The Aerial Bridge in 1907

The Aerial Lift Bridge (earlier known as the Aerial Bridge or Aerial Ferry Bridge) is a major landmark in the port city of Duluth, Minnesota. The span is a vertical lift bridge, which is rather uncommon, but it began life as an extremely rare transporter bridge—the first of just two such bridges ever constructed in the United States. Originally built in 1905, the bridge was upgraded in 1929–30 to the current lifting design and continues to operate today. The bridge was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 22, 1973. A maritime museum maintained by the US Army Corps of Engineers exists near the site of the bridge. The Aerial Bridge in Duluth, Minnesota as it appeared in 1907. ... The Aerial Bridge in Duluth, Minnesota as it appeared in 1907. ... Motto: Nickname: Map Political Statistics Founded 1679 Incorporated 1800s St. ... A lift bridge over the Erie Canal at Lockport. ... The Newport Transporter Bridge A transporter bridge (also ferry bridge or aerial transfer bridge) is a type of movable bridge that carries a segment of roadway across a river. ... 1905 (MCMV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1930 (MCMXXX) is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... The National Register of Historic Places is the USAs official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects worthy of preservation. ... May 22 is the 142nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (143rd in leap years). ... 1973 (MCMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1973 calendar). ... United States Army Corps of Engineers logo The United States Army Corps of Engineers, or USACE, is made up of some 34,600 civilian and 650 military men and women. ...

The bridge spans a small artificial canal that was put through the thin but long sand bar named Minnesota Point in 1870–71 (the natural mouth of the St. Louis River is about seven miles (11 km) farther southeast, and is split between Minnesota and Wisconsin). Creating this gap in the tiny peninsula meant that residents who lived on the new island needed to have a way to get across. Several different transportation methods were tried, though they were complicated by the weather. Ferries could work in the summer, but ice caused problems in colder months. A swinging footbridge was used, but was considered rather rickety and unsafe. The Canal du Midi in Toulouse, France. ... In geography, a bar is a linear shoaling landform feature within a body of water. ... 1870 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Saint Louis River is a river in Minnesota that flows into Lake Superior. ... Official language(s) None Capital Saint Paul Largest city Minneapolis Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 12th 225,365 km² 400 km 645 km 8. ... Official language(s) None Capital Madison Largest city Milwaukee Area  - Total  - Width  - Length  - % water  - Latitude  - Longitude Ranked 23rd 169,790 km² 420 km 500 km 17 42°30N to 47°3N 86°49W to 92°54W Population  - Total (2000)  - Density Ranked 18th 5,453,896 38. ... Peninsula A peninsula (from Latin paene insula, almost island) is a geographical formation consisting of an extension of land from a larger body, surrounded by water on three sides. ... The Pride of Burgundy, a P&O Ferries car ferry on the Dover-Calais route A ferry is a boat or a ship carrying passengers, and sometimes their vehicles, on scheduled services. ...

In 1892, a contest was held to find a solution. The winning design came from John Alexander Low Waddell, who drew up plans for a high-rise vertical lift bridge. The city of Duluth was eager to build the bridge, which would have been about 130 feet (40 meters) wide. However, the War Department objected to the design, and the project was canceled before it could be built. Waddell's design went on to be built in Chicago, Illinois as the slightly larger South Halsted Street Bridge. New plans were later drawn up for a structure that would ferry people from one side to the other. This type of span, which is known variously as an aerial transfer, ferry, or transporter bridge, had first been demonstrated in France in 1898. Duluth's bridge was inspired by that design, though the actual construction is quite different. The architect was a city engineer, Thomas McGilvray. 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... John Alexander Low Waddell (1854–1938, often shortened to J.A.L. Waddell and sometimes known as John Alexander Waddell) was an American civil engineer and prolific bridge designer, with more than a thousand structures to his credit in the U.S., Canada, and other countries around the world. ... Line drawing of the Department of Wars seal. ... Nickname: The Windy City Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Official website: http://egov. ... 1898 (MDCCCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Architect at his drawing board, 1893 An architect is a person involved in the planning, designing and oversight of a buildings construction. ...

The Aerial Lift Bridge dominates the canal park skyline. (2005)

When it was completed in 1905, the Aerial Bridge's gondola had a capacity of 60 short tons (54 tonne) and could carry 350 people plus wagons, streetcars, or automobiles. A trip across the canal took about one minute, and the ferry car moved across once every five minutes during busy times of the day. However, a growing population on Minnesota Point, a greater demand for cars, and an increase in tourism soon meant that the bridge's capacity was being stretched to the limit. A remodeling was planned that would incorporate a lifting platform into the structure. Ironically, the firm finally commissioned with designing the new bridge was the descendant of Waddell's company. The design is attributed to C.A.P. Turner. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x1920, 947 KB) Summary Nick Zlonis, Aerial Lift Bridge, Duluth, Canal Park, Lake Superior Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1280x1920, 947 KB) Summary Nick Zlonis, Aerial Lift Bridge, Duluth, Canal Park, Lake Superior Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... The word ton or tonne is derived from the Old English tunne, and ultimately from the Old French tonne, and referred originally to a large cask with a capacity of 252 wine gallons, which holds approximately 2100 pounds of water. ... A tonne (symbol t), sometimes referred to as a metric tonne, is a measurement of weight. ... A wagon (in old British English waggon) is a wheeled vehicle, ordinarily with four wheels, usually pulled by an animal such as a horse, mule or ox, which was used for transport of heavy goods in the past. ... a historic postcard showing electric trolley-powered streetcars in Richmond, Virginia, where Frank J. Sprague successfully demonstrated his new system on the hills in 1888 A streetcar is a railway vehicle designed to carry passengers on tracks, usually laid in city streets. ... An automobile is a wheeled vehicle that carries its own motor. ... Tourist redirects here; for the album by Athlete, see Tourist (album) Tourism is the act of travel for the purpose of recreation and business, and the provision of services for this act. ...

In order to ensure that tall ships could still pass under the bridge, the top span had to be raised to accommodate the new deck when raised. The support columns on either side were also modified so that they could hold new counterweights to balance the weight of the lifting portion. The new design closely resembled the original concept put forth in 1892. The modern structure went into operation in 1930 on March 19. A counterweight is a weight that balances a load. ... March 19 is the 78th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (79th in leap years). ...

The bridge can be raised in 55 seconds, and goes up 25 to 30 times daily during busy parts of the shipping season. The span is about 390 feet, or 120 meters.

The canal that runs under the bridge has quite a story of its own. Construction began in 1870, but became a contentious issue with the neighboring port of Superior, Wisconsin. The city of Superior even went to federal court to halt the construction. An injunction to stop work sat waiting to be served one weekend in 1871, so an army of 50 volunteers was quickly dispatched by Duluth's administrators to the canal site so it could be completed before Monday rolled around. They succeeded in creating a 30 foot (9 m) wide channel, essentially making the injunction meaningless. Interestingly, the man who owned the land where the channel went in was Wilhelm Boeing. He didn't appreciate the canal and, for a time, tried to stop ships from traveling into the port by that route. Eventually he gave up and moved to Seattle, Washington, where his son went on to found the Boeing aircraft company. Railyard in the port of Superior Superior is the county seat of Douglas County, Wisconsin. ... A court is an official, public forum which a sovereign establishes by lawful authority to adjudicate disputes, and to dispense civil, labour, administrative and criminal justice under the law. ... An injunction is an equitable remedy in the form of a court order that either prohibits or compels (restrains or enjoins) a party from continuing a particular activity. ... For the Suquamish chief, see Chief Seattle. ... William E. Boeing (October 1, 1881 - September 28, 1956) was the aviation pioneer who founded the Boeing Company. ... The Boeing Company (NYSE: BA)(TYO: 7661 ) is the worlds largest aircraft manufacturer, headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, with its largest production facilities in Everett, Washington, about 30 miles north of Seattle, Washington. ... Airbus A380 An aircraft is any machine capable of atmospheric flight. ...

See also

• Blatnik Bridge – the nearby Interstate 535 crossing in Duluth-Superior
• Richard I. Bong Memorial Bridge – the nearby U.S. Route 2 crossing
• Sky Ride – the other ferry bridge built in the U.S., an exhibit at the 1933–34 World's Fair, "Century of Progress," in Chicago
• South Halsted Street Bridge – Waddell's bridge design as built in Chicago
• Stillwater Bridge – another lift bridge in Minnesota (connecting to Wisconsin)

== == §ɧ Ķ€Ψ| Ďμđ€ Interstate 535 (I-535) is a 2. ... The Twin Ports of Duluth, Minnesota and Superior, Wisconsin are located at the western tip of Lake Superior, the westernmost of North Americas Great Lakes. ... Richard I. Bong Memorial Bridge from the Duluth, Minnesota hillside looking East toward Superior, Wisconsin. ... United States Highway 2 is an east-west United States Highway. ... Panorama, showing Sky Ride to the left The Sky Ride was a Transporter bridge designed by Robinson & Steinman and built for the Century of Progress Exposition (or Worlds Fair) in Chicago Illinois (located near what became Meigs Field) in 1933. ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... A 1933 Century of Progress worlds fair poster The Century of Progress Exposition was a worlds fair held in Chicago, Illinois from 1933-1934 to celebrate Chicagos centennial. ... The Stillwater Bridge (alternatively known as the Stillwater Lift Bridge, St. ...

References

• Fulton Klinkerfues. Duluth struggled to find its lift bridge. Good Age Newspaper. Accessed December 19, 2004.
• Aerial Lift Bridge. A Minnesota Sampler. Minnesota Historical Society. Accessed December 19, 2004.
• Larry Oakes (July 14, 2002). Duluth's Aerial Lift Bridge a defining symbol. Star Tribune. Accessed December 19, 2004.
• Stillwater Bridge - Historic Significance. Minnesota Historical Society. Accessed December 20, 2004.

ψǔΣ ǜρ December 19 is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... It has been designated the: International Year of Rice (by the United Nations) International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO) 2004 World Health Day topic was Road Safety (by World Health Organization) Year of the Monkey (by the Chinese calendar) See the world in... December 19 is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... It has been designated the: International Year of Rice (by the United Nations) International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO) 2004 World Health Day topic was Road Safety (by World Health Organization) Year of the Monkey (by the Chinese calendar) See the world in... The Star Tribune is the largest newspaper in Minnesota and is published seven days each week in an edition for the Minneapolis-St. ... December 19 is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... It has been designated the: International Year of Rice (by the United Nations) International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO) 2004 World Health Day topic was Road Safety (by World Health Organization) Year of the Monkey (by the Chinese calendar) See the world in... December 20 is the 354th day of the year (355th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... It has been designated the: International Year of Rice (by the United Nations) International Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO) 2004 World Health Day topic was Road Safety (by World Health Organization) Year of the Monkey (by the Chinese calendar) See the world in...

External links

• Architecture and History of the Duluth Aerial Lift Bridge
• Duluth Aerial Lift Bridge Library of Congress, Historical American Engineering Record, Survey number HAER MN-44