]] selectivity, interference, nonlinearity or dispersion. However, it produces simple, tractable mathematical models which are useful for gaining insight into the underlying behavior of a system before these other phenomena are considered.

Wideband Gaussian noise comes from many natural sources, such as the thermal vibrations of atoms in antennas (referred to as thermal noise or Johnson-Nyquist noise), shot noise, black body radiation from the earth and other warm objects, and from celestial sources such as the sun. Johnson-Nyquist noise (sometimes thermal noise, Johnson noise or Nyquist noise) is the noise generated by the equilibrium fluctuations of the electric current inside an electrical conductor, which happens without any applied voltage, due to the random thermal motion of the charge carriers (the electrons). ... Johnson-Nyquist noise, thermal noise, Johnson noise, or Nyquist noise) is the noise generated by the equilibrium fluctuations of the electric current inside an electrical conductor, which happens regardless of any applied voltage, due to the random thermal motion of the charge carriers (the electrons). ... Shot noise is a type of noise that occurs when the finite number of particles that carry energy, such as electrons in an electronic circuit or photons in an optical device, gives rise to detectable statistical fluctuations in a measurement. ... As the temperature decreases, the peak of the black body radiation curve moves to lower intensities and longer wavelengths. ... The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. ...

The AWGN channel is a good model for many satellite and deep space communication links. It is not a good model for most terrestrial links because of multipath, terrain blocking, interference, etc. However for terrestrial path modeling, AWGN is commonly used to simulate background noise of the channel under study, in addition to multipath, terrain blocking, interference, ground clutter and self interference that modern radio systems encounter in terrestrial operation. An Earth observation satellite, ERS 2 For other uses, see Satellite (disambiguation). ...

In serial data communications, the AWGN mathematical model is used to model the timing error caused by random jitter (RJ). In telecommunication, jitter is an abrupt and unwanted variation of one or more signal characteristics, such as the interval between successive pulses, the amplitude of successive cycles, or the frequency or phase of successive cycles. ...

See also

• White noise
• ground bounce
• thermal noise/Johnson-Nyquist noise
• shot noise