This article or section deals primarily with the United States and does not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please improve this article or discuss the issue on the talk page.

North America is surrounded by an area called the Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ), which is jointly administered by the United States and Canada. This area, which is almost exclusively over water, serves as a national defense boundary for air traffic. Any aircraft that wishes to fly in or through the boundary must file either a Defense Visual Flight Rules (DVFR) flight plan or an Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) flight plan before crossing the ADIZ. The pilot must have a transponder and a two-way radio while approaching and crossing the ADIZ. In the U.S., the FAA handles these requests; Transport Canada handles Canadian requests. Any aircraft flying in these zones without authorization may be identified as a threat and treated as enemy military aircraft. This has not yet occurred, although even civilian aircraft making a simple mistake will be intercepted by military fighter aircraft and forced to land. Image File history File links Gnome-globe. ... World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ... An Airbus A380, currently the worlds largest passenger airliner An aircraft is any vehicle or craft capable of atmospheric flight. ...   FAA redirects here. ... Transport Canada is the department within the government of Canada which is responsible for developing regulations, policies and services of transportation in Canada. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Washington D.C. ADIZ

The neutrality of this article is disputed. Please see the discussion on the talk page.

The temporary ADIZ around the District of Columbia.

In 2003 the U.S. created a temporary ADIZ around the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area as a response to the September 11, 2001 attacks. The concept is to create a restricted zone for air traffic near strategically sensitive locations in the District of Columbia, such as the White House. This temporary ADIZ has created tension between the government and the pilots that fly in and around the ADIZ. Despite efforts by the FAA to inform pilots of the ADIZ there are still many unauthorized incursions by unsuspecting pilots. Many times the unfortunate pilot will get a military escort consisting of a Coast Guard HH-65C helicopter or a F-16 fighter jet to the nearest airport, followed by suspension and/or revocation of the pilot's certificates. There have been two highly publicized mishaps inside this ADIZ that led to the evacuation of the Capitol. One involved a plane carrying the Governor of Kentucky. The other, almost a year later, involved a Cessna 150 flown by a student pilot accompanied by a pilot who was not familiar with the ADIZ rules, using an outdated chart. Following this incident in 2005 Congress began considering legislation to make this ADIZ and other remaining post 9/11 temporary restrictions permanent. Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ... DC ADIZ File links The following pages link to this file: Air Defense Identification Zone Categories: Public domain images ... DC ADIZ File links The following pages link to this file: Air Defense Identification Zone Categories: Public domain images ... It has been suggested that Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV MSA be merged into this article or section. ... A sequential look at United Flight 175 crashing into the south tower of the World Trade Center The September 11, 2001 attacks (often referred to as 9/11—pronounced nine eleven or nine one one) consisted of a series of coordinated terrorist[1] suicide attacks upon the United States, predominantly... Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United... North façade of the White House, seen from Pennsylvania Avenue. ... The F-16 Fighting Falcon is a modern multi-role jet fighter aircraft built in the United States and used by dozens of countries all over the world. ... The United States Capitol The United States Capitol is the capitol building that serves as the location for the United States Congress, the legislative branch of the U.S. federal government. ... Ernest Lee Fletcher (born November 12, 1952) has served as governor of the Commonwealth of Kentucky since 2003. ... Cessna 150s produced before 1964, such as this 1962 Cessna 150B, had square fins and no rear window A 1965 Cessna 150E. The 1964 model 150D and the 150E had an Omni-Vision rear window, but retained the square fin of the earlier 150 1965 Cessna 150E 1967 Cessna F150G... The date that commonly refers to the attacks on United States citizens on September 11, 2001 (see the September 11, 2001 Attacks). ...

Within the ADIZ is an even more sensitive zone designated the Washington DC Metropolitan Area Flight Restricted Zone (DC FRZ). The DC FRZ extends approximately 13-15 nautical miles (15-17 statute miles) around the VOR/DME located at the Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport. Flight within the FRZ is restricted to governmental, certain scheduled commercial and a limited set of waivered flights. Three general aviation airports (known as the "Maryland 3" or the "DC 3") are located inside the DC FRZ. The "Maryland 3" are College Park Airport (CGS), Washington Executive/Hyde Field (W32), and Potomac Airport (VKX). The status of College Park Airport's claim to being "the oldest continuously operating airport in the world" has come in to question as a result of these restrictions. D-VOR (Doppler VOR) ground station, co-located with DME. VOR, short for VHF Omni-directional Radio Range, is a type of radio navigation system for aircraft. ... D-VOR/DME ground station Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) is a transponder-based radio navigation technology that measures distance by timing the propagation delay of VHF or UHF radio signals. ...

The official entry and exit reference points for the ADIZ.

To operate an aircraft within the DC ADIZ a pilot must: (1) file a flight plan, (2) establish and maintain radio communications, and (3) Transmit (“squawk”) a discrete mode-C transponder code assigned by Potomac Traffic Control, that reports altitude to air traffic controllers. It is not necessary to obtain a Class Bravo airspace clearance to operate within the ADIZ; ADIZ operations are distinct and separate from any airspace clearances a pilot may receive, however a discrete transponder code is required to operate within the ADIZ, with or without a separate airspace clearance. A pilot may not, under any circumstances, squawk 1200 (VFR) within the ADIZ. An ADIZ flight plan must list one of the nine reference points as either the destination (if leaving the ADIZ) or the origin (if entering the ADIZ). Although, the NOTAM clearly states that explicit clearance is not required to enter the ADIZ once two-way communication is established and the pilot has set the discrete transponder code issued by Potomac Approach; in practice explicit clearance should always be obtained from Potamac Approach before entering the ADIZ to avoid any unpleasant events. Note: you do not have to fly to any of these nine reference points. Just pick the one closest to your desired flight path. While some of the nine reference points are obvious landmarks (e.g. ESN is Easton Airport) others like MAPEL and GOLDA are not even shown on the Baltimore Terminal chart. All nine are only shown on an IFR Low Altitude Chart and are official waypoints and should be in the Jeppesen database of an aviation GPS receiver or Flight Management System (FMS). Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... ESN Electronic Serial Number refers to a 32-bit control number used for cell phone activation in wireless carrier networks. ... Flag Seal Nickname: Monument City, Charm City, Mob Town, B-more Motto: Get In On It (formerly The City That Reads and The Greatest City in America; BELIEVE is not the official motto but rather a specific campaign) Location Location of Baltimore in Maryland Coordinates , Government Country State County United... in-flight refueling Instrument flight rules Interface Repository Integral Fast Reactor This page concerning a three-letter acronym or abbreviation is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Jeppesen (also known as Jeppesen Sanderson) is an American company that specialises in aeronautical charting and navigation services, flight planning, pilot supplies and aviation training. ... Over fifty GPS satellites such as this NAVSTAR have been launched since 1978. ... A Flight Managment System is a little computer onboard almost every aircraft that will guide the aircraft to it designated destination. ...

An alternative to dealing with Potomac Approach is to enter ADIZ between Marine Corps Air Facility Quantico (Airport code NYG) and Brooke VOR (BRV) below 3000'. As Quantico's airspace intersects the boundary of the ADIZ, Quantico ATC has the authority to issue discrete transponder codes. A pilot should keep in mind that Quantico ATC has limited hours of operations during the week, and is closed most weekends. When Quantico is closed, Potomac Approach must be contacted in the usual fashion. The New York Giants are a National Football League team originating in New York City, but currently based in New Jersey. ...

Pilots' groups, led by the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA), have argued that the ADIZ is unnecessary and has a harmful effect on the economy of small airports and aviation-related businesses in and near the ADIZ. Pilots involved in law enforcement have described the ADIZ as a "major, unnecessary burden on pilots and air traffic controllers with almost no increased security benefit." [1] AOPA and other groups are hoping to persuade Congress to lift or ease the ADIZ restrictions from Washington airspace -- or at the very least to dramatically improve its operational aspects. Many have complained that the current situation creates operational and safety problems for pilots, leading to decreased safety and security overall. The Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) is a not-for-profit organization whose membership consists mainly of general aviation pilots in the United States. ... The Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) is a not-for-profit organization whose membership consists mainly of general aviation pilots in the United States. ...

In 2006 the FAA issued an NPRM [2] docket number 17005 concerning making the temporary rules permanent. Over 20,000 responses were received the vast majority of them in opposition to making the temporary rules permanent. There were two public hearings held by the FAA in the Washington D.C. area on the NPRM. All speakers were opposed to making the NPRM permanent. The FAA published transcripts of the public hearings. [3] [4] The transcripts were later withdrawn from the public as they were alleged to contain Sensitive Security Information.

Allegedly, the reason for this was that one pilot pointed out that a terrorist could fly to Dulles International Airport, make a right-hand turn at the last minute, and be over downtown Washington, D.C. in four minutes. [5]

The ADIZ and operational procedures have been discussed in depth on two Washington DC area email lists, DCPilots (http://www.dcpilots.org/), and DCPilots-Yahoo (http://www.dcpilots.net/). AOPA has also posted operational procedures, and provides online training through the Air Safety Foundation. Flag Seal Nickname: DC, The District Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Location Location of Washington, D.C., with regard to the surrounding states of Maryland and Virginia. ... The Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) is a not-for-profit organization whose membership consists mainly of general aviation pilots in the United States. ...

External links

• http://tfr.faa.gov - More information about Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFR) and ADIZ
• http://www.faa.gov/ATpubs/AIM/Chap5/aim0506.html - Intercept procedures
• http://www.aopa.org/adiz/adiz.html - Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association online ADIZ course