NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Al Fayyum Governorate

Al Fayyum (Arabic: ألفيوم ) is one of the governorates of Egypt located in the centre of the country. Its capital is Al Fayyum. Arabic (; , less formally, ) is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic. ... Egypt is divided into 26 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah): Ad Daqahliyah Al Bahr al Ahmar Al Buhayrah Al Fayyum Al Gharbiyah Al Iskandariyah Al Ismailiyah Al Jizah Al Minufiyah Al Minya Al Qahirah Al Qalyubiyah Al Wadi al Jadid Ash Sharqiyah As Suways Aswan Asyut Bani Suwayf Bur Sa... Al Fayyum is one of the governorates of Egypt located in the centre of the country. ...

Having an area of 490 mile² (1,270 km²), Al Fayyum is an oasis and a distinctive region in character between the main Nile Valley and other desert oases: its fields are watered by a channel of the Nile, the Bahr Yussef, as it drains into a desert depression to the west of the Nile Valley. The Bahr Yussef veers west through a narrow neck of land north of Ihnasya, between the archaeological sites of Lahun and Gurob near Hawara; it then branches out, providing rich agricultural land in the Fayyum basin, draining into the large saltwater Fayyum lake; the lake was freshwater in prehistory, known as Lake Moeris. The capital of Fayyum, Medinet-Al-Fayyum, is 81 mi (130 km) southwest of Cairo. The Fayyum proper is an oasis in the Libyan Desert, its eastern border being about 15 mi west of the Nile. Oasis in the Libyan part of the Sahara In geography, an oasis is an isolated area of vegetation in a desert, typically surrounding a spring or similar water source. ... ... For alternative meanings of Nile, see Nile (disambiguation) The Nile (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ù†ÙŠÙ„ an-nÄ«l), in Africa, is one of the two longest rivers on Earth. ... The Bahr Yussef, which roughly translates from Arabic as the waterway of Joseph, is a canal which connects the Nile River with Fayyum in Egypt. ... The Pyramid of Amenemhet III at Hawara, viewed from the east Amenemhet III was the last powerful ruler of the 12th Dynasty, and the pyramid he built at Hawara, in the Faiyum, is believed to post-date the so-called Black Pyramid built by the same ruler at Dahshur. ... Lake Moeris was an ancient lake located in the Fayum depression, 80 km southwest of Cairo in Egypt. ... Cairo (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ù‚Ø§Ù‡Ø±Ø©; transliterated: al-QÄhirah) is the capital city of Egypt (and previously the United Arab Republic) and has a metropolitan area population of approximately 15. ... Libyan Desert The Libyan Desert is an African desert that is located in the northern and eastern part of the Sahara Desert and occupies southwestern Egypt, eastern Libya and northwestern Sudan. ... For alternative meanings of Nile, see Nile (disambiguation) The Nile (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ù†ÙŠÙ„ an-nÄ«l), in Africa, is one of the two longest rivers on Earth. ...

Southwest of the Fayyum, and forming part of the governorate, is the Gharak depression. Another depression, entirely barren, the Wadi Rayan, covering 280 mile² (725 km²), lies west of the Gharak. The whole region is below sea-level, and, except for the gap mentioned, is encircled by the Libyan hills. The lowest part of the province, the north-west end, is occupied by the Birket ci Kerun, or Lake of the Horns, whose surface level is 140 ft (43 m) below sea-level. The lake covers about 78 mile² (200 km²)

Differing from the typical oasis, whose fertility depends on water obtained from springs, the cultivated land in the Fayyum is formed of Nile mud brought down by the Bahr Yusuf. From this channel, 15 mile (24 km) in length from Lahun, at the entrance of the gap in the hills, to Medina, several canals branch off and by these the province is irrigated, the drainage water flowing into the Birket ci Kerun. Over 400 mile² (1,000 km²) of the Fayyum is cultivated, the chief crops being cereals and cotton. The completion of the Aswan Low Dam by ensuring a fuller supply of water enabled 20,000 acres (80 km²) of land, previously unirrigated and untaxed, to be brought under cultivation in the three years 1903-1905. Three crops are obtained in twenty months. The province is noted for its figs and grapes, the figs being of exceptional quality. Olives are also cultivated. Rose trees are very numerous and most of the attar of roses of Egypt is manufactured in the province. The Fayum also possesses an excellent breed of sheep. Lake Kerun abounds in fish, notably the bulti (Nile carp), of which considerable quantities are sent to Cairo. Cereal crops are mostly grasses cultivated for their edible seeds (actually a fruit called a caryopsis). ... Cotton plant as imagined and drawn by John Mandeville in the 14th century Cotton is a soft fiber that grows around the seeds of the cotton plant (Gossypium spp. ... Aswan is a city on the first cataract of the Nile in Egypt. ... Species About 800, including: Ficus altissima Ficus americana Ficus aurea Ficus benghalensis- Indian Banyan Ficus benjamina- Weeping Fig Ficus broadwayi Ficus carica- Common Fig Ficus citrifolia Ficus coronata Ficus drupacea Ficus elastica Ficus godeffroyi Ficus grenadensis Ficus hartii Ficus lyrata Ficus macbrideii Ficus macrophylla- Moreton Bay Fig Ficus microcarpa- Chinese... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Binomial name Olea europaea L. The Olive (Olea europaea) is a species of small tree in the family Oleaceae, native to coastal areas of the eastern Mediterranean region, from Syria and the maritime parts of Asia Minor and northern Iran at the south end of the Caspian Sea. ... Species About 100, see text A rose is a flowering shrub of the genus Rosa and the flower of this shrub. ... Species See text. ... Atlantic herring, Clupea harengus: the most abundant species of fish in the world. ...

Medinet Al-Fayyum (or Medina), the capital of the province, is a great agricultural center, with a population that increased from 26,000 in 1882 to 37,320 in 1907, and has several large bazaars, mosques, baths and a much-frequented weekly market. The Bahr Yusuf runs through the town, its banks lined with houses. There are two bridges over the stream: one of three arches, which carries the main street and bazaar, and one of two arches over which is built the Kait Bey mosque. Mounds north of the town mark the site of Arsinoe, known to the ancient Greeks as Crocodilopolis, where in ancient times the sacred crocodile kept in the Lake of Moeris was worshipped. Besides Medina there are several other towns in the province, among them Senuris and Tomia to the north of Medina and Senaru and Auuksa on the road to the lake. There are also, especially in the neighborhood of the lake, many ruins of ancient villages and cities. The Fayum is the site of Lake Moeris of the ancient Egyptians, a lake of which Birket ci Kerun is the shrunken remnant. Yeni Camii (the New Mosque), one of the landmarks of Ä°stanbul A mosque is a place of worship for followers of the Islamic faith. ... Arsinoe was a town in ancient Egypt that was the most significant centre for the cult of Sobek, a crocodile-god. ... Ancient Greece is the term used to describe the Greek-speaking world in ancient times. ... Genera Crocodylus Osteolaemus Tomistoma See full taxonomy. ... Lake Moeris was an ancient lake located in the Fayum depression, 80 km southwest of Cairo in Egypt. ...

History

See Predynastic Egypt for a history including the Al Fayyum leading up to the protodynastic. The Predynastic Period of Egypt (prior to 3100 BC) is the period that culminates in the rise of the Old Kingdom and the first of the thirty dynasties based on royal residences, by which Egyptologists divide the history of pharaonic civilization using a schedule laid out first by Manethos... The Protodynastic Period of Egypt refers to the period of time at the very end of the Predynastic Period. ...

The Fayyum was known to the Ancient Egyptians as the twenty-first nome of Upper Egypt, Atef-Pehu ("Northern Sycamore"). In Pharaonic times its capital was Shedyt, called by the Greeks Crocodilopolis and refounded by Ptolemy II as Arsinoe. The nomes of Ancient Egypt A nome (Greek: district) is a subnational administrative division of Ancient Egypt. ... Map of Upper and Lower Egypt Ancient Egypt was divided into two kingdoms, known as Upper and Lower Egypt. ... Head of Ptolemy II Philadelphus (309-246 BC), with Arsinoë II. Ptolemy II Philadelphus (309-246 BC), was of a delicate constitution, no Macedonian warrior-chief of the old style. ... Arsinoe was a town in ancient Egypt that was the most significant centre for the cult of Sobek, a crocodile-god. ...

This region has the earliest evidence for farming in Egypt and was a center of royal pyramid and tomb-building in the Twelfth dynasty of the Middle Kingdom, and again in the Ptolemaic Period. The Fayyum became the breadbaskets of the Roman world. There is evidence of ancient Egyptian pharaohs of the twelfth dynasty using the natural lake of the Fayyum as a reservoir to store surpluses of water for use during the dry seasons. Ancient visitors reported the appearance of "an artificial excavation, as reported by classic geographers and travellers" (CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Egypt: I. GENERAL DESCRIPTION: Flora and Agriculture). Known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the Twelfth Dynasty. ... The Middle Kingdom is: a old name for China a period in the History of Ancient Egypt, the Middle Kingdom of Egypt This is a disambiguation page â€” a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Ptolemy, one of Alexander the Greats generals, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexanders death in 323 BC. In 305 BC he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as Soter (saviour). ... Ancient Egypt was a civilization located along the Lower Nile, reaching from the Nile Delta in the north to as far south as Jebel Barkal at the time of its greatest extension (15th century BC). ... Pharaoh (Arabic ÙØ±Ø¹ÙˆÙ† ) (Hebrew ×¤Ö¼Ö·×¨Ö°×¢Ö¹×” ); is a title used to refer to the kings (of godly status) in ancient Egypt. ... Known rulers, in the History of Egypt, for the Twelfth Dynasty. ... A geographer is a crazy psycho whose area of study is geocrap, the pseudoscientific study of Earths physical environment and human habitat and the study of boring students to death. ... A traveller (American English traveler) is a person or an object travelling between two or more locations. ...

For the first three centuries AD, the people of the Fayyum and elsewhere in Roman Egypt not only embalmed their dead but also placed a portrait of the deceased over the face of the mummy wrappings, shroud or case. Preserved by the dry desert environment, these Fayyum portraits make up the richest body of portraiture to have survived antiquity. They provide us with a window into a remarkable society of peoples of mixed origins —Greeks, Egyptians, Romans, Syrians, Libyans and others — that flourished 2,000 years ago in the Fayyum. Portrait of a young woman, A.D. 110–20 Encaustic on wood; 43. ...

In the late first millennium AD, the arable area shrank, and settlements around the edge of the basin were abandoned. These sites include some of the best-preserved from the late Roman Empire, notably Karanis, and from the Byzantine and early Islamic Periods, though recent redevelopment has greatly reduced the archaeological features. For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ... Byzantine Empire (Greek: ) is the term conventionally used since the 19th century to describe the Greek-speaking Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... Islam (Arabic: ; ( (helpÂ· info)), submission (to the will of God)) is a monotheistic faith, considered one of the Abrahamic religions, and the worlds second-largest religion. ...

References

EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica, the 11th edition The EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910â€“1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

Egypt is divided into 26 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah): Ad Daqahliyah Al Bahr al Ahmar Al Buhayrah Al Fayyum Al Gharbiyah Al Iskandariyah Al Ismailiyah Al Jizah Al Minufiyah Al Minya Al Qahirah Al Qalyubiyah Al Wadi al Jadid Ash Sharqiyah As Suways Aswan Asyut Bani Suwayf Bur Sa... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Ad Daqahliyah is an Egyptian governorate lying northeast of Cairo. ... Al Bahr al Ahmar0 is one of the governorates of Egypt. ... Al Buhayrah (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ø¨ØÙŠØ±Ù‡ ) is one of the governorates of Egypt. ... Al Gharbiyah (Arabic: Ø§Ù„ØºØ±Ø¨ÙŠÙ‡ ) is one of the governorates of Egypt. ... Al Iskandariyah (Alexandria) (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ø¥Ø³ÙƒÙ†Ø¯Ø±ÙŠØ©) is one of the governorates of Egypt, located in the north of the country, lying directly on the Mediterranean Sea which makes it one of the most important harbours in Egypt. ... Al Ismailiyah (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ø¥Ø³Ù…Ø§Ø¹ÙŠÙ„ÙŠÙ‡ ) is one of the governorates of Egypt. ... Giza (Arabic, الجيزة, transliterated al-ǧīzah; pronounced in Egyptian Arabic dialect of Cairo al-Gīza; also sometimes rendered in English as Gizeh, Ghizeh, or Geezeh) is a town in Egypt on the left bank of the Nile river, across from the old city of Cairo, and now part of the... Categories: Africa geography stubs | Governorates of Egypt ... Al Minya (Arabic: Ù…ØØ§ÙØ¸Ø© Ø§Ù„Ù…Ù†ÙŠØ§ ) is one of the governorates of Upper Egypt. ... For other uses, see Cairo (disambiguation). ... Categories: Africa geography stubs | Governorates of Egypt ... See also the Luxor Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA Statue of Ramses II Luxor is a city in Upper (southern) Egypt. ... Al Wadi al Jadid (Arabic: Ø§Ù„ÙˆØ§Ø¯Ù‰ Ø§Ù„Ø¬Ø¯ÙŠØ¯ ) (English: New Vally) is one of the governorates of Egypt. ... Ash Sharqiyah is one of the governorates of Egypt. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Asyut (Arabic: Ø§Ø³ÙŠÙˆØ· ) is one of the governorates of Egypt. ... Categories: Africa geography stubs | Governorates of Egypt | Cities in Egypt ... Bur Said (Arabic: Ù…ØØ§ÙØ¸Ø© Ø¨ÙˆØ± Ø³Ø¹ÙŠØ¯ ) is one of the governorates of Egypt. ... Dumyat (Arabic: Ø¯Ù…ÙŠØ§Ø· ) is one of the governorates of Egypt. ... Janub Sina is one of the governorates of Egypt. ... Kafr ash Shaykh (Arabic: ÙƒÙØ± Ø§Ù„Ø´ÙŠØ®) is one of the governorates of Egypt. ... Categories: Africa geography stubs | Governorates of Egypt ... Qina (Arabic: Ù‚Ù†Ø§ ) is one of the governorates of Egypt. ... Shamal Sina is one of the governorates of Egypt. ... Suhag lies 470 km from Cairo. ...

Categories: 1911 Britannica | Ancient Egypt | Governorates of Egypt Download high resolution version (500x878, 30 KB)The original image was created by Ihcoyc who said: An ankh. ... Ancient Egypt was a civilization located along the Lower Nile, reaching from the Nile Delta in the north to as far south as Jebel Barkal at the time of its greatest extension (15th century BC). ... Download high resolution version (500x878, 30 KB)The original image was created by Ihcoyc who said: An ankh. ... For alternative meanings of Nile, see Nile (disambiguation) The Nile (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ù†ÙŠÙ„ an-nÄ«l), in Africa, is one of the two longest rivers on Earth. ... Thebes [Î˜Î·Î²Î±Î¹ ThÄ“bai] is the Greek designation of ancient Egyptian niwt (The) City and niwt-rst (The) Southern City. It is located about 800 km south of the Mediterranean, on the east bank of the Nile (25. ... This article needs to be updated. ... Heliopolis (Greek á¼©Î»Î¯Î¿Ï… Ï€ÏŒÎ»Î¹Ï‚) was one of the most ancient cities of Egypt, and capital of the 13th Lower Egyptian nome. ... The River Nile at Luxor Pharaonic statue in Luxor Temple Hot-air ballooning in Luxor Luxor (Arabic: Ø§Ù„Ø£Ù‚ØµØ± ) is a city in Upper (southern) Egypt and the capital of the Al Uqsur governorate, population approximately 200,000. ... Abydos, one of the most ancient cities of Upper Egypt, stood about 11 km (6 miles) west of the Nile at latitude 26Â° 10 N. The Egyptian name was Abdju (technically, 3bdw, hieroglyphs shown to the right), the hill of the symbol or reliquary, in which the sacred head of... The Great Sphinx of Giza with Khafres pyramid in the background. ... Memphis was the ancient capital of the first nome of Lower Egypt, and of the Old Kingdom of Egypt from its foundation until around 1300 BC. Its Ancient Egyptian name was Ineb Hedj (The White Walls). The name Memphis is the Greek deformation of the Egyptian name of Pepi I... or Tanis (Î¤á½±Î½Î¹Ï‚), the Greek name of ancient Djanet (modern ØµØ§Ù† Ø§Ù„ØØ¬Ø± á¹¢Än al-á¸¤aÇ§ar), is a city in the north-eastern Nile delta of Egypt (30Â°58â€²N 31Â°52â€²E). ... Rosetta is the anglicised name for the city of Rashid, a port city on the Mediterranean Sea in Egypt, located 65 km east of Alexandria. ... Amarna (commonly known as el-Amarna) is the name given to an extensive archaeological site that represents the remains of the capital city built by the Pharaoh Akhenaten of the late Eighteenth Dynasty (c. ... Al Fayyum is one of the governorates of Egypt located in the centre of the country. ... Elephantine are a four-piece rock band from Edinburgh. ... Saqqara is a vast, ancient burial ground in Egypt, featuring the worlds oldest standing step pyramid. ... Dahshur (Arabic Ø¯Ù‡Ø´ÙˆØ± DahÅ¡Å«r [often incorrectly rendered in English as Dashur]), located in a patch of desert on the west bank of the Nile approximately 40 kilometres south of Cairo, is a royal necropolis, known chiefly for several pyramids, two of which are amongst the oldest, largest and best preserved... The Ennead (a word derived from Greek, meaning the nine) is a grouping of nine deities, most often used in the context of Egyptian mythology. ... Heliopolis (Greek á¼©Î»Î¯Î¿Ï… Ï€ÏŒÎ»Î¹Ï‚) was one of the most ancient cities of Egypt, and capital of the 13th Lower Egyptian nome. ... History Atum (alternatively spelt Tem, Temu, Tum, and Atem) is an early deity in Egyptian mythology, whose cult centred on the Ennead of Heliopolis. ... In Egyptian mythology, Shu (meaning dryness and he who rises up) is one of the primordial gods, a personification of air, one of the Ennead of Heliopolis. ... In Egyptian mythology, Tefnut is a goddess of water and fertility. ... WHAT THE . ... In the Ennead mythology, Nuit (alternatively spelt Nut) was the sky goddess, in contrast to most other mythologies, which usually have a sky father. ... Osiris (Greek language, also Usiris; the Egyptian language name is variously transliterated Asar, Aser, Ausar, or Ausare) is the Egyptian God of the dead and the underworld. ... It has been suggested that Isis in literature be merged into this article or section. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... In Egyptian mythology, Nephthys (spelt Nebet-het, and Nebt-het, in transliteration from hieroglyphs) is one of the Ennead of Heliopolis, a daughter of Nuit and Geb, and the wife of Set. ... Amun (also spelt Amon, Amoun, Amen, and rarely Imenand, and spelt in Greek as Ammon, and Hammon) was the name of a deity, in Egyptian mythology, who gradually rose to become one of the most important, before disappearing back into the shadows. ... Anubis is the Greek name for the ancient god in Egyptian mythology whose hieroglyphic is more accurately spelt Anpu (also Anup, Anupu, Wip, Ienpw, Inepu, Yinepu, or Inpw). ... This article is about the Egyptian demon. ... For other uses, see Apis (Disambiguation). ... In Egyptian mythology, Bastet was a solar deity and a goddess of fertility and protector of pregnant women. ... Statue of Hathor (Luxor Museum) // The divine waterway In Egyptian mythology, Hathor (Egyptian for house of Horus) was originally a personification of the Milky Way, which was seen as the milk that flowed from the udders of a heavenly cow. ... Khepri as a scarab beetle, pushing the sun across the sky In Egyptian mythology, Khepri (also spelt Khepera, Kheper, Chepri, Khepra) is the name of a minor god. ... In Egyptian mythology, Chons (alternately Khensu, Khons, Khonsu or Khonshu) is a lunar deity, and a son of Amun and Mut. ... In Egyptian mythology, MaÃ t was the goddess, or rather the concept, of truth, justice and order. ... Min (sometimes incorrectly transcribed as Chem) was a god and the patron of traveling caravans, in Egyptian mythology, known since the Predynastic Period, and even worshipped by the Scorpion King. ... Neith In Egyptian mythology, Neith (also known as Nit, Net and Neit) was a psychopomp, a goddess of war and the hunt and the patron deity of Sais, in the Western Delta. ... Ptah In Egyptian mythology, Ptah (also spelt Peteh) was the deification of the primordial mound in the Ennead cosmogony, which was more literally referred to as Ta-tenen (also spelt Tathenen), meaning risen land, or as Tanen, meaning submerged land. ... , , or This article is about the Egyptian god. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Sobek (from the Temple of Kom Ombo) or In Egyptian mythology, Sobek (also spelt Sebek, Sochet, Sobk, Sobki, Soknopais, and in Greek, Suchos) was the deification of crocodiles, and was originally a demon, as crocodiles were deeply feared in the nation so dependent on the Nile River. ... Thoth (Ramesseum, Luxor) In Egyptian mythology, Thoth (also spelt Thot or Thout), pronounced tot, is the Greek name given to Djehuty (also spelt Tahuti, Tehuti, Zehuti, Techu, Tetu) - the original pronunciation of his name is disputed, and may have been approximately Tee-HOW-ti -, who was originally the deification of... In Egyptian mythology, Wepwawet (also spelt Upuaut, Wep-wawet, and Ophois) was originally a war god, whose cult centre was Atef-Khent (Lycopolis), in Upper Egypt. ... Aten is a creator of the universe in ancient Egyptian mythology, usually regarded as a sun god represented by the suns disk. ... In Egyptian mythology, the Ogdoad are the eight deities worshipped in Hermopolis. ... Heliopolis (Greek á¼©Î»Î¯Î¿Ï… Ï€ÏŒÎ»Î¹Ï‚) was one of the most ancient cities of Egypt, and capital of the 13th Lower Egyptian nome. ... Amun (also spelt Amon, Amoun, Amen, and rarely Imenand, and spelt in Greek as Ammon, and Hammon) was the name of a deity, in Egyptian mythology, who gradually rose to become one of the most important, before disappearing back into the shadows. ... In Egyptian mythology, Amunet (also spelled Amonet, Amaunet, Amentet, Amentit, Imentet, Imentit, and Ament) was originally the female form of the originally androgynous god Amun. ... In Egyptian mythology, Huh (also spelt Hu, Hah, or Heh) was the deification of eternity in the Ogdoad, his name itself meaning endlessness, and is not to be confused with the identically named Hu a god in the Ennead system. ... See k. ... In Egyptian mythology, Naunet (or Nunet) is the goddess of the primordial, watery abyss of the underworld and one of the Ogdoad. ... In Egyptian mythology, Bast (also spelt Ubasti, and Pasht) is an ancient goddess, worshipped at least since the Second Dynasty, for whom the centre of her cult was in Per-Bast (Bubastis in greek), which was named after her. ... In Egyptian mythology, Anhur was a god of war and hunting, later identified with Horus and worshipped particularly in Thinis. ... In Egyptian mythology, Maahes (also spelt Mihos, Miysis, and Mahes) was a lion-god. ... Sekhmet In Egyptian mythology, Sekhmet (also spelt Sachmet, Sakhet, and Sakhmet), was originally the war goddess of Upper Egypt, although when the first Pharaoh of the 12th dynasty moved the capital of Egypt to Memphis, her cult centre moved as well. ... In Egyptian mythology, Pakhet (also spelled Pachet, Pekhet, Phastet, and Pasht, Egyptian ), a solar deity with a desert cats head. ... Chons In Egyptian mythology, Chons (alternately Khensu, Khons, Khonsu or Khonshu) is an ancient lunar deity, from before formal structure was given to a pantheon. ... In Egyptian mythology, MaÃ t was the goddess, or rather the concept, of truth, justice and order. ... In Egyptian mythology, Hu (also spelt Huh) is the deification of the first word, the word of creation, that Atum was said to have exclaimed upon ejaculating, in his masturbatory act of creating the Ennead. ... In Egyptian mythology, Saa (also spelt Sia) was the deification of wisdom, which is what his name means, in the Ennead cosmogeny. ... Shai (also spelt Sai, occasionally Shay, and in Greek, Psais) was the deification of the concept of fate. ... In Egyptian mythology, Renenutet was a goddess of cobras, children and fertility. ... Min (sometimes incorrectly transcribed as Chem) was a god and the patron of traveling caravans, in Egyptian mythology, known since the Predynastic Period, and even worshipped by the Scorpion King. ... Hapy, meaning runner, was a solar deity in Egyptian mythology, and the symbolisation of the annual flood of the Nile River, which deposited rich silt on the banks, allowing the Egyptians to grow crops. ... In Egyptian mythology, Chnum (also spelled Khnum, Knum, or Khnemu) was one of the earliest Egyptian gods, originally the god of the source of the Nile River. ... Statue of Tawaret Tawaret (The Great One; also rendered as Taurt, Taueret, Ta-weret, Taweret, Thoeris, Opet, Apet, Rert, or Reret) was a popular deity in ancient Egyptian mythology. ... The god Bes. ... In Egyptian mythology, Seker is a god of craftsmen, the dead and funerals. ... In Egyptian mythology, Seshat (The Female Scribe) was a goddess of writing, science, literature, history, libraries, architecture and mathematics, and the consort of Thoth. ... A mummy is a corpse whose skin and dried flesh have been preserved by either intentional or accidental exposure to chemicals, extreme cold or dryness, or airlessness. ... Image:PAM240. ... Among the ancient Egyptians, canopic jars were covered funerary vases, normally composed of clay, intended to keep the viscera of mummified corpses. ... The ankh (pronounced ahnk, symbol ) was the Egyptian hieroglyphic character that stood for the word , which means life). ... Book of the Dead is the common name for ancient Egyptian funerary texts known as The Book of Coming [or Going] Forth By Day. ... KV is an acronym employed by Egyptologists to designate tombs located in the Valley of the Kings, Luxor, Egypt. ... Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut Mortuary temples (or memorial temples) were temples constructed adjacent to, or in the vicinity of, royal tombs in the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom periods of Ancient Egypt. ... A Ushabti (also called shabti or shawabti and with a number of variant spellings) is a small figurine of Ancient Egypt, included in the grave goods of the dead. ... The pyramids of Egypt, some of which are among the largest man-made constructions ever conceived , constitute one of the most potent and enduring symbols of Ancient Egyptian civilization. ... Obelisk at Karnak temple El-Karnak is a small village in Egypt, located on the banks of the River Nile some 2. ... The Great Sphinx of Giza is a large half-human Sphinx statue in Egypt, on the Giza Plateau at the west bank of the Nile River, near modern-day Cairo (29. ... The Pharos of Alexandria Sometimes called the Pharos of Alexandria (Pharos or Î¦Î¬ÏÎ¿Ï‚ in Greek means lighthouse), the Lighthouse of Alexandria was built in the 3rd century BC and is traditionally considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World. ... The Royal Library of Alexandria in Alexandria, Egypt was once the largest library in the world. ... Djeser-Djeseru â€“ the focal point of the complex Deir el-Bahri (Arabic Ø¯ÙŠØ± Ø§Ù„Ø¨ØØ±ÙŠ dayr al-baá¸¥rÄ«, literally meaning, â€œThe Northern Monasteryâ€) is a complex of mortuary temples and tombs located on the west bank of the Nile, opposite the city of Luxor, Egypt. ... The Colossi of Memnon The Colossi of Memnon (known to locals as el-Colossat, or es-Salamat) are two massive stone statues of Pharaoh Amenhotep III. For the past 3400 years they have stood in the Theban necropolis, across the River Nile from the modern city of Luxor. ... The Ramesseum is the memorial temple (or mortuary temple) of Pharaoh Ramses II (Ramses the Great). ... Model showing the relative positions of the Abu Simbel temples before and after relocation Categories: Ancient Egypt stubs | Wonders of the World ... It has been suggested that Hieroglyph (French Wiki article) be merged into this article or section. ... The system of Egyptian numerals was a numeral system used in ancient Egypt. ... In the field of Egyptology, transliteration is the process of converting (or mapping) texts written in the Egyptian language to alphabetic symbols representing uniliteral hieroglyphs or their hieratic and demotic counterparts. ... Demotic script on a replica of the Rosetta stone. ... Development of hieratic script from hieroglyphs; after Champollion. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The history of ancient [wierd] Egypt begins around 3300 BC when Egypt became a unified Egyptian state. ... The conquests of Alexander the Great brought Egypt within the orbit of the Greek world for almost 900 years. ... From the initial Islamic invasion in 639 CE Egypt became part of the Arab world. ... Egypt was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1517. ... The reign of Muhammad Ali and his successors over Egypt was a period of rapid reform and modernization that led to Egypt becoming one of the most developed states outside of Europe. ... The History of Modern Egypt is generally accepted as beginning in 1882, when Egypt became a de facto British colony. ...