The Vedic priesthood is the collective term for the priests of the Vedic religion. Known as purohita, the priests are divided into several types: Roman Catholic priest LCDR Allen R. Kuss (USN) aboard USS Enterprise A priest or priestess is a holy man or woman who takes an officiating role in worship of any religion, with the distinguishing characteristic of offering sacrifices. ... The term vedic religions collectively refers to Hinduism, since it is the only existent religion that is based on the Vedas. ...
The Hotar is the chief priest, presiding the sacrifice. He is associated with the Rigveda.
The Udgatar intones the hymns for the Hotar. He is associated with the Samaveda.
The Adhvaryu carries out the actual sacrifice. He is associated with the Yajurveda. In mythology, he is presented as a newcomer, probably corresponding to a historical secondary development. The rising importance of the Adhvaryu probably coincided with the codification of the Yajurveda, linguistically corresponding to the samhita prose phase of Vedic Sanskrit of roughly 1000 BC.
The Atharvan was a special kind of priest involved with Soma and fire rituals. The word is from Indo-Iranian *athar not attested in Sanskrit (c.f. Latinater "black"). Later, the Atharvaveda was associated with a legendary rishi called Atharvan.
The division of the Agnihotra among the Hotar, the Udgatar and the Adhvaryu is directly comparable to the Celtic priesthood as reported by Strabo, with the Druids as high priests, the Bards doing the chanting and the Vates performing the actual sacrifice. The Rig Veda ऋग्वेद (Sanskrit ṛc praise + veda knowledge) is the earliest of the four Hindu religious scriptures known as the Vedas. ... The Sama Veda (सामवेद), or Veda of Holy Songs, is third in the usual order of enumeration of the four Vedas, the ancient core Hindu scriptures. ... The Yajur Veda यजुर्वेद is one of the four Hindu Vedas; it contains religious texts focussing on liturgy and ritual. ... Vedic Sanskrit is the language of the Vedas, the earliest sacred texts of India. ... (Redirected from 1000 BC) Centuries: 12th century BC - 11th century BC - 10th century BC Decades: 1050s BC 1040s BC 1030s BC 1020s BC 1010s BC - 1000s BC - 990s BC 980s BC 970s BC 960s BC 950s BC Events and Trends 1006 BC - David becomes king of the ancient Israelites (traditional... Soma (Sanskrit) or Haoma (Avestan) (from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Sauma) is a ritual drink of importance in Vedic and early Iranian cultures. ... Indo-Iranian can refer to: The Indo-Iranian languages The prehistoric Indo-Iranian people, see Aryan This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Latin is the language originally spoken in the region around Rome called Latium. ... The Atharva Veda is a sacred text of Hinduism, part of the four books of the Vedas. ... In Hinduism, the Rishis are sages and/or seers who heard the hymns of the Devas; and then wrote them down as Vedic scriptures. ... The Agnihotra is a Hindu religious ritual, performed at dawn. ... A Celtic cross. ... Strabo (squinty) was a term employed by the Romans for anyone whose eyes were distorted or deformed. ... In the Celtic religion, the word Druid denotes the priestly class in ancient Celtic societies which existed through much of Western Europe north of the Alps and in the British Isles. ... See Bard (disambiguation). ... The earliest Latin writers used vates to denote prophets and soothsayers in general; the word fell into disuse in Latin until it was revived by Virgil [1]. Then Ovid could describe himself as the vates of Eros (Amores 3. ...
Adhvaryu and his associates have developed a simple, cost-effective method for enhancing the temperature stability of vegetable oil, while retaining its basic chemistry.
The breakdown of petroleum-based oil, on the other hand, produces carbon monoxide thought to contribute to global warming and unburned hydrocarbons, which are toxic to the environment and harmful to humans.
Atanu Adhvaryu, Ph.D., is an associate research scientist with the USDA's National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research in Peoria, Ill., and a research associate with the Department of Chemical Engineering at Penn State University in State College, Penn.
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