Actinobacteria
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Actinobacteria Margulis Class: Actinobacteria
Subclasses
Acidimicrobidae Actinobacteridae Coriobacteridae Rubrobacteridae Sphaerobacteridae Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. ... Phyla Actinobacteria Aquificae Chlamydiae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Lentisphaerae Nitrospirae Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Verrucomicrobia Bacteria (singular: bacterium) are unicellular microorganisms. ... Lynn Margulis Dr. Lynn Margulis (born March 15, 1938) is a biologist and University Professor in the Department of Geosciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. ... Species Acidimicrobium is a genus of Actinobacteria, given its own subclass (Acidimicrobidae). ... Orders Actinomycetales Bifidobacteriales Actinobacteridae is a subclass of bacteria, in the class of Actinobacteria. ... Genera Atopobium Collinsella Coriobacterium Cryptobacterium Denitrobacterium Eggerthella Slackia Coriobacteriaceae are a family of Actinobacteria, given their own subclass (Coriobacteridae). ... Species Rubrobacter is a genus of Actinobacteria, given its own subclass (Rubrobacteridae). ... Species Sphaerobacter thermophilus Sphaerobacter is a genus of Actinobacteria, given its own subclass (Sphaerobacteridae). ...

The Actinobacteria or Actinomycetes are a group of Gram-positive bacteria. Most are found in the soil, and they include some of the most common soil life, playing an important role in decomposition of organic materials, such as cellulose and chitin. This replenishes the supply of nutrients in the soil and is an important part of humus formation. Other Actinobacteria inhabit plants and animals, including a few pathogens, such as Mycobacterium. Gram-positive bacteria are those that are stained dark blue or violet by gram staining, in contrast to gram-negative bacteria, which are not affected by the stain. ... Phyla/Divisions Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Omnibacteria Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular, bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ... Soil life is a collective term for all the organisms living within the soil. ... Cellulose as polymer of β-D-glucose Cellulose in 3D Cellulose (C6H10O5)n is a polysaccharide of beta-glucose. ... Structure of the chitin molecule, showing two of the N-Acetylglucosamine units that repeat to form long chains in beta-1,4 linkage. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... A pathogen or infectious agent is a biological agent that causes disease or illness to its host. ... Species See text. ...

Some Actinobacteria form braching filaments, which somewhat resemble the mycelia of the unrelated fungi, among which they were originally classified under the older name Actinomycetes. Most members are aerobic, but a few, such as Actinomyces israelii, can grow under anaerobic conditions. Unlike the Firmicutes, the other main group of Gram-positive bacteria, they have DNA with a high GC-content and some Actinomycetes species produce external spores. Mycelium is the vegetative part of a fungus consisting of a mass of branching threadlike hyphae that exists below the ground or within another substrate. ... Divisions Chytridiomycota Zygomycota Glomeromycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota Deuteromycota The Fungi (singular fungus) are a kingdom of eukaryotic organisms. ... Look up Aerobic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Classes Bacilli Clostridia Mollicutes The Firmicutes are a division of bacteria, most of which have Gram-positive cell wall structure. ... In genetics, the guanine-cytosine content (GC content) is the ratio of guanine and cytosine to the total number of nucleotides of a given genome. ... This article is about a biological reproductive structure; for the video game, see Spore (video game). ...

Representative genera include:

• Actinomyces
• Arthrobacter
• Corynebacterium
• Frankia
• Micrococcus
• Micromonospora
• Mycobacterium
• Nocardia
• Propionibacterium
• Streptomyces

Actinobacteria are unsurpassed in their ability to produce many compounds that have pharmaceutically useful properties. In 1940 Selman Waksman discovered that the soil bacteria he was studying made actinomycin, a discovery which granted him a Nobel Prize. Since then hundreds of naturally occurring antibiotics have been discovered in these terrestrial microorganisms, especially from the genus Streptomyces. Species A. naeslundii Actinomyces is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria. ... Species Arthrobacter is a genus of bacteria that is commonly found in soil. ... Species See text. ... Species Frankia alni Frankia is a genus of nitrogen fixing filamentous bacteria that live in symbiosis with actinorhizal plants, similar to Rhizobia. ... This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... Species see text Micromonospora is a genus of bacteria of the family Micromonosporaceae. ... Species See text. ... Nocardia is a partially acid-fast organism. ... Binomial name Propionibacterium acnes (Gilchrist 1900) Douglas & Gunter 1946 Propionibacterium acnes is a relatively slow growing, (typically) aerotolerant anaerobe gram positive bacterium that is linked to the skin condition acne; it can also cause chronic blepharitis and endophthalmitis, the latter particularly following intraocular surgery. ... Streptomyces is a genus of Actinobacteria. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Selman Abraham Waksman (22 July 1888 – 16 August 1973) was an Ukrainian-American biochemist and microbiologist whose research into organic substances—largely into organisms that live in soil—and their decomposition lead to the discovery of Streptomycin, and several other antibiotics. ... Phyla Actinobacteria Aquificae Chlamydiae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Lentisphaerae Nitrospirae Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Verrucomicrobia Bacteria (singular: bacterium) are unicellular microorganisms. ... Actinomycin is any of a class of polypeptide antibiotics isolated from soil bacteria of the genus Streptomyces. ... The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: ) are awards in Physics, Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physiology or Medicine and Economics. ... An antibiotic is a drug that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. ... A cluster of Escherichia coli bacteria magnified 10,000 times. ... Streptomyces is a genus of Actinobacteria. ...

References

• Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, and Ward-Rainey NL (1997). Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Domingus classis nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 47:479-491. Abstract

External links

• Effects of transgenic T4 lysozyme potato plants on micro-organisms in the soil – focusing on bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere

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Actinobacteria