An Aldonic acid is any of a family of sugar acids obtained by oxidation of the aldehyde function of aldoses to a carboxylic acid function. Thus, their general chemical formula is HOOC-(CHOH)_n-CH₂OH. Aldonic acids are typically prepared by oxidation of the sugar with bromine. They are generally found in their lactone form, with the ring structure essentially the same as in the original sugar's cyclic hemiacetal form (which is the form the sugar is usually found in). However, unlike hemiacetals, lactones do not have a chiral anomeric carbon, and they cannot form glycosidic linkages. Aldonic acids are found in many biological systems, and are the products of the oxidation of aldoses by Benedict's or Fehling's reagents. Their lactones are key intermediates in the Kiliani-Fischer synthesis of sugars. Nomenclature of aldonic acids and their lactones is based on replacing the suffix "-ose" with "onic acid" or "onolactone" respectively--hence D-glucose is oxidized to D-gluconic acid and D-gluconolactone. Magnification of typical sugar showing monoclinic hemihedral crystalline structure. ... For alternative meanings see acid (disambiguation). ... An aldehyde. ... Fischer projection of D-glyceraldehyde An aldose is a monosaccharide (a certain type of sugar) containing one aldehyde group per molecule and having a chemical formula of the form CnH2nOn (n>=3). ... Structure of a carboxylic acid The 3D structure of the carboxyl group A space-filling model of the carboxyl group Carboxylic acids are organic acids characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group, which has the formula -(C=O)-OH, usually written as -COOH. In general, the salts and anions... General Name, Symbol, Number bromine, Br, 35 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 4, p Appearance gas/liquid: red-brown solid: metallic luster Atomic mass 79. ... In chemistry, the condensation of an alcohol group and a carboxylic acid group which are atached to the same molecule, leads to a cyclic ester. ... In organic chemistry, a cyclic organic compound is one in which a series of carbon atoms are connected together to form a loop or ring. ... A hemiacetal is a functional group or compound containing the function group in the form of: where R and R are any carbon backbones. ... A hemiacetal is a functional group or compound containing the function group in the form of: where R and R are any carbon backbones. ... In chemistry, the condensation of an alcohol group and a carboxylic acid group which are atached to the same molecule, leads to a cyclic ester. ... The term chiral (pronounced ) is used to describe an object which is non-superimposable on its mirror image. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Anomeric carbon. ... A glycosidic bond is the linkage between two monosaccharides, that forms disaccharides and/or polysaccharides. ... Fischer projection of D-glyceraldehyde An aldose is a monosaccharide (a certain type of sugar) containing one aldehyde group per molecule and having a chemical formula of the form CnH2nOn (n>=3). ... Benedicts reagent (also called Benedicts solution or Benedicts test) is a reagent used as a test for the presence of reducing sugars (such as glucose, lactose, and fructose, but not sucrose), or more generally for the presence of aldehydes, in a solution. ... Fehlings solution is a solution used to deferentiate between aldehyde or ketone functional groups. ... The Kiliani-Fischer synthesis is a method for synthesizing monosaccharides. ... Glucose (Glc), a monosaccharide (or simple sugar), is the most important carbohydrate in biology. ... Gluconic acid is the carboxylic acid formed by the oxidation of the first carbon of glucose and has the chemical formula C6H12O7. ... Glucono delta-lactone (GDL) is a naturally occurring food additive used as a sequestrant, an acidifier, or a curing, pickling, or leavening agent. ...