NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Alexander Dubcek

Alexander Dubček (November 27, 1921 – November 7, 1992) was a Slovak politician and briefly leader of Czechoslovakia (1968-1969). Alexander Dubček, leader of Czechoslovakia from 1968 to 1969 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Alexander Dubček, leader of Czechoslovakia from 1968 to 1969 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... November 27 is the 331st day (332nd on leap years) of the year. ... 1921 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... November 7 is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 54 days remaining. ... 1992 is a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1968 was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... 1969 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ...

An overview of his functions:

1951-1955 and 1960-1968 and 1969-1970: member of/ in 1969 speaker of the federal parliament (National Assembly, since 1969 called Federal Assembly)

1964-1970: member of the Slovak parliament (Slovak National Committee)

1955-1968: member of / since 1962 member of the presidium of / since 1963 first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Slovakia

1958-1969: member of / 1960-1962 secretary of / since 1962 member of the presidium of / since 1968 first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia

1969-1970: ambassador to Turkey

1970: expelled from the Communist party

1989-1992: member of the VPN party (later called ODÚ-VPN)

1989-1992: speaker of the federal parliament (Federal Assembly)

1992: leader of the SSDS (Social Democratic Party of Slovakia); after the 1992 election, member of the parliament representing the SSDS

He was born in Uhrovec, Czechoslovakia (Slovakia), and raised in Kirghizia (now Kyrgystan) as a member of esperantist industrial cooperative Interhelpo. His father moved from Cleveland to the Soviet Union in the late 1920s in search of work because of poor employment conditions in the US during the Great Depression. In 1938 the family returned to Czechoslovakia and Dubček joined the Communist Party of Slovakia. During the Nazi occupation, Dubček fought for the underground resistance. He joined the Central Committee of the party in 1955. He was sent to Moscow Political College in 1955, where he graduated in 1958. By 1962, he was a full member of the Central Committee of the Czechoslovak Communist Party. 1951 was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... 1955 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1960 was a leap year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1968 was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... 1969 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... 1970 was a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1969 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... 1969 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... 1964 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1970 was a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1955 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1968 was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... 1962 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1963 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Old party In the past, the Communist Party of Slovakia (Slovak: Komunistická strana Slovenska -- KSS) was a communist party in Slovakia. ... 1958 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1969 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... 1960 was a leap year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1962 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1962 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1968 was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, in Czech and in Slovak: Komunistická strana Československa (KSČ) was a political party in Czechoslovakia that existed between 1921 and 1992. ... 1969 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... 1970 was a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1970 was a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1989 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1992 is a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1989 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1992 is a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1992 is a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Social Democratic Party of Slovakia (in Slovak: Sociálnodemokratická strana Slovenska; abbreviated SDSS) was a left wing political party in Slovakia. ... Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан) is a country in Central Asia. ... The Interhelpo was an industrial cooperative of workers and farmers (esperantists and idists) between 1923 and 1943, established for the special purpose of helping to build up socialism in Soviet Kyrgyzstan. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... 1938 was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Old party In the past, the Communist Party of Slovakia (Slovak: Komunistická strana Slovenska -- KSS) was a communist party in Slovakia. ... The Nazi party used a right-facing swastika as their symbol and the red and black colors were said to represent Blut und Boden (blood and soil). ... 1955 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Saint Basils Cathedral Moscow (Russian/Cyrillic: Москва́, pronunciation: Maskvá listen), capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva, and encompassing 1097. ... 1958 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1962 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Under Communism, the Czechoslovak economy in the 1960s was in serious decline and the imposition of central control from Prague disappointed local Communists while the destalinization program caused further disquiet. In October 1967 a number of reformers, most notably Ota Sik, took action, they challenged First Secretary Antonín Novotný at a Central Committee meeting. Novotný failed to secure support from either his fellow Communists or from Moscow and was forced to resign, Dubček became the new First Secretary on January 5, 1968. The period from March to August 1968 is termed the Prague Spring; during this time, Dubček attempted to liberalise the government and allow "socialism with a human face". This article is about communism as a form of society built around a gift economy, as an ideology that advocates that form of society, and as a popular movement. ... Events and trends The 1960s was a turbulent decade of change around the world. ... Prague (Praha in Czech) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. ... De-Stalinization and the Khrushchev era For further details, see Nikita Khrushchev After Stalin had died in March 1953, he was succeeded by Nikita Khrushchev as First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and Georgi Malenkov as Premier of the Soviet Union. ... 1967 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Antonín Novotný was a president of Czechoslovakia. ... January 5 is the 5th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1968 was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ... This article refers to a period of history of Czechoslovakia in 1968. ... Socialism with a human face was a program announced by Alexander Dubček when he became the chairman of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in January 1968. ...

Dubček tried to reassure the Soviets that he was still friendly to Moscow, arguing that the reforms were an internal matter. The Prague Spring ended on August 21, when Soviet forces entered Prague. Dubček urged the people not to resist before he and other key reformers were seized and taken to Moscow where they were forced to accede to Soviet demands. Dubček was returned to Prague on August 27 and retained his post as First Secretary for a while. In April 1969 Dubček lost the Secretaryship and was made ambassador to Turkey (1969-70) before being expelled from the party in 1970. August 21 is the 233rd day of the year (234th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... August 27 is the 239th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (240th in leap years), with 126 days remaining. ... 1969 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... 1970 was a common year starting on Thursday. ...

During the Velvet Revolution of 1989 he supported the Civic Forum of Václav Havel. Dubček was elected speaker of the Federal Assembly on December 28, 1989, and re-elected in 1990. The Velvet Revolution (Czech: sametová revoluce, Slovak: nežná revolúcia) (November 16 - December 29, 1989) refers to a bloodless revolution in Czechoslovakia that saw the overthrow of the communist government there. ... 1989 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Václav Havel [VAHTS-lav HA-vel] (born October 5, 1936) is a Czech writer and dramatist. ... December 28 is the 362nd day of the year (363rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 3 days remaining. ... 1989 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1990 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

At the time of the overthrow of Communist party rule, Dubček described the Velvet Revolution as a victory for his humanistic socialist outlook. The comments were widely seen as a sign of his isolation and lack of intuitive sense for what was happening.

He died following a car crash on November 7, 1992, and was buried in Slávičie Údolie, in Bratislava, Slovakia. Bratislava is the capital of Slovakia and the countrys largest city, with a population of some 430,000. ...

Dubček was considered a "Czechoslovakist" who for most of his life supported the union of the Czech lands of Bohemia and Moravia with Slovakia in a single, although federal, state. His death deprived the new Slovakia of a politician with international recognition. The Czech lands (in Czech: České země) or Czechia (in Czech: Česko) is an auxiliary term used for Bohemia + Moravia + Czech part of Silesia + other territories that were parts of the Kingdom of Bohemia (Lands of the Czech Crown) at the particular time in history (e. ... Bohemia Historical map of Bohemia Bohemia is also a place in the State of New York in the United States of America: see Bohemia, New York. ... Moravia (Czech: Morava, German: Mähren, Polish: Morawy, Hungarian: Morvaország) is the eastern part of the Czech Republic. ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...