Bubbles in carbonated water float to the surface.

Carbonated water, also known as soda water, sparkling water, or seltzer water, is water containing carbon dioxide, which bubbles out when the drink is depressurised. When bottled or supplied for final consumption without flavoring, it may be called club soda. Macro photograph of coca-cola bubbles. ... Macro photograph of coca-cola bubbles. ... Drinking water This article focuses on water as we experience it every day. ... Carbon dioxide is an atmospheric gas composed of one carbon and two oxygen atoms. ...

Joseph Priestley first discovered a method of impregnating water with carbon dioxide when he placed a bowl of water above a vat of fermenting beer at a local brewery in Leeds. The carbon dioxide given off by the beer, which Priestley called 'fixed air' and had been discovered and named 'mephitic air' by Joseph Black, soon became dissolved in the water. Priestley found that the impregnated water developed a pleasant sweet acidic taste and he began to offer the treated water to friends as a refreshing drink. In 1772 Priestley published a paper entitled Impregnating Water with Fixed Air in which he described a process of dripping sulphuric acid (or oil of vitriol as Priestley knew it) onto chalk in order to produce carbon dioxide and forcing the gas to disolve by agitating a bowl of water in contact with the gas. Joseph Priestley (March 13, 1733 - February 6, 1804) was an English chemist, dissenting clergyman, and educator. ... This article is about the drink; for the village in Devon, England, see Beer, Devon. ... Joseph Black Joseph Black (16 April 1728 - 10 November 1799) was a Scottish physicist and chemist. ... Events February 17 - First partition of Russia and Prussia, later including Austria May - Watauga Association formed in East Tennessee as the first independent Anglo-American government. ... Sulfuric acid (British English: sulphuric acid), H2SO4, is a strong mineral acid. ... Sulfuric acid (British English: sulphuric acid), H2SO4, is a strong mineral acid. ... The Needles, part of the extensive Southern England Chalk Formation Chalk is a soft, white, porous form of limestone composed of the mineral calcium carbonate. ...

Independently, Swedish chemistry professor Torbern Bergman succeeded in inventing another process to make carbonated water by the action of sulphuric acid on chalk in 1771, mostly to save himself money when he was ill. He was trying to imitate the naturally-occurring effervescent water that bubbles up from underground springs and was thought to be beneficial to health.-1... Torbern Olof Bergman (March 20, 1735 Katrineberg, Sweden, – July 8, 1784 Medevi, Sweden) was a Swedish chemist. ... Events January 22 - Spain cedes the Falkland Islands to England. ...

Currently, carbonated water is made by passing pressurized carbon dioxide through water. This increases the solubility; i.e., more carbon dioxide dissolves than under standard atmospheric pressures. When the pressure is reduced by opening the bottle, the gas comes out of the solution, forming the characteristic bubbles. A solvent is a liquid that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution. ... Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the measure of the force that acts on a unit area. ...

Carbonated water is believed by some to be good for removing stains, for example coffee stains from mugs, or stains from silver. A frequently used method of preventing red wine stains from setting in is to sprinkle salt on the stain and then apply a liberal amount of carbonated water. Schweppes manufactures unflavoured "soda water", adding to it sodium bicarbonate, thus acting as a weak antacid. Coffee beans and a cup of coffee Coffee as a drink, usually served hot, is prepared from the roasted seeds (beans) of the coffee plant. ... General Name, Symbol, Number silver, Ag, 47 Chemical series Transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 5 , d Density, Hardness 10490 kg/m3, 2. ... Cadbury-Schweppes plc (Cadbury Trebor Bassett) is a chocolate and beverage company with its headquarters in London, UK. Jacob Schweppe developed a method to make mineral water in Geneva, Switzerland in 1783. ... An antacid is any substance that counteracts stomach acidity. ...

Seltzer water was once commonly sold in small bottles with a metal handle on the side to control the dispensing of the contents. Since the carbonation in the water pressurizes the seltzer bottle, the liquid is propelled out as a stream. The bottles became a common feature of slapstick comedy of clowns and vaudeville performers along with the cream pie. This article is about comedic slapstick. ... A clown participating in a Memorial Day parade A clown today is one of various types of comedic performers, on stage, television, in the circus and rodeo. ... Vaudeville is a style of theater, also known as variety, which flourished in North America from the 1880s through the 1920s. ...

The most popular forms are flavored, and referred to as soft drinks. These are widely sold throughout the world, often as a mixer for alcoholic beverages. Major brands include Coca-Cola, Pepsi, R.C. Cola, and Dr Pepper. Many sales of these beverages are made via vending machines although they were originally made to order from soda water and syrup at soda fountains in drug stores. A soft drink is a drink that contains no alcohol. ... Alcoholic beverages are drinks containing ethanol, popularly called alcohol. ... The wave shape (known as the dynamic ribbon device) present on all Coca-Cola cans throughout the world derives from the contour of the original Coca-Cola bottles. ... Pepsi or Pepsi-Cola, is a carbonated cola soft drink manufactured by PepsiCo, and principal rival of Coca-Cola. ... R.C. Cola (or Royal Crown Cola) is a cola soft drink developed in 1905 by Columbus, Georgia pharmacist Claud A. Hatcher. ... A can of Dr Pepper Dr Pepper is a popular caramel-colored, carbonated soft drink marketed in the United States by Dr Pepper/Seven Up, Inc. ... Soda pop and snack machines A vending machine is a machine that dispenses merchandise when a customer deposits money sufficient to purchase the desired item (as opposed to a shop, where personnel is required for every purchase). ... Today, a soda fountain refers to the carbonated drink dispensers found in fast food restaurants. ... Pharmacy (from the Greek φάρμακον = drug) is the profession of compounding and dispensing medication. ...

External Links

• Priestley's paper Impregnating Water with Fixed Air 1772 (http://dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/webdocs/Chem-History/Priestley-1772/Priestley-1772-Start.html)

• Bartleby  (http://www.bartleby.com/65/ca/carbonat-bev.html) A carbonated beverage is "an effervescent drink that releases carbon dioxide under conditions of normal atmospheric pressure. Carbonation may occur naturally in spring water that has absorbed carbon dioxide at high pressures underground. It can also be a byproduct of fermentation, such as beer and some wines (see champagne). Many curative properties have been attributed to effervescent waters (e.g., aiding digestion and calming nerves), but few have been scientifically tested. The term seltzer once referred to the effervescent mineral water obtained from the natural springs near the village of Niederseltsers in SW Germany. Today, however, seltzer is simply well-filtered tap water with artificially added carbonation. Club soda is also artificially carbonated but contains other additives as well, including sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium phosphate, sodium citrate, and sometimes light flavoring. Artificial carbonation was first introduced in 1767 by an Englishman, Joseph Priestley, and was commercialized in 1807 by Benjamin Silliman, a Yale Univ. chemistry professor, who bottled and sold seltzer water."