The Ais, or Ays were a tribe of Native Americans that inhabited the Atlantic Coast of Florida. They ranged from present day Cape Canaveral to the St. Lucie River Inlet, in the present day counties of Brevard, Indian River, and St. Lucie. They lived in villages and towns along the shores of the great lagoon called Rio de Ais by the Spanish, and now called the Indian River. Native Americans is a term which has several different common meanings and scope, according to regional use and context. ... State nickname: Sunshine State Other U.S. States Capital Tallahassee Largest city Jacksonville (largest metropolitan area is Miami) Governor Jeb Bush (R) Senators Bill Nelson (D) Mel Martinez (R) Official language(s) English Area 170,451 km² (22nd)  - Land 137,374 km²  - Water 30,486 km² (17. ... Location in the state of Florida Formed 1844 Seat Titusville Area  - Total  - Water 4,032 km² (1,557 mi²) 1,395 km² (539 mi²) 34. ... Indian River County is a county located in the U.S. state of Florida. ... St. ... Indian River is the name, or part of the name, of several geographical features and locations in the United States of America and Canada: Rivers The Indian River (Florida) is part of the intracoastal waterway on the Atlantic coast of central Florida. ...

Observations on the appearance, diet and customs of the Ais at the end of the 17th Century are found in Jonathan Dickinson's Journal. Dickinson and his party were shipwrecked, and spent several weeks among the Ais in 1696. By Dickinson's account, the chief of the town of Jece, near present day Vero Beach, was paramount to all of the coastal towns from the Jaega town of Jobe (at Jupiter Inlet) in the south to approximately Cape Canaveral in the north (that is, the length of the River of Ais). Vero Beach has been the Spring training home of the Los Angeles Dodgers since 1948 Vero Beach is a city located in Indian River County, Florida. ... Cape Canaveral from space, August 1991 Cape Canaveral is a strip of land in Brevard County, Florida, United States, near the center of that states Atlantic coast. ...

The Ais had considerable contact with Europeans by this time. Spain had established some control over the coast, with the Ais regarding the Spanish as comerradoes and non-Spanish Europeans as enemies. A number of Ais men knew a little Spanish, and a patrol of Spanish soldiers from St. Augustine arrived in Jece while the Dickinson party was there. There was one man in Jece who had been taken away on an English ship to work as a diver on a wreck east of Cuba. He got away when the ship put in for water in Cuba, and had made his way back to his home via Havana and St. Augustine. The Ais had many European artifacts from ship wrecks. As there was a group from another English shipwreck in Jece when the Dickinson party reached the town, it may be presumed that European African survivors of shipwrecks were fairly common along the coast. There was also some trade with St. Augustine. Dickinson reports that one man of Jece had approximately five pounds of ambergris, and that he "boasted that when he went for Augustine with that, he would purchase of the Spaniards a looking-glass, an axe, a knife or two, and three or four mannocoes (which is about five or six pounds) of tobacco." (p. 43) Europe forms the westernmost part of Eurasia. ... Five flags have flown over St. ... This article is about the Cuban city. ... Ambergris (Ambra grisea, Ambre gris, or grey amber), a solid, fatty, flammable substance of a dull grey or blackish colour, the shades being variegated like marble, possessing a peculiar sweet, earthy odour not unlike isopropyl alcohol. ...

Diet

Dickinson stated that the Ais "neither sow nor plant any manner of thing whatsoever" (p. 36), but fished and gathered palmetto, cocoplum and seagrape berries. Dickinson described the fishing technique of the neighboring Jaega people of Jobe thus: The Palmetto is also a passenger rail line run by Amtrak as part of their Silver Service and Palmetto service. ... Binomial name Coccoloba uvifera (L.) L. The Seagrape is a sprawling bush or small tree that is found near sea beaches throughout tropical America and the Caribbean, including southern Florida. ...

[T]he Casseekey [of Jobe] ... sent his son with his stiking staff to the inlet to strike fish for us; which was performed with great dexterity; for some of us walked down with him, and though we looked very earnestly when he threw his staff from him could not see a fish at which time he saw it, and brought it onshore on the end of his staff. Sometimes he would run swiftly pursuing a fish, and seldom missed when he darted at him. In two hours time he got as many fish as would serve twenty men[.] (p. 13)

The Ais boiled their fish, and ate them from 'platters' of palmetto leaf: A cacique is a tribal chief in Latin America, particularly of the Spanish West Indies from the 16th century. ...

About noon was some fish brought us on small palmetto leaves, being boiled with scales, head and gills, and nothing taken from then but the gut[.] (p. 25)

Dickinson also recorded a gift of clams to his wife:

This day the Cassekey [of Jece] ... made presents to some of us, especially to my wife; he gave her a parcel of shellfish, which are known by the name of clams; one or two he roasted and gave her, showing that she must serve the rest so, and eat them. (pp. 25-6)

The Ais dried some of the berries they gathered for future use:

This week we observed that great baskets of dried berries were brought in from divers towns and delivered to the king or Young Caseekey [of Jece.] (p. 39)

Dickinson does not say anything about the Ais hunting, but they did use deer skins, and the neighboring Jaega people of Jobe gave the Dickinson party a hog they had killed.

Clothing

Dickinson describes the apparel of the Ais men as

being a piece of platwork of straws wrought of divers colors and of a triangular figure, with a belt of four fingers broad of the same wrought together, which goeth about the waist and the angle of the other having a thing to it, coming between the legs, and strings to the end of the belt; all three meeting together are fastened behind by a horsetail, or a bunch of silkgrass exactly resembling it, of a flaxen color, this being all of the apparel or covering that the men wear. (pp.23-4)

He has little to say on how the women dressed, recording only that his wife and female slaves were given "raw deer skins" with which to cover themselves after their European clothing had been taken away.

Housing

Dickinson states that the town of Jece "stood about half a mile from the seashore within the land on the sound, being surrounded with a swamp, in which grew white mangrove trees, which hid the town from the sea." (p. 29).

Dickinson describes the Cacique's house in Santa Lucea as "about forty foot long and twenty-five foot wide, covered with palmetto leaves both top and sides. There was a range of cabins, or a barbecue on one side and two ends. At the entering on one side of the house a passage was made of benches on each side leading to the cabins." (p. 23) A cacique is a tribal chief in Latin America, particularly of the Spanish West Indies from the 16th century. ...

References

• Article on Ais Indians
• Let us Alone. 1983. William R. Ervin. ISBN 0-915447-00-2
• Melbourne and Eau Gallie. Karen Raley and Ann Raley Flotte. Arcadia Publishing. 2002.
• Andrews, Charles Mclean and Andrews, Evangeline Walker (1945). Jonathan Dickinson's Journal or, God's Protecting Providence. Being the Narrative of a Journey from Port Royal in Jamaica to Philadelphia between August 23, 1696 to April 1, 1697. Yale University Press. Reprinted (1981) Florida Classics Library.