AJAW is the title in the Mayan language of the King of a Precolumbian city state of the Maya people on the (now Mexican) Yucatan peninsula (explicitely attested in Palenque and in Tikal) and in neighbouring Central America, in Guatemala and Belize (the former British Honduras). The word Maya or maya can refer to: The Maya – a Native American people of southern Mexico and northern Central America the modern Maya people the pre-Columbian Maya civilization the Maya language Maya – a concept in Hindu/Vedic philosophy a state of misperception of reality the inherent force of...
No connection with the Arabic word Ajawīd (a religious leader of the Druze)
Ajaw is a political kingship title attested from the epigraphic inscriptions of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization, with a meaning variously interpreted as "lord", "ruler", "king" or "leader".
"Ajaw" is the modernised orthography, as per the standard revision of Mayan orthography put forward in 1994 by the Guatemalan Acadamia de Lenguas Mayas, and now widely adopted by Mayanist scholars.
"Ajaw" is also the name of the 20th named-day in the tzolk'in portion of the Maya calendar.
The repetition of these interlocking 13- and 20-day cycles therefore took 260 days to complete (that is, for every possible combination of number/named day to occur once).
Only one day in one calendar system has to be firmly established in the other to be able to translate all dates in one system to the other.
The commonly-established way of expressing the correlation between the Maya calendar and the Gregorian or Julian calendars is to give the offset in days from the start of the Julian Period to the Maya creation on 13.0.0.0.0 4 Ajaw 8 Kumk'u.
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