FACTOID # 155: Australia has more than 28 times the land area of New Zealand, but its coastline is not even twice as long.
 
 Home   Encyclopedia   Statistics   Countries A-Z   Flags   Maps   Education   Forum   FAQ   About 
 
WHAT'S NEW
RECENT ARTICLES
More Recent Articles »
 

FACTS & STATISTICS    Simple view

  1. Select countries to view: (hold down Control key and click to select several)

     

     

    Compare:

     

     

  1. Select fact or statistic: (* = graphable)

     

     

     

  2. (OPTIONAL) Compare to statistic: (both need to be graphable)

     

     

     

  3. View result as:

     

       
(OR) SEARCH ALL encyclopedia, stats & forums:   

Encyclopedia > Albert Fert
Albert Fert

Born March 7, 1938(1938-03-07)
Carcassonne, France
Residence France
Nationality French
Field Physicist
Institutions Université Paris-Sud
Alma mater École normale supérieure (Paris)
Academic advisor   I. A. Campbell
Known for Giant magnetoresistive effect
Notable prizes International Prize for New Materials of the American Physical Society (1994)

Magnetism Award of the IUPAP (1994)
Grand Prix de Physique Jean Ricard of the Société française de Physique (1994)
Hewlett-Packard Europhysics Prize awarded by European Physical Society (1997)
Médaille d'or du CNRS (2003)
Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 383 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (648 × 1015 pixel, file size: 121 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU... is the 66th day of the year (67th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Carcassonne (Carcassona in Occitan) is a fortified French town, in the Aude département of which it is the préfecture, in the former province of Languedoc. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Not to be confused with physician, a person who practices medicine. ... The University of Paris-Sud (French: Université de Paris-Sud) is a branch of the University of Paris located in Orsay. ... See also École Normale de Musique de Paris. ... Founding results of Fert The Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) is a quantum mechanical effect observed in thin film structures composed of alternating ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic metal layers. ... The American Physical Society was founded in 1899 and is the worlds second largest organization of physicists. ... The International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) is an international non-governmental organization devoted to the advancement of Physics. ...

Nobel Prize in Physics (2007)

Albert Fert (b. March 7, 1938) is a French physicist and one of the discoverers of the Giant magnetoresistive effect which brought about a breakthrough in gigabyte hard disks. He is currently professor at Université Paris-Sud in Orsay and scientific director of a joint laboratory ('Unité mixte de physique') between the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (French Research Center) and Thales Group. He was awarded the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics together with Peter Grünberg.[1] Image File history File links Nobel_prize_medal. ... Hannes Alfvén (1908–1995) accepting the Nobel Prize for his work on magnetohydrodynamics [1]. List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ... is the 66th day of the year (67th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... A magnet levitating above a high-temperature superconductor demonstrates the Meissner effect. ... Founding results of Fert The Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) is a quantum mechanical effect observed in thin film structures composed of alternating ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic metal layers. ... This article is about the unit of measurement. ... Typical hard drives of the mid-1990s. ... The University of Paris-Sud (French: Université de Paris-Sud) is a branch of the University of Paris located in Orsay. ... Musée dOrsay Exterior view in the afternoon Musée dOrsay Inside the main hall The Musée dOrsay is a museum in Paris, situated on the left bank of the River Seine. ... The Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) is the largest and most prominent public research organization in France. ... The Thales Group (Euronext: HO) is a major French electronics company delivering mission-critical information systems and services for the Aerospace, Defence, and Security markets. ... Hannes Alfvén (1908–1995) accepting the Nobel Prize for his work on magnetohydrodynamics [1]. List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ... Dr Peter Grünberg is a German physicist and one of the discoverers of the Giant magnetoresistive effect which brought about a breakthrough in gigabyte hard disks. ...

Contents

Education

Fert graduated in 1962 from the École normale supérieure in Paris. He received his master's degree in 1963 at the University of Paris, and earned his PhD in 1970 at the Université Paris-Sud. See also École Normale de Musique de Paris. ... This article is about the capital of France. ... The Sorbonne, Paris, in a 17th century engraving The historic University of Paris (French: ) first appeared in the second half of the 12th century, but was in 1970 reorganised as 13 autonomous universities (University of Paris I–XIII). ... The University of Paris-Sud (French: Université de Paris-Sud) is a branch of the University of Paris located in Orsay. ...


Research

In 1988 he discovered the Giant magnetoresistance effect (GMR) in multilayers of iron and chromium which is recognized as the birth of spintronics; GMR was simultaneously and independently discovered by Peter Grünberg from the Jülich Research Centre. Since 1988, Albert Fert has made contributions to the field of spintronics. See also: Other events of 1988 List of years in science . ... For other uses, see Iron (disambiguation). ... General Name, symbol, number chromium, Cr, 24 Chemical series transition metals Group, period, block 6, 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Standard atomic weight 51. ... Unsolved problems in physics: Is it possible to construct a practical electronic device that operates on the spin of the electron, rather than its charge? Spintronics (a neologism for spin-based electronics), also known as magnetoelectronics, is an emergent technology which exploits the quantum spin states of electrons as well... Dr Peter Grünberg is a German physicist and one of the discoverers of the Giant magnetoresistive effect which brought about a breakthrough in gigabyte hard disks. ... Position of Jülich Research Centre in Germany The Jülich Research Centre (German: Forschungszentrum Jülich, short FZJ) is based near Jülich, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Unsolved problems in physics: Is it possible to construct a practical electronic device that operates on the spin of the electron, rather than its charge? Spintronics (a neologism for spin-based electronics), also known as magnetoelectronics, is an emergent technology which exploits the quantum spin states of electrons as well...


Awards

The American Physical Society was founded in 1899 and is the worlds second largest organization of physicists. ... The Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) is the largest and most prominent public research organization in France. ... The Wolf Prize has been awarded annually since 1978 to living scientists and artists for achievements in the interest of mankind and friendly relations among peoples . ... The Japan Prize is awarded to people from all parts of the world whose original and outstanding achievements in science and technology are recognized as having advanced the frontiers of knowledge and served the cause of peace and prosperity for mankind. ... Louis XIV visiting the Académie in 1671 The French Academy of Sciences (Académie des sciences) is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French scientific research. ... Hannes Alfvén (1908–1995) accepting the Nobel Prize for his work on magnetohydrodynamics [1]. List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ... Dr Peter Grünberg is a German physicist and one of the discoverers of the Giant magnetoresistive effect which brought about a breakthrough in gigabyte hard disks. ...

References

  1. ^ a b The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007. Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (2007-10-09).

External links

  • Giant Magnetoresistance of (001)Fe/(001)Cr Magnetic Superlattices, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 2472, 1988 Original publication
  • Fert's homepage at CNRS

  Results from FactBites:
 
2007 (23rd) Japan Prize Laureates (448 words)
Fert developed comprehensive, pioneering studies for a quantum mechanical understanding of electrical transport properties in ferromagnetic alloys.
Through his research, it became foreseeable in the mid-80's that the effect of spin-dependent scattering would give rise to magneto-resistance effects of unprecedented magnitude, provided one finds a means to switch the relative orientation of the magnetization of successive magnetic layers in a multi-layer from parallel to anti-parallel.
Fert's group discovered a GMR effect as large as 50% in a super-lattice consisting of 30 Fe/Cr bi-layers at low temperature (4.2K) by application of an external magnetic field of 1T.
The CNRS has attributed Golden Medal to the physicist Albert Fert (3433 words)
Albert Fert marvels at many things: at landscapes from the Catalan Pyrenean mountains of his childhood, of course; at the genius of Thelonius Monk's music and Almodovar's films as well; and also, more pragmatically, at the purring noise of his computer hard disk.
An example of a significant contribution by Albert Fert to the theory of spin electronics is also the introduction of the spin accumulation concept, which today is used in many theoretical models.
Albert Fert and his team are hot on the trail to providing some answers to these questions.
  More results at FactBites »


 

COMMENTARY     


Share your thoughts, questions and commentary here
Your name
Your comments
Please enter the 5-letter protection code

Want to know more?
Search encyclopedia, statistics and forums:

 


Lesson Plans | Student Area | Student FAQ | Reviews | Press Releases |  Feeds | Contact
The Wikipedia article included on this page is licensed under the GFDL.
Images may be subject to relevant owners' copyright.
All other elements are (c) copyright NationMaster.com 2003-5. All Rights Reserved.
Usage implies agreement with terms.