| Propositional logic (1386 words) |
 | A Universal affirmative proposition is about two classes and the entire first class (in this case, the class of all politicians) is affirmed to be included in the second class (the class of all men): every member of the first class is also a member of the second class. |
| A particular affirmative proposition does not affirm or deny that all members of the first class are included in the second class; also, it does not imply that “some S are not P”. |
| Thus the subject of a universal affirmative proposition is distributed and the predicate of a universal affirmative (A) proposition is not distributed. |
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