The Akademio Internacia de la Sciencoj San Marino (AIS) or International Academy of Sciences San Marino is a scientific association of universitarian character. It was established in 1983 and had its first convention, SUS 1, around New Year 1984 at San Marino City. After the sanmarinian skeleton law on higher education had been passed the academy was officially founded on September 13, 1985, in the presence of the capitani reggenti ("captains-regent", heads of state). 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Map showing the 9 castelli of San Marino. ... September 13 is the 256th day of the year (257th in leap years). ... 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

History

The AIS was founded on an initiative of scientist from various countries, such as Helmar Frank, Humphrey Tonkin, and Reinhard Selten. Humphrey R Tonkin (1939-) is professor of English, president emeritus of the University of Hartford in Connecticut, and a dedicated Esperantist. ... Reinhard Selten (born October 5, 1930) is a German economist. ...

The sanmarinian government at first gave the academy broad moral support. When, however, the università degli studi was founded at San Marino in 1988, it gained priority over the AIS, which then concentrated on working abroad from San Marino. Conventions and summer schools were held in Bulgaria, Corea, the Czech Republic, Germany, France, Italy, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia and Sweden. Several of these countries granted the AIS the right to hold academic exams and grant the academic degrees of bachelor (baccalaureatus/a), master (magister/magistra), PhD (doctor), and lecturer (doctor habilitatus). These exams are always held during an academic convention, called SUS (Sanmarineca Universitata Sesio = Sanmarinian University Session). 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Summer school is a program, generally sponsored by a school or a school district, that teaches students during the summer vacation. ... Korea is a formerly unified country, situated on the Korean Peninsula in north East Asia adjacent to China in the west and Russia in the north. ... A bachelor is a man above the age of majority who has never been married (see single). ... Look up master in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... PhD usually refers to the academic title Doctor of Philosophy PhD can also refer to the manga Phantasy Degree This is a disambiguation page — a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ...

Structure

AIS consists of six faculties. Its structure follows a strictly philosophical system, based on tro criteria:

• The basic approach used by a scientific discipline, either idiographic (descriptive) or nomothetic (predictive), as proposed by Wilhelm Windelband;
• The position of the object of scientific research in the "three worlds" of Karl Popper: the outer world as perceived sensually, the mental world and the world of abstractions.

This leads to a division into six sections: Wilhelm Windelband (1848 - 1915) was a German philosopher of the Baden School. ... Popperian cosmology is Karl Poppers philosophical theory of reality that includes three interacting worlds, called World 1, World 2 and World 3. ... Sir Karl Raimund Popper, CH, MA, Ph. ...

Beside its scientific sector the AIS consists of an artistic and an applied sector, and a supporting sector. These three sectors do not at present have a teaching program of their own. The artistic and the applied sector sometimes contribute to the scientific sector's conventions and summer schools.

Principles

The AIS is based on three principles that its member see insufficiently supported in other universities:

1. The absence of any cultural and linguistic bias not only in scientific content but also in the teaching of this content. In order to achieve this goal as far as possible the AIS holds its conventions and summer schools in a neutral language, at present using Esperanto. Students write their thesis in two parallel languages, in Esperanto and a second language of their choise (usualy their native language). Research papers, too, are often written in two languages, to reduce influence of language on the paper's logic.
2. Studying in several places. Students are encouraged to spend part of their studies abroad, or at least at an AIS summer school, so as to get in contact with other cultures.
3. Interdisciplinarity, intense contact and scientific exchange between the faculties and scientific branches. To achieve this, other faculties must be represented in examination committees, and students get maximum freedom in choosing their minors.

A bias is a prejudice in a general or specific sense, usually in the sense for having a preference to one particular point of view or ideological perspective. ... Look up Esperanto in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up thesis in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Native Language Music, founded in 1996 by musicians Joe Sherbanee and Theo Bishop, is an independent adult contemporary record company based in Southern California that produces, markets, and distributes premium jazz, world, and new age music. ... Interdisciplinarity is a type of academic collaboration in which specialists drawn from two or more academic disciplines work together in pursuit of common goals. ...

Members

In 2006 the AIS consists of about 250 scientists, among them a little less than 50 full members, including co-founder Reinhard Selten. Mikhail Gorbachev is a member of the applied sector. Reinhard Selten (born October 5, 1930) is a German economist. ... Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov ( , Mihail Sergeevič Gorbačëv, IPA: , commonly written as Mikhail Gorbachev; born March 2, 1931) was leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991. ...

Some 300 scientists contribute to the AIS as members of the "International Scientic College" (Internacia Scienca Kolegio, ISK). They are not active in teaching for the AIS but are available for opinions on theses and similar tasks. Knowledge of Esperanto is a precondition for membership in the ISK (as well as the AIS).

External links

• [1] The AIS web site