An example of artistic depiction of an aerial landscape: Jane Frank (Jane Schenthal Frank, 1918-1986), "Aerial Series: Ploughed Fields, Maryland", 1974, acrylic and mixed materials on apertured double canvas, 52"x48".

(This article concerns painting and other non-photographic media. Otherwise, see aerial photography)

Aerial landscape art is painting or other visual art which depicts or evokes the appearance of a landscape as seen from above, usually from a considerable distance, as it might be viewed from an aircraft or spacecraft. Sometimes the art is based not on direct observation but on aerial photography, or on maps created using satellite imagery. This kind of landscape art hardly existed before the 20th century, with its development of means of human transport which allow for actual overhead views of large landscapes. Image File history File linksMetadata Jane_Frank_Ploughed_Fields_MD.jpg‎ Jane Frank (Jane Schenthal Frank, 1918-1986), Aerial Series: Ploughed Fields, Maryland, 1974, acrylic and mixed materials on apertured double canvas, 52x48. This image is from a low-resolution photo (taken by the uploader) of a reproduction of a photo in a... Image File history File linksMetadata Jane_Frank_Ploughed_Fields_MD.jpg‎ Jane Frank (Jane Schenthal Frank, 1918-1986), Aerial Series: Ploughed Fields, Maryland, 1974, acrylic and mixed materials on apertured double canvas, 52x48. This image is from a low-resolution photo (taken by the uploader) of a reproduction of a photo in a... The artist Jane Frank (or Jane Schenthal Frank) was born Jane Babette Schenthal on July 25,1918, in Baltimore, Maryland. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Official language(s) None (English, de facto) Capital Annapolis Largest city Baltimore Area  Ranked 42nd  - Total 12,407 sq mi (32,133 km²)  - Width 90 miles (145 km)  - Length 249 miles (400 km)  - % water 21  - Latitude 37°53N to 39°43N  - Longitude 75°4W to 79°33... 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Look up acrylic in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Mixed media, in visual art, refers to an artwork in the making of which more than one medium has been employed. ... Look up Canvas in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Georgian terrace of Royal Crescent (Bath, England) from a hot air balloon Dulles Airport in Reston, Virginia, from an airplane Intersection of E42 and E451 from an aircraft soon after takeoff from Frankfurt International Airport Moreton Island in Queensland, Australia Aerial photography is the taking of photographs from the... For building painting, see painter and decorator. ... Many times, the term art is used to refer to the visual arts. ... Landscape art depicts scenery such as mountains, valleys, trees, rivers, and forests. ... Look up aircraft in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Space Shuttle Discovery as seen from the International Space Station. ... The Georgian terrace of Royal Crescent (Bath, England) from a hot air balloon Dulles Airport in Reston, Virginia, from an airplane Intersection of E42 and E451 from an aircraft soon after takeoff from Frankfurt International Airport Moreton Island in Queensland, Australia Aerial photography is the taking of photographs from the... See map for the navigational aid The acronym MAPS could refer to: Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies Mail Abuse Prevention System Multi-jurisdictional Automated Preclearance System Mid-Atlantic Percussion Society Medical Advanced Pain Specialists Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship Multidisciplinary Academic PerspectiveS Metropolitan Area ProjectS Category: ... NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Image Satellite imagery consists of photographs of Earth or other planets made from artificial satellites. ... Landscape art depicts scenery such as mountains, valleys, trees, rivers, and forests. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999...

Before the twentieth century, the obvious precedents for aerial landscape art are maps, or somewhat map-like artworks, which depict a landscape from an imagined bird's-eye viewpoint. For example, Australian Aborigines, beginning in very ancient times, created "country" landscapes - aerial landscapes depicting their country - showing ancestral paths to watering holes and sacred sites. Centuries before air travel, Europeans developed maps of whole continents and even of the globe itself, all from an imagined aerial perspective, aided with mathematical calculations derived from surveys and knowledge of astronomical relationships. A map is a simplified depiction of a space which highlights relations between components (objects, regions) of that space. ...

There were other pre-20th century artworks sometimes depicting a single town or precinct, in a manner that comes closer to real aerial landscape, showing the landscape more or less as it might look from directly overead. These aerial landscapes and townscapes often employed a kind of mixed perspective: while the overall view was quasi-aerial - showing the disposition of features arrayed as if seen from directly above - individual features of importance (such as churches or other major buildings) were pictured larger than scale, and angled as they might look to someone standing on the ground. The advent of balloon travel in the 19th century aided the development of more realistic aerial landscapes.

Modernist abstraction and the aerial landscape

The artist Kazimir Malevich, who wrote extensively on the aesthetics and philosophy of modern art, identified the aerial landscape (especially the "bird's-eye view", looking straight down, as opposed to an oblique angle) as a genuinely new and radicalizing paradigm in the art of the twentieth century. Unlike traditional landscapes, aerial landscapes often do not include any view of a horizon or sky, nor in such cases is there any recession of the view into an infinite distance. Additionally, there is a natural kinship between aerial landscape painting and abstract painting, not only because familiar objects are sometimes difficult to recognize when viewed aerially, but because there is no natural "up" or "down" orientation in the painting: often it seems that, as in a work of abstract expressionism, the painting might just as well be hung upside down or sideways (the painting pictured at right is one such example). Furthermore, as in a Jackson Pollock or a Mark Tobey, such images often have an "all over" distribution of interest that defies any attempt to decide on a "correct" orientation or a focal point. Self-portrait, 1933 (detail) Kazimir Severinovich Malevich (Russian: , Polish: , Ukrainian transliteration Malevych, German: ), (February 23, 1879 – May 15, 1935) was a painter and art theoretician, pioneer of geometric abstract art and one of the most important members of the Russian avant-garde. ... Dejeuner sur lHerbe by Pablo Picasso At the Moulin Rouge: Two Women Waltzing by Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, 1892 The Scream by Edvard Munch, 1893 I and the Village by Marc Chagall, 1911 Fountain by Marcel Duchamp, 1917 Campbells Soup Cans 1962 Synthetic polymer paint on thirty-two... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Rio de Janeiro birds-eye view. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s The 20th century lasted from 1901 to 2000 in the Gregorian calendar (often from (1900 to 1999 in common usage). ... Landscape art depicts scenery such as mountains, valleys, trees, rivers, and forests. ... Horizon. ... A typical daytime sky. ... Black square by Kazimir Malevich Abstract art is now generally understood to mean art that does not depict objects in the natural world, but instead uses colour and form in a non-representational way. ... For building painting, see painter and decorator. ... Jackson Pollock, No. ... Pollocks One: Number 31, 1950 solely occupies an entire wall at the Museum of Modern Art, New York City Paul Jackson Pollock (January 28, 1912 – August 11, 1956) was an influential American painter and a major force in the abstract expressionist movement. ... Mark Tobey (December 11, 1890 – April 24, 1976) was an American abstract painter. ...

In addition to Malevich, many other famous or notable modern and contemporary artists have produced work inspired by aerial views of landscapes, including Georgia O'Keeffe, Susan Crile, Jane Frank, Richard Diebenkorn, Yvonne Jacquette, and Nancy Graves. Self-portrait, 1933 (detail) Kazimir Severinovich Malevich (Russian: , Polish: , Ukrainian transliteration Malevych, German: ), (February 23, 1879 – May 15, 1935) was a painter and art theoretician, pioneer of geometric abstract art and one of the most important members of the Russian avant-garde. ... Georgia Totto OKeeffe (November 15, 1887—March 6, 1986) was an American artist. ... Susan Crile (b. ... The artist Jane Frank (or Jane Schenthal Frank) was born Jane Babette Schenthal on July 25,1918, in Baltimore, Maryland. ... Richard Clifford Diebenkorn, Jr. ... Yvonne Jacquette (born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1934), is an American painter and printmaker known in particular for her depictions of aerial landscapes, especially aerial views of cities. ... Nancy Graves (1940-1995) was an American sculptor, painter, printmaker, and sometimes filmmaker known for her focus on natural phenomena like camels or maps of the moon. ...

Special case: the aerial cloudscape

The aerial cloudscapes painted by Georgia O'Keeffe in the 1960s and 1970s are an interesting case. They are generally, strictly speaking, not landscapes at all, since they show the clouds from above, suspended in blue sky, with the land below nowhere to be seen: it is the view of clouds regarded at a downward and sideways angle, as from the window of an airplane. These paintings typically depict a kind of "pseudo-horizon," formed not where land meets sky but where the suspended layer of clouds - a "pseudo-ground" - meets the empty upper sky. See the external link below for an image of O'Keeffe's gigantic 1965 aerial cloudscape entitled "Sky Above Clouds IV", housed at the Art Institute of Chicago. (Of course, during this period, O'Keeffe also produced aerial landscapes properly speaking - that is, views of the land from above. Below is an external link to an image of one of these: "It Was Blue and Green", 1960.) A cloudscape by Jacob Isaakszoon van Ruysdael. ... Georgia Totto OKeeffe (November 15, 1887—March 6, 1986) was an American artist. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... The Art Institute of Chicago is a fine art museum located in Chicago, Illinois. ... 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1960 calendar). ...

See also

Artists

• Andreas Gursky
• Kazimir Malevich
• Georgia O'Keeffe
• Susan Crile
• Jane Frank
• Yvonne Jacquette
• Nancy Graves
• Everett Warner
• Richard Diebenkorn
• Don Reichert

Andreas Gursky (1955 - ) is a German photographer known for the highly textured feel of his enormous photographs often using a high point of view. ... Self-portrait, 1933 (detail) Kazimir Severinovich Malevich (Russian: , Polish: , Ukrainian transliteration Malevych, German: ), (February 23, 1879 – May 15, 1935) was a painter and art theoretician, pioneer of geometric abstract art and one of the most important members of the Russian avant-garde. ... Georgia Totto OKeeffe (November 15, 1887—March 6, 1986) was an American artist. ... Susan Crile (b. ... The artist Jane Frank (or Jane Schenthal Frank) was born Jane Babette Schenthal on July 25,1918, in Baltimore, Maryland. ... Yvonne Jacquette (born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1934), is an American painter and printmaker known in particular for her depictions of aerial landscapes, especially aerial views of cities. ... Nancy Graves (1940-1995) was an American sculptor, painter, printmaker, and sometimes filmmaker known for her focus on natural phenomena like camels or maps of the moon. ... Everett Warner (July 16, 1877 – October 20, 1963) was an American Impressionist painter and printmaker, who, perhaps more importantly, was also a leading contributor to US Navy camouflage during both World Wars. ... Richard Clifford Diebenkorn, Jr. ... Don Reichert is a Canadian artist. ...

Other related topics

• Aerial perspective
• Aerial photography
• Aerial view
• Bird's-eye view
• Cloudscape (art)
• Cloudscape photography
• Landscape art
• Map
• Top-down perspective

Aerial perspective or atmospheric perspective is the effect on the appearance of an object by the atmosphere between it and a viewer. ... The Georgian terrace of Royal Crescent (Bath, England) from a hot air balloon Dulles Airport in Reston, Virginia, from an airplane Intersection of E42 and E451 from an aircraft soon after takeoff from Frankfurt International Airport Moreton Island in Queensland, Australia Aerial photography is the taking of photographs from the... Rio de Janeiro birds-eye view. ... Rio de Janeiro birds-eye view. ... A cloudscape by Jacob Isaakszoon van Ruysdael. ... An example of cloudscape photography Cloudscape photography is photography showing a view of clouds and sky. ... Landscape art depicts scenery such as mountains, valleys, trees, rivers, and forests. ... A map is a simplified depiction of a space which highlights relations between components (objects, regions) of that space. ... Grand Theft Auto Top-down perspective, also sometimes referred to as birds-eye view or helicopter view, is a view used in computer and video games that shows the player and the area around him or her from above. ...

References

[Please note: these book titles are externally linked to Worldcat's "Find in a library" service. Simply follow their instructions, using your zip code to find a copy of the book in a library near you.]

• Dreikausen, Margret, "Aerial Perception: The Earth as Seen from Aircraft and Spacecraft and Its Influence on Contemporary Art" (Associated University Presses: Cranbury, NJ; London, England; Mississauga, Ontario: 1985) ISBN 0-87982-040-3

• Faberman, Hilarie, "Aerial Muse : The Art of Yvonne Jacquette" (New York : Hudson Hills Press ; Stanford, Calif. : In Association with Iris & B. Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts at Stanford University, 2002) ISBN 1-55595-157-0

• Yoseloff, Thomas, Jane Frank : a Retrospective Exhibition (New York : A.S. Barnes, 1975) [exhibition catalogue] OCLC: 2651512

Cranbury Township is a Township in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem God Save the King (Queen) England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Government Constitutional monarchy  -  Queen Queen Elizabeth II  -  Prime Minister Tony Blair MP Unification  -  by Athelstan 967  Area... For the First Nation, see Mississaugas. ... 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... NY redirects here. ... Stanford may refer: Stanford University Places: Stanford, Kentucky Stanford, California, home of Stanford University Stanford Shopping Center Stanford, New York, town in Dutchess County. ... Stanford University Museum of Art (SUMA) is associated with Stanford University and was established 1891 (simultaneous with the University) by Leland and Jane Stanford. ... Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly known as Stanford University (or simply Stanford), is a private university located approximately 37 miles (60 kilometers) southeast of San Francisco and approximately 20 miles northwest of San José in Stanford, California. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... NY redirects here. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ... OCLC Online Computer Library Center was founded in 1967 and originally named the Ohio College Library Center (OCLC). ...

External links

• Information on Yvonne Jacquette at Askart.com

• Margret Dreikausen page (with color images), at The New School, New York

• "The Aerial View and Art" - essay by Ashley Warriner, from a page at the University of Tennessee website

• COLOR IMAGE of aerial cloudscape painting by Georgia O'Keeffe: "Sky Above Clouds IV" (1965; oil on canvas; 8 x 24 ft.; Art Institute of Chicago)

• COLOR IMAGE of aerial landscape painting by Georgia O'Keeffe: It Was Blue and Green, 1960

• Information on Aerial Paintings by Sandra Kutas

• "Earths Artwork" Aerial photography art by Mike Swaine