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African Americans have had a tremendous impact on left-wing politics in the United States. From liberalism to progressivism, from communism to socialism, to anarchism, African Americans have been a major part of leftist struggles throughout U.S. history. Image File history File links Created by Edward Deutsch  â€”  File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or simply black), is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... Main article: African American African American history is the history of an ethnic group in the United States also known as black Americans. ... Military history of African Americans is that of African Americans in the United States since the arrival of the first black slaves in 1619 to the present day. ... Slave transport in Africa, from a 19th century engraving The African slave trade dates back thousands of years to Biblical times and continues today unabated in most parts of Africa. ... Jim Crow laws were state and local laws enacted in the Southern and border states of the United States and in force between 1876 and 1964 that restricted access of African-Americans to public facilities. ... A.U.M.P. Church AME Church National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. ... This article is becoming very long. ... Black Jews may refer to a number of different religious and ethnic groups. ... The Black Hebrews (or African Hebrew Israelite Nation of Jerusalem) is a small religious group whose members believe they are descended from the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel. ... The Black Hebrews (or African Hebrew Israelite Nation of Jerusalem) is a small religious group whose members believe they are descended from the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel. ... The Nation of Islam (NOI) is a religious and socio-political organization founded in the United States by Wallace Fard Muhammad in 1930 with a declared aim of resurrecting the spiritual, mental, social, and economic condition of the Black men and women of America and the rest of the world. ... Lukumí or Regla de Ocha, is most widely known as Santeria, (Santería in Spanish) is a set of related religious systems that fuse Catholic beliefs with traditional Yoruba beliefs. ... The Doctrine of Father Divine are the teachings of the late Father Divine (d. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into African American history. ... Martin Luther Kingis perhaps most famous for his I Have a Dream speech, given in front of the Lincoln Memorial during the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom The Civil Rights Movement refers to a set of noted events and reform movements in the United States aimed at... Garveyism is that aspect of Black Nationalism which takes its source from the works, words and deeds of UNIA-ACL founder Marcus Garvey. ... Black nationalism is a political and social movement arising in the 1960s and early 70s mostly among African Americans in the United States. ... This article needs to be wikified. ... Black Conservatism is a political and social movement within African American culture that aligns largely with the American Right, emphasizing patriotism, independence and self-help, Free market and within some circles Christian Right values. ... The Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA) is, according to its 1929 constitution, a social, friendly, humanitarian, charitable, educational, institutional, constructive and expansive society, and is founded by persons desiring to the utmost to work for the general uplift of the people of African ancestry of the... The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), is one of the oldest and most influential civil rights organizations in the United States. ... The United Negro College Fund (UNCF) is a Fairfax, Virginia-based American philanthropic organization that fundraises college tuition money for African-American students and general scholarship funds for 39 historically black colleges and universities. ... Part of the History of baseball in the United States series. ... The Color Purple by Alice Walker African American literature is literature written by, about, and sometimes specifically for African Americans. ... African American studies, or Black studies, is an interdisciplinary academic field devoted to the study of the history, culture, and politics of African Americans. ... African American contemporary issues discusses social concerns as they pertain to African Americans. ... African American art is a broad term describing the visual arts of the American black community. ... African American music (also called black music, formerly known as race music) is an umbrella term given to a range of musical genres emerging from or influenced by the culture of African Americans, who have long constituted a large ethnic minority of the population of the United States. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... African American Vernacular English (AAVE), also called Black English, Black Vernacular, or Black English Vernacular (BEV), is a type variety (dialect, ethnolect and sociolect) of the American English language. ... The Gullah language is a creole language spoken by the Gullah (Geechees), an African American population of African slave ancestry, living mostly in the Sea Islands and the nearby coastal low country region of the U.S. states of South Carolina and Georgia. ... // A creole language, or just creole, is a well-defined and stable language that originated from a non-trivial combination of two or more languages, typically with many distinctive features that are not inherited from either parent. ... This article or section is missing needed references or citation of sources. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... This is a list of landmark legislation and court decisions in the United States concerning African Americans. ... This is an alphabetical list of African-American-related topics: Contents: Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A African American African American contemporary issues African American culture... African Americans, also known as Afro-Americans or black Americans, are an ethnic group in the United States of America whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Sub-Saharan and West Africa. ... In politics, left-wing, the political left or simply The Left are terms that refer to the segment of the political spectrum typically associated with any of several strains of socialism, social democracy or social liberalism, and defined in contradistinction to its polar opposite, the right. ... American liberalism is a political current of modern liberalism in the United States that is descended from classical liberalism in terms of devotion to individual liberty, but rejects absolute free-market economics in favor of an economic system in which the government intervenes where it considers freedom to be threatened... Progressivism is a political philosophy whose adherents promote public policies that they believe would lead to positive social change. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Socialism refers to a broad array of doctrines, and may also refer to political movements that aspire to put these doctrines into practice. ... Anarchism is derived from the Greek ἀναρχία (without archons (ruler, chief, king)). Thus anarchism, in its most general meaning, is the belief that forms of rulership are undesirable and should be abolished. ... Pre-Colonial America For details, see the main Pre-Colonial America article. ...

Like most Leftists, the majority of the African-Americans are in favor of workers rights, pacifism, equality, equal distribution of wealth, and a color-blind society. Far-left groups would include organizations such as the Black Panther Party. Pacifism is the opposition to war or violence as a means of settling disputes. ... Logo of the Black Panther Party. ...

The perspectives held by many Black leftists are typically in contrast with some of the key points in the common social, economic, and political positions that Black conservatives are against. Particularly in regards to reparations for slavery and affirmative action. Black Conservatism is a political and social movement within African American culture that aligns largely with the American Right, emphasizing patriotism, independence and self-help, Free market and within some circles Christian Right values. ... Reparations for slavery is a proposal in the U.S. for the federal government to pay reparation, in various forms, to slave descendants for the transatlantic slave trade. ... This article or section is missing references or citation of sources. ...

Notable African American leftists

Politicians

• Mary McLeod Bethune - first black woman to serve as head of a federal agency.
• Corrine Brown - Congresswoman from Florida
• Elaine Brown - activist, former chairman of the Black Panther Party.
• John Conyers - Congressman from Michigan.
• Cynthia McKinney - Congresswoman from Georgia
• Thurgood Marshall - first African American to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
• Ray Nagin - Mayor of New Orleans.
• Barack Obama - U.S. Senator from Illinois.
• Al Sharpton - political activist and Reverend.
• John F. Street - Mayor of Philadelphia
• Sundiata Xian Tellem - political leader of Green Party National Black Caucus and author.
• Maxine Waters - Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives
• Coleman Young - former mayor of Detroit.

Mary McLeod Bethune For the wife of John Joseph Caldwell Abbott, see Mary Bethune Abbott Mary Jane McLeod Bethune (July 10, 1875–May 18, 1955), born to former slaves a decade after the end of the American Civil War, devoted her life to ensuring the right to education and freedom... Corrine Brown Corrine Brown (born November 11, 1946), American politician, has been a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives since 1993, representing the 3rd District of Florida, in the North-Central part of the state. ... Official language(s) English Capital Tallahassee Largest city Jacksonville Area  Ranked 22nd  - Total 65,794 sq. ... Elaine Brown (born March 2, 1943 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is a prominent African American activist. ... John Conyers John Conyers, Jr. ... Official language(s) None (English, de-facto) Capital Lansing Largest city Detroit Area  Ranked 11th  - Total 265,172 km² / 102,384 sq. ... Photo of Cynthia McKinney from her Congressional web site Cynthia Ann McKinney (born March 17, 1955) is an American politician from the U.S. state of Georgia. ... Thurgood Marshall (July 2, 1908 – January 24, 1993) was an American jurist and the first African American to serve on the Supreme Court of the United States. ... The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C. The Supreme Court Building, Washington, D.C., (large image) The Supreme Court of the United States, located in Washington, D.C., is the highest court (see supreme court) in the United States; that is, it has ultimate judicial authority within the United States... Ray Nagin Clarence Ray Nagin, Jr. ... New Orleans is the largest city in the state of Louisiana, United States of America. ... Barack Hussein Obama, Jr. ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ... Official language(s) English Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq. ... This article or section contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ... John Franklin Street (born December 4, 1945) is the 97th Mayor of the City of Philadelphia. ... Philadelphia is a village located in Jefferson County, New York. ... Tellem, Sundiata Xian Sundiata Xian Tellem (1968- ) an American political leader, human rights activist, and author. ... Maxine Waters Maxine Waters (born August 15, 1938), United States politician, has been a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives since 1991, representing the 35th District of California (map). ... Coleman A. Young, Detroit, 1981 Coleman Alexander Young (1918–1997) served as mayor of Detroit, Michigan from 1974 to 1994. ...

Civil Rights activists

• Angela Davis - Black Panther, ran for Vice President on the Communist Party USA nomination several times.
• Frederick Douglass - abolitionist
• W.E.B. DuBois - civil rights activist, sociologist, historian, writer, editor, poet, freemason, and scholar.
• Louis Farrakhan - Head of the Nation of Islam
• Mumia Abu-Jamal - former Black Panther member, and convicted for allegedly murdering a Philadelphia police officer.
• Jesse Jackson - civil rights activist, head of the Rainbow Coalition.
• Martin Luther King - Famous Nobel Prize winning civil-rights activist.
• Malcolm X - former spokesman for the Nation of Islam.
• Huey P. Newton - co-founder of the Black Panthers.
• Rosa Parks - activist well known for not surrendering her bus seat to a white male.
• A. Philip Randolph - was a Socialist who was active in the labor movement and the US civil rights movement.
• Bobby Seale - co-founder of the Black Panthers.
• Assata Shakur - former Black Panther, convicted for allegedly murdering a New Jersey state trooper. Currently under political asylum in Cuba.
• Al Sharpton

Angela Yvonne Davis (born January 26, 1944) is an American radical activist who was associated with the Black Panther Party in the 1960s and 1970s. ... The Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) is one of several Marxist-Leninist groups in the United States. ... Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglass (February 14, 1818 – February 20, 1895) was an American abolitionist, editor, orator, author, statesman and reformer. ... This article is about the abolition of slavery. ... W. E. B. Du Bois William Edward Burghardt Du Bois (pronounced ) (February 23, 1868 – August 27, 1963) was a civil rights activist, sociologist, educator, historian, writer, editor, poet, and scholar. ... Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan. ... The Nation of Islam (NOI) is a religious and socio-political organization founded in the United States by Wallace Fard Muhammad in 1930 with a declared aim of resurrecting the spiritual, mental, social, and economic condition of the Black men and women of America and the rest of the world. ... This articles section called Court proceedings and controversies surrounding the 1982 trial is missing references or citation of sources. ... Philadelphia is a village located in Jefferson County, New York. ... Jesse Jackson Jesse Louis Jackson (born October 8, 1941) is an American politician, civil rights activist, and Baptist minister. ... The Rainbow Coalition refers to at least three groups. ... The Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr, Ph. ... Sir Edward Appletons medal Photographs of Nobel Prize Medals. ... Malcolm X, (May 19, 1925 – February 21, 1965), born Malcolm Little, also known as Detroit Red, El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz, and Omowale, was a Muslim Minister and National Spokesman for the Nation of Islam. ... The Nation of Islam (NOI) is a religious and socio-political organization founded in the United States by Wallace Fard Muhammad in 1930 with a declared aim of resurrecting the spiritual, mental, social, and economic condition of the Black men and women of America and the rest of the world. ... Huey Newton Huey Percy Newton (February 17, 1942 – August 22, 1989) was co-founder and inspirational leader of the Black Panther Party, a revolutionary Black leftist organization that existed in the 1960s and 70s. ... Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an African American seamstress and civil rights activist whom the U.S. Congress dubbed the Mother of the Modern-Day Civil Rights Movement. Parks is famous for her refusal on December 1, 1955 to obey a bus drivers... Asa Philip Randolph (April 15, 1889 – May 16, 1979) was a socialist in the labor movement and the US civil rights movement. ... Election poster for Eugene V. Debs, Socialist Party of America candidate for President, 1904 The Socialist Party of America was a socialist political party in the United States, the historic American member party of the Socialist International. ... Bobby Seale Bobby Seale (born October 22, 1936) is an American civil rights activist, who along with Huey P. Newton co-founded the Black Panther Party in 1966. ... Assata Shakur (born Joanne Deborah Byron Chesimard July 16, 1947 in New York City) was an activist in the Black Panther Party. ... Official language(s) None, English de facto Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Area  Ranked 47th  - Total 8,729 sq. ... Power lines leading to a trash dump hover just overhead in El Carpio, a Nicaraguan refugee camp in Costa Rica Under international law, a refugee is a person who is outside his/her country of nationality or habitual residence; has a well-founded fear of persecution because of his/her... This article or section contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ...

Media

• Chuck D - Air America radio commentator.
• Gia'na Garell - Air America radio commentator.
• Tom Joyner - radio show host
• Margaret Kimberly - political writer.

Cover of Autobiography of Mistachuck Carlton Douglas Chuck D Ridenhour, (born on August 1, 1960) is a rapper, composer, actor, author, radio personality and producer. ... This article lacks information on the importance of the subject matter. ... Tom Joyner (born 1949) is an African-American talk radio host. ...

Entertainers

• Charles Barkley - former NBA player.
• Harry Belafonte - Musician
• Jim Brown - Former actor and football running back.
• Dave Chappelle - Comedian
• Laurence Fishburne - Actor
• Marvin Gaye - Soul musician
• Danny Glover - Actor
• Spike Lee - Movie producer
• Prince - Musician
• Sidney Poitier - Actor
• Richard Pryor - Comedian
• Chris Rock - Comedian
• Tupac Shakur - Rap artist
• John Singleton - Movie producer
• Wesley Snipes - Actor
• Kanye West - Rapper
• Stevie Wonder - Soul musician