The Adil Shahi of Adilshahi were a dynasty of Indian sultans, who ruled the Sultanate of Bijapur from 1490 to 1686. The Adil Shahis were originally provincial rulers of the Bahmani Sultanate, but with the breakup of the Bahmani state after 1518, Ismail Adil Shah established an independent sultanate, one of the five Deccan sultanates that were the successors to the Bahmani Sultanate. A sultan (Arabic: سلطان) is an Islamic title, with several historical meanings. ... Bijapur is a district in the Indian state of Karnataka. ... Events Tirant Lo Blanc by Joanot Martorell, Martí Joan De Galba is published. ... Events The League of Augsburg is founded. ... The Bahmani Sultanate was a Muslim state of the Deccan in southern India. ... Events A plague of tropical fire ants devastates crops on Hispaniola. ... The Deccan sultanates were five Muslim-ruled kingdoms–-Bijapur, Golconda, Ahmednagar, Bidar, and Berar of south-central India. ...

The Bijapur sultanate was located in southwestern India, straddling the Western Ghats range of southern Maharashtra and northern Karnataka. Ismail Adil Shah and his successors embellished the capital at Bijapur with numerous monuments. Enlarge this map of South India to see details about Western Ghats Nelliampathi mountains, Kerala A view from Ponmudi The Western Ghats or Sahyadri mountains (as they are known in the state of Maharashtra) run along the western edge of Indias Deccan Plateau, and separate the plateau from a... Maharashtra (महाराष्ट्र in Devanagari) is Indias third largest state in terms of area and second largest in terms of population after Uttar Pradesh. ... Karnataka (ಕನಾ೯ಟಕ in Kannada) is one of the four southern states of India. ...

The Adil Shahis fought the Hindu empire of Vijayanagar, which lie to the south across the Tungabhadra River, and fought the other sultanates as well. The sultanates combined forces to deliver a decisive defeat to Vijayanagar in 1565, after which the empire broke up. Bijapur seized control of the Raichur Doab from Vijayanagar. In 1619 the Adil Shahis conquered the neighboring sultanate of Bidar, which was incorporated into their realm. In the 17th century, the Marathas, a Hindu clan based in the Western Ghats around Pune, revolted successfully against the Bijapur sultans. Bijapur was conquered by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in 1686, bringing the sultanate and the dynasty to an end. A Hindu (archaic Hindoo) is an adherent of philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, also known as Sanatan (सनातन) Dharma or Vedic Dharma. ... Vijayanagara (often written Vijayanagar), in northern Karnataka, is the name of the now ruined capital city of the historic Vijayanagar empire in the Southern part of India. ... The Tungabhadra is a river of southern India. ... Events March 1 - the city of Rio de Janeiro is founded April 27 - Cebu City is established becoming the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines. ... The Raichur Doab is the triangular region of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka states which lies between the Krishna River and its tributary the Tungabhadra, named for the town of Raichur. ... Events May 13 - Dutch statesman Johan van Oldenbarnevelt is executed in The Hague after having been accused of treason. ... Bidar is a city in Karnataka state, India. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... Shivaji and the Marathas The Marāthās is a collective term referring to a group of Hindu, Marathi-speaking castes of warriors and peasants, hailing mostly from the present-day state of Maharashtra, who created a substantial empire, covering a major part of India, in the 17th and 18th... Pune (पुणे in Marathi), formerly known as Punavadi and Poona (पूना in Hindi), is located in the western Indian state of Maharashtra. ... The Mughal Empire (alternative spelling Mogul, which is the origin of the word Mogul) of India was founded by Babur in 1526, when he defeated Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the Delhi Sultans at the First Battle of Panipat. ... Abu Muzaffar Muhiuddin Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir (Persian: ابو مظفر محی الدین محمد اورنگزیب عالمگیر) (November 3, 1618 – March 3, 1707), usually known as Aurangzeb, but also sometimes as Alamgir I, was the ruler of the Mughal Empire from 1658 until 1707. ... Events The League of Augsburg is founded. ...

Historical overview

Yusuf Adil Shah was the son of Murad II, the Ottoman Emperor. After the Sultan's death and succession to throne by the crown prince, all other sons were executed. However, Yusuf's mother secretly replaced him with a slave boy and sent him to Persia. After many romantic adventures, Yusuf reached the court of the Bidar Sultanate. His bravery and personality raised him rapidly in Sultan's favor, resulting in his appointment as the Governor of Bijapur. He built the Citadel or Arkilla and the Faroukh Mahal. Yusuf was a man of culture. He invited poets and artisans from Persia, Turkey and Rome to his court. He married Punji, the sister of a Maratha warrior. When Yusuf died in 1510, his son Ismail was still a boy. Punji in male attire valiantly defended him from a coup to grab the throne. Ismail Adil Shah thus became the king of Bijapur, which till then was a province of Bahamani kingdom. Murad II Murad II (1404 – February 3, 1451) was the sultan from 1421 to 1451 (except for a period from 1444 to 1446). ... Imperial motto (Ottoman Turkish) Devlet-i Ebed-müddet (the Eternal State) The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital Bursa (1335 - 1365), Edirne (1365-1453), İstanbul (1453-1922) Imperial anthem Ottoman imperial anthem Sovereigns Padishah of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million... The Persian Empire is the name used to refer to a number of historic dynasties that have ruled the country of Persia (Iran). ... Bijapur is a district in the Indian state of Karnataka. ... This article is about a type of fortification. ... Shivaji and the Marathas The Marāthās is a collective term referring to a group of Hindu, Marathi-speaking castes of warriors and peasants, hailing mostly from the present-day state of Maharashtra, who created a substantial empire, covering a major part of India, in the 17th and 18th... Events Conquest of Pskov by Grand Prince Vasili III of Muscovy. ... The Bahmani Sultanate was a Muslim state of the Deccan in southern India. ...

Ibrahim Adil Shah I who succeeded his father Ismail, fortified the city and built the old Jamia Masjid. Ali Adil Shah I who next ascended the throne, aligned his forces with other Muslim kings of Golconda, Ahmednagar and Bidar, and together, they brought down the Vijayanagar empire. With the loot gained, he launched ambitious projects. He built the Gagan Mahal, Ali Rauza (his own tomb), Chand Bawdi (a large well) and the Jami Masjid. Ali I had no son, so his nephew Ibrahim II was set on the throne. Ali I's queen Chand Bibi had to aid him till he came of age. Ibrahim II was noted for his valor, intelligence and leanings towards the Hindu music and philosophy. Under his patronage the Bijapur school of painting reached its zenith. Muhammad Adil Shah succeeded his father Ibrahim II. He is renowned for Bijapur's grandest structure, the Gol Gumbaz, which has the biggest dome in the world with whispering gallery round about slightest sound is reproduced seven times. He also set up the historical Malik-e-Maidan, the massive gun. Golconda is a ruined city and fortress 11 km west of the city of Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh state, India. ... Ahmednagar is a city in the state of Maharashtra, India, on the left bank of the river Sna, about 100 km southeast of Pune. ... Bidar is a city in Karnataka state, India. ... The Vijayanagara empire was based in the Deccan, in peninsular and southern India, from 1336 onwards. ... Gol Gumbaz is the mausoleum of Muhammad Adil Shah II (1627-57). ...

Ali Adil Shah II inherited a troubled kingdom. He had to face the onslaught of the Maratha leader Shivaji on one side and Mughal emperor Aurangzeb on another. His mausoleum, Bara Kaman, planned to dwarf all others, was left unfinished due to his death. Sikandar Adil Shah, the last Adil Shahi sultan, ruled next for fourteen stormy years. Finally in 1686, the Mughal armies under Aurangzeb overpowered the city of Bijapur. Shivaji and the Marathas The Marāthās is a collective term referring to a group of Hindu, Marathi-speaking castes of warriors and peasants, hailing mostly from the present-day state of Maharashtra, who created a substantial empire, covering a major part of India, in the 17th and 18th...

Adil Shahi arts and heritage

The contribution of the Adil Shahi kings to the architecture, painting, language, literature and music of Karnataka is unique. Bijapur (Kannada form of the Sanskrit Vidyapur or Vidyanagari) became a cosmopolitan city, and it attracted many scholars, artists, musicians, and Sufi saints from Rome, Persia (Iran) Iraq, Turkey, Turkestan, etc. In the field of building architecture, the skills demanded of an architect range from the more complex, such as for a hospital or a stadium, to something simpler, such as planning simple residential houses. ... The Mona Lisa is perhaps the best-known artistic painting in the Western world. ... Bijapur is a district in the Indian state of Karnataka. ... Kannada - aptly described as sirigannada (known to few as Kanarese) is one of the oldest Dravidian languages and is spoken in its various dialects by roughly 45 million people. ... Sanskrit ( संस्कृतम्) is a classical language of India and a liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. ... Sufism (Arabic تصوف taṣawwuf) is a system of esoteric philosophy commonly associated with Islam. ... City motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus – SPQR (The Senate and the People of Rome) Founded 21 April 753 BC mythical, 1st millennium BC Region Latium Mayor Walter Veltroni (Left-Wing Democrats) Area  - City Proper  1290 km² Population  - City (2004)  - Metropolitan  - Density (city proper) 2,823,807 almost 4,000,000 1... The Persian Empire is the name used to refer to a number of historic dynasties that have ruled the country of Persia (Iran). ... Map of Turkestan (green) with borders of modern states in white Turkestan (also spelled Turkistan or Türkistan) is a region in Central Asia, which today is largely inhabited by Turkic people. ...

The unfinished Jami Masjid, started in 1565, has an arcaded prayer hall with fine aisles supported on massive piers has a impressive dome. The Ibrahim Rouza which contains the tomb of Ibrahim II Adil Shah, is a fine structure with delicately carvings. Persian artists of Adil Shahi court have left a rare treasure of miniature paintings, some of which are well-preserved in Europe's great museums. Events March 1 - the city of Rio de Janeiro is founded April 27 - Cebu City is established becoming the first Spanish settlement in the Philippines. ... A tomb is a small building (or vault) for the remains of the dead, with walls, a roof, and (if it is to be used for more than one corpse) a door. ...

The Dakhani language, an amalgam of Persian-Arabic, Gujarati, Marathi, and Kannada, developed into an independent spoken and literary language. Under the Adil Shahis many literary works were published in Dakhani. Ibrahim Adil Shah II's book of poems and music, Kitab-e-Navras is in Dakhani. The Mushaira (poetic symposium) was born in the Bijapur court and later traveled north. The Dakhani language, which was growing under the Bahamani kings, later came to be known as Dakhan Urdu to distinguish it from the North Indian Urdu. Adil Shah II played the sitar and ud and Ismail was a composer. Persian (فارسی = Fârsi . ... Arabic (; , less formally, ) is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ... Gujarati (ગુજરાતી Gujarātī; also sometimes Gujrati) is one of the 22 official language and 14 regional languages spoken in India. ... Marathi (मराठी ) is one of the 22 official languages spoken in India, and has a long literary history purportedly dating back to the 8th century A.D. The first Marathi document having been discovered in the state now known as Karnataka. ... Kannada - aptly described as sirigannada (known to few as Kanarese) is one of the oldest Dravidian languages and is spoken in its various dialects by roughly 45 million people. ... Ibrahim Adilshah II, the fifth king of the Adilshahi dynasty is known in the Indian history as Jagadguru Badshah. ... The Bahmani Sultanate was a Muslim state of the Deccan in southern India. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Urdu () is an Indo-European language of the Indo-Aryan family which developed under Persian, Turkish, and Arabic influence in the South Asia during the time of the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire (1200-1800). ... Premla Shahane playing a sitar, 1927 The sitar is a Hindustani classical instrument. ...

The Adil Shahi kings were known for tolerance towards Hindus and non-interference in their religious matters. They employed Hindus to high posts, especially accounts and administration, which were maintained in Marathi. A Hindu (archaic Hindoo) is an adherent of philosophies and scriptures of Hinduism, also known as Sanatan (सनातन) Dharma or Vedic Dharma. ...

Muhammad Qasim Ferishta, the famous historian was a protege of Ibrahim Adil Shah II. His Gulshane-Ibrahimi is a good source book on the history of the Bahmani Sultanate and contemporary kingdoms of the Adil Shahis.

Adil Shahis of Bijapur

• Yusuf Adil Shah (1490-1510)
• Ismail Adil Shah (1510-1534)
• Mallu Adil Shah (1534)
• Ibrahim Adil Shah I (1534-1558)
• Ali Adil Shah I (1558-1580)
• Ibrahim Adil Shah II (1580-1627)
• Mohammed Adil Shah (1627-1657); his mausoleum is the Gol Gumbaz, Bijapur
• Ali Adil Shah II (1657-1672)
• Sikandar Adil Shah (1672-1686)