 HCP, limit bid
• 2NT - balanced, 18-19 HCP, limit bid
• 3NT - Often an Acol two type of hand prepared to play in NT.

After a suit response at two level the traditional rebids are:

• 2NT - balanced, 15-17 HCP, limit bid
• 3NT - balanced, 18-19 HCP, limit bid

The modern approach is to use the 2NT rebid as forcing and use 3NT as 15-17 with support for the minor that responder has bid (one option).

After the 2NT (forcing) rebid, either bid naturally or use an enquiry (3c) to seek definition of the 2NT rebid.

Fourth suit forcing

A bid of the fourth suit at the 2 level by responder is a one round force, usually asking opener to bid no trumps with a stopper in the fourth suit. A fourth suit bid at the 3 level is similar, but forcing to game.

References

• Standard English Acol http://www.ebu.co.uk/education/standard_english/default.htm
• Landy and EBU Committee. Really Easy Bidding 1998 The English Bridge Union, Aylesbury, UK [ISBN 0 9506279 2 5]