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Aleatory means "pertaining to luck", and derives from the Latin word alea, the rolling of dice. Aleatoric, indeterminate, or chance art is that which exploits the principle of randomness. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wiktionary (a portmanteau of wiki and dictionary) is a multilingual, Web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in over 150 languages. ... Two standard six-sided pipped dice with rounded corners. ... This article is about the philosophical concept of Art. ... “Random” redirects here. ...

Law

In some legal systems, aleatory contracts are those where the effects (outcomes) for the parties to the contract are uncertain. This may apply to gambling contracts, insurance contracts and many modern forms of derivatives and options. For example, the French civil code contains a chapter on aleatory contracts, with specific provisions for gaming (gambling) and life annuities.^[1]

Literature

An example of aleatory writing is the automatic writing of the French Surrealists involving dreams, et cetera. The French literary group Oulipo for example saw no merit in aleatory work and its members altogether eliminated chance and randomness from their writing, substituting potentiality as in Raymond Queneau's Cent Mille Milliards de Poèmes (Hundred Thousand Billion Poems). For the article about the album by Ataxia, see Automatic Writing (album). ... René Magritte This is not a pipe. ... For other uses, see Dream (disambiguation). ... Oulipo stands for Ouvroir de littérature potentielle, which translates roughly as workshop of potential literature. It is a loose gathering of French-speaking writers and mathematicians, and seeks to create works using constrained writing techniques. ... Raymond Queneau (February 21, 1903 – October 25, 1976) was a French poet and novelist. ... Raymond Queneau’s Hundred Thousand Billion Poems or One hundred million million poems (original French title: Cent Mille Milliards de Poèmes), published in 1961, is a set of ten sonnets. ...

Luke Rhinehart's novel The Dice Man tells the story of a psychiatrist named Luke Rhinehart who, feeling bored and unfulfilled in life, starts making decisions about what to do based on a roll of a die. Luke Rhinehart is the pen name of the author George Cockcroft (see that entry for a biography). ... For other uses, see Diceman. ...

Music

Main article: Aleatoric music

Pierre Boulez applied the term aleatoric music to his own pieces to distinguish them from the indeterminate music of John Cage, though both are often described as aleatory. While Boulez purposefully composed his pieces to allow the performer certain liberties with regard to the sequencing and repetition of parts, Cage often composed through the application of chance operations without allowing the performer liberties. Another prolific aleatory music composer is Karlheinz Stockhausen.^[2] Qubais Reed Ghazala, founder of the circuit-bending chance-music movement, is an important contemporary chance artist also pioneering aleatoric work in visual mediums (original techniques in suminagashi, dye migration, aperture shift photography). Aleatoric music (also aleatory music or chance music; from the Latin word alea, meaning dice) is music in which some element of the composition is left to chance or some primary element of a composed works realization is left to the determination of its performer(s). ... Pierre Boulez Pierre Boulez (IPA: /pjɛʁ.buˈlɛz/) (born March 26, 1925) is a conductor and composer of classical music. ... Aleatoric music (also aleatory music or chance music; from the Latin word alea, meaning dice) is music in which some element of the composition is left to chance or some primary element of a composed works realization is left to the determination of its performer(s). ... Indeterminate music was a form of music pioneered by the late John Cage. ... For the Mortal Kombat character, see Johnny Cage. ... Karlheinz Stockhausen (born August 22, 1928) is a contemporary composer. ...

Film

In film-making, there are several avant-garde examples; Fred Camper's SN (1984;^[3] first screening 2002) uses coin-flipping to determine which three of 18 possible reels to screen and what order they should go in (4896 permutations). Barry Salt, now better known as a film scholar, is known to have made a film, Permutations, six reels long which takes the word aleatory quite literally by including a customized die for the projectionist to roll to determine the reel order (720 permutations).^[4] This article is about the year. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ...

References

1. ^ http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/html/codes_traduits/code_civil_textA.htm Text of French Civil Code (in English)
2. ^ http://www.newmusicbox.org/page.nmbx?id=35tp02
3. ^ http://www.fredcamper.com/F/SN.html
4. ^ http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/title/50946