NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Adoniram Judson

Adoniram Judson, Jr. (9 August 1788 - 12 April 1850) was an American Baptist missionary who labored for almost forty years in Burma (now known as Myanmar). His mission and work led to the formation of the first Baptist association in America, inspired many Americans to become or support misisonaries, translated the Bible into Burmese, and established a number of Baptist churches in Burma. Image File history File links Adoniram_judson. ... Image File history File links Adoniram_judson. ... August 9 is the 221st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (222nd in leap years), with 144 days remaining. ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... April 12 is the 102nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (103rd in leap years). ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... A Baptist is a member of a Baptist church. ... The Gutenberg Bible owned by the United States Library of Congress The Bible (Hebrew: ×ª× ×´×š tanakh, Greek: Î· Î’Î¯Î²Î»Î¿Ï‚ hÄ“ biblos) (sometimes The Holy Bible, The Book, Work of God, The Word, The Good Book or Scripture), from Greek (Ï„Î±) Î²Î¯Î²Î»Î¹Î±, (ta) biblia, (the) books, is the name used by Jews and Christians for their...

Early life

Judson was born on 9 August 1788 in Malden, Massachusetts, son of a Congregational minister of the same name. At the age of nineteen, he graduated from Rhode Island College (now Brown University) as valedictorian of his class. He then attended The Andover Theological Seminary, and later participated in the formation of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. Judson was commissioned as a foreign missionary by the Congregational Church, and married Ann Hasseltine on 5 February 1812. He was ordained the next day at the Tabernacle Church in Salem, and on 19 February set sail with Luther Rice, Samuel Newell and his wife, also missionaries. August 9 is the 221st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (222nd in leap years), with 144 days remaining. ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Malden Auditorium in 1909 Malden is a city located in Middlesex County, Massachusetts. ... Brown University is an Ivy League university located in Providence, Rhode Island. ... Andover Theological Seminary, now part of Andover Newton Theological School, is the oldest graduate school of theology in the United States. ... Proposed in 1810 by recent graduates of Williams College and officially chartered in 1812, the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) was the first American Christian foreign mission agency. ... Congregational churches are Protestant Christian churches practicing congregationalist church governance, in which each congregation independently and autonomously runs its own affairs. ... Wife of Adoniram Judson, Ann accompanied her husband on missions trips to Burma. ... February 5 is the 36th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1812 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... February 19 is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

Career

While aboard ship enroute to India, he did a focused study on baptism, and on 6 September 1812, he switched to the Baptist denomination and was baptized in Calcutta, India by an English missionary associate of William Carey. Both the local and British authorities did not want Americans evangelizing Hindus in the area, so the group of missionaries separated and sought other mission fields. The following year, on 13 July 1813, he moved to Burma, and enroute his wife miscarried their first child aboard ship. This article is about the day of the year. ... 1812 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... A Baptist is a member of a Baptist church. ... Baptism in early Christian art. ... This article is on Calcutta/Kolkata, the city. ... William Carey (August 17, 1761 â€“ June 9, 1834) was an English missionary and Baptist minister, known as the father of modern missions. ... July 13 is the 194th day (195th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 171 days remaining. ... 1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

After his conversion to Baptist views on baptism, Judson's offered to Baptists in the United States to serve as their missionary. Luther Rice who had also converted was in poor health and returned to America and his work and William Carey's urgings resulted in the formation in 1814 of the General Convention of the Baptist Denomination in the United States for Foreign Missions (commonly called the Triennial Convention). A Baptist is a member of a Baptist church. ... Baptism in early Christian art. ... 1814 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

Judson, who already knew Latin, Greek and Hebrew, quickly learned to speak Burmese and began studying the grammar. His second child died at seven months of age. He completed translation of the Gospel of Matthew in 1817, and began evangelism in 1818, sitting in a zayat by the roadside calling out "Ho! Everyone that thirsteth for knowledge!" His first convert was baptized in 1819, and there were 18 converts by 1822. The Gospel of Matthew (literally: according to Matthew, Greek: ÎšÎ±Ï„Î¬ ÎœÎ±Î¸Î¸Î±Î¯Î¿Î½ or ÎšÎ±Ï„Î¬ ÎœÎ±Ï„Î¸Î±Î¯Î¿Î½ ) is one of the four Gospel accounts of the New Testament. ... The Four Evangelists, by Jakob Jordaens Evangelism is the proclaiming of the Christian Gospel or, by extension, any other form of preaching or proselytizing. ... A zayat is a Burmese building found in almost every village. ... 1819 common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1822 (MDCCCXXII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Adoniram Judson was imprisoned for 17 months during the war between England and Burma, first at Ava and then at Oung-pen-la. He was released by the Burmese as the war wound down and served as an interpreter during the peace negotiations. In 24 October 1826, his wife Ann died at Amherst (now Kyaikkami), Burma, and their third child died six months later. He retreated into the woods for over a year, mourning. The first Burmese pastor he ordained was Ko-Thah-a, one of the original group of converts, who refounded the church at Rangoon. In 1834, he completed the Burmese translation of the Bible. In April of that same year, he married Sarah Hall Boardman, widow of fellow missionary George Boardman. They had eight children, five of whom survived to adulthood. Sarah's health began failing and physicians recommended a return to America. Sarah died enroute at St. Helena on 1 September 1845. He continued home, where he was greeted as a celebrity and toured the eastern seaboard raising the profile of and money for missionary activity. Because he had so thouroughly abandoned the English language for the Burmese, his public addresses were made through an interpreter.^[1] On 2 June 1846, Judson married for the third time, to writer Emily Chubbuck who he had commissioned to write memoirs for Sarah Hall Boardman. They had a daughter born in 1847. He developed a serious lung infection and doctors prescribed a sea voyage as a cure. On 12 April 1850, Adoniram Judson died at age 61 on board ship in the Bay of Bengal and was buried at sea, having spent 37 years in missionary service abroad with only one home leave. Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location (dark green) within the United Kingdom (light green), with the Republic of Ireland (blue) to its west Languages English Capital London Largest city London Area â€“ Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 kmÂ² Population â€“mid-2004... AVA or ava may stand for: // As an initialism Agri-food and Veterinary Authority (Singapore) Alexander Valley Association (USA) American Vaulting Association (USA) American Vecturist Association American Vigilante Association American Viticultural Area (USA) American Volkssport Association American Voyager Association (USA) Angels and Airwaves (band) Applied Vision Association (UK) Association of... October 24 is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 68 days remaining. ... The oldest surviving photograph, NicÃ©phore NiÃ©pce, circa 1826 1826 (MDCCCXXVI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Yangôn, formerly Rangoon, population 4,504,000 (2001), is the capital of Myanmar. ... 1834 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The Gutenberg Bible owned by the United States Library of Congress The Bible (Hebrew: ×ª× ×´×š tanakh, Greek: Î· Î’Î¯Î²Î»Î¿Ï‚ hÄ“ biblos) (sometimes The Holy Bible, The Book, Work of God, The Word, The Good Book or Scripture), from Greek (Ï„Î±) Î²Î¯Î²Î»Î¹Î±, (ta) biblia, (the) books, is the name used by Jews and Christians for their... Sarah Hall Boardman (4 November 1803 - 3 September 1845) born in Alstead, New Hampshire, spent 20 years of her life in Burma (now known as Myanmar) doing missionary work. ... George Dana Boardman was born February 8 1801 in Livermore, Maine, the son of the Rev. ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years). ... 1845 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... June 2 is the 153rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (154th in leap years), with 212 days remaining. ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Emily Chubbuck was born to poor parents in Eaton, New York on 23 August 1817 and died of consumption in Hamilton, New York on 1 June 1854. ... April 12 is the 102nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (103rd in leap years). ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... A map showing the location of the Bay of Bengal. ...

Published Works

Legacy

When Judson began his mission in Burma, he set a goal of translating the Bible and founding a church of 100 members before his death. When he died, he left the bible, 100 chuches, and over 8,000 believers. In large part due to his influence, Myanmar has the third largest number of Baptists worldwide, behind the United States and India. The majority of adherents are Karen and Kachin. Each July, Baptist churches in Myanmar celebrate "Judson Day", commemmorating his arrival as a missionary. Inside the campus of Yangon University is Judson Church, named in his honor, and in 1920 Judson College, named in his honor, merged into Rangoon College, which has since been renamed Yangon University.^[2] Total population 7,400,000 Regions with significant populations Myanmar: 7,000,000 Thailand: 400,000 Language Karen Religion Buddhism, Christianity, Animism Related ethnic groups Padaung The Karen (Burmese: or Kayin), also known in Thailand as the Kariang (Thai: à¸à¸°à¹€à¸«à¸£à¸µà¹ˆà¸¢à¸‡) or Yang , are an ethnic group in Myanmar (Burma) and Thailand. ... The Jingpo or Kachin people (Chinese: æ™¯é¢‡æ— JÇngpÅzÃº; own names: Jingpo, Tsaiva, Lechi) are an ethnic group who largely inhabit northern Myanmar (Kachin State). ... Note: You may need a Burmese Unicode Font to see the characters on this page. ...

Judson compiled the first ever Burmese-English dictionary. The English-Burmese half was interrupted by his death and completed by missionary E. A. Steven. Every dictionary and grammar written in Burma in the last two centuries has been based on ones originally created by Judson. Judson "became a symbol of the preeminence of Bible translation for" Protestant missionaries.^[3] In the 1950s, Burma's Buddhist prime minister U Nu told the Burma Christian Council "Oh no, a new translation is not necessary. Judson's captures the language and idiom of Burmese perfectly and is very clear and understandable."^[4] His translation remains the most popular version in Myanmar. The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Prime Minister U Nu U Nu (otherwise known as Thakin Nu; May 25, 1907 - February 14, 1995) was a Burmese nationalist and political figure. ...

His conversion to Baptism, and subsequent need of support, led to the founding of the first national Baptist organization in the United States and subsequently to all American Baptist associations, including the Southern Baptists that were the first to break off from the national organization. The printing of his wife Ann's letters about their mission inspired many Americans to become or support Christian missionaries. There are at least 36 Baptist churches in the United States named after him, Judson College in Illinois is named after him and Judson College in Alabama is named after his wife Ann.^[5] The Southern Baptist Convention (SBC) is a United States cooperative ministry agency serving missionary Baptist churches around the world. ... The chapel at Judson College. ... Judson College, founded in 1838 in Marion, Alabama (as Judson Female Institute) is the nations fifth oldest womens college. ...

External links

References

Footnotes

Categories: American missionaries | Missionaries in Asia | Religion in Myanmar | American Baptists | American lexicographers | 1788 births | 1850 deaths 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 4 is the 155th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (156th in leap years), with 210 days remaining. ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... August 9 is the 221st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (222nd in leap years), with 144 days remaining. ... Malden Auditorium in 1909 Malden is a city located in Middlesex County, Massachusetts. ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... April 12 is the 102nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (103rd in leap years). ... A map showing the location of the Bay of Bengal. ...

Contents

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