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Encyclopedia > Active language


Linguistic typology
Morphological typology
Analytic language
Synthetic language
Fusional language
Agglutinative language
Polysynthetic language
Morphosyntactic alignment
Theta role
Syntactic pivot
Nominative_accusative language
Nominative_absolutive language
Ergative_absolutive language
Tripartite language
Time Manner Place
Place Manner Time
Subject Verb Object
Subject Object Verb
Verb Subject Object
Verb Object Subject
Object Subject Verb
Object Verb Subject
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A nominative-absolutive language is one that marks the subject of a transitive verb or a voluntary subject of an intransitive verb distinctly from the object of a transitive verb or an involuntary subject of an intransitive verb. If the language has morphological case, then the verb arguments are marked thus:

  • For an intransitive verb, a subject who intentionally performs the action is marked with the nominative case, while a subject experiencing an action they have no control over is marked with the absolutive case.
  • For a transitive verb, the subject is marked with the nominative case, and the object is marked with the absolutive case.

Languages lacking case inflections may indicate case with different word orders. For example, an absolutive argument might precede the verb, while the nominative argument might follow.


Other widely used terms for these kinds of systems are active language and agentive language. The grammatical relations can be called agentive case (corresponding to nominative above) and patientive case (absolutive).


  Results from FactBites:
 
Active Learning (966 words)
Active learning is a form of learning that directly engages the student in his or her learning process.
Active learning involves the application of knowledge during class activities, which provides students with opportunities to practice with newly learned material, but this is also a time consuming process.
Active learning is one strategy that can lead to effective learning for students and is therefore worthwhile for teachers to consider.
active language: Information From Answers.com (779 words)
An active language is one where the only argument of an intransitive verb (that is, the subject) is marked sometimes in the same way as the subject of a transitive verb, and some other times in the same way as the direct object of a transitive verb.
If the language has morphological case, then the arguments of a transitive verb are marked using the agentive case for the subject and the patientive case for the object, while the argument of an intransitive verb is marked as either one.
Active languages are a relatively new field of study; in other times active alignment was not recognized as such, and was mostly treated as an interesting deviation from the standard alternatives (nominative-accusative and ergative-absolutive).
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