Alexander Heinrich Rudolph von Kluck (May 20, 1846 - October 19, 1934) was a German general during World War I. He was born in Münster, Westphalia. He saw service during the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 and the Franco-Prussian War. He advanced steadily through the ranks of the German Army and in 1913 was appointed Inspector General of the Seventh Army District. May 20 is the 140th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (141st in leap years). ... 1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... October 19 is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Combatants Allies: Serbia, Russia, France, Romania, Belgium, British Empire, United States, Italy, and others Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire Casualties Military dead: 5 million Civilian deaths: 3 million Total of dead: 8 million Military dead: 4 million Civilian deaths: 3 million Total dead: 7 million The First... Town Hall in the Prinzipalmarkt Münster: the Prinzipalmarkt St Pauls Cathedral, Münster Münster is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Westphalia (German: Westfalen) is a region in Germany, centred on the cities of Dortmund, Gelsenkirchen, Münster, Bielefeld, and Osnabrück and included in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony. ... Combatants Austria, Saxony, Bavaria, Baden, Württemberg, Hanover and some minor German States (formerly as the Deutscher Bund) Prussia, Italy and some minor German States Strength 600,000 Austrians and German allies 500,000 Prussians and German allies 300,000 Italians Casualties 20,000 dead or wounded 37,000 dead... 1866 (MDCCCLXVI) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Combatants France Prussia allied with German states (later German Empire) Commanders Napoleon III Helmuth von Moltke Strength 500,000 550,000 Casualties 150,000 dead or wounded 284,000 captured 350,000 civilian [citation needed] 100,000 dead or wounded 200,000 civilian [citation needed] The Franco-Prussian War (July... 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday. ...

Alexander von Kluck.

With the outbreak of the war he was placed in command of the German First Army. According to the Schlieffen Plan, the First Army was part of the strong right wing and positioned on the outer western edge of the German advance through Belgium and France. This western flank was to advance alongside Karl von Bülow's Second Army to Paris. Upon reaching Paris in concert, the First and Second armies were to threaten Paris from both the west and east. Download high resolution version (600x790, 96 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (600x790, 96 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Alfred Graf von Schlieffen The Schlieffen Plan was the German General Staffs overall strategic plan for victory on the Western Front against France, and was executed to near victory in the first month of World War I; however, a French counterattack on the outskirts of Paris, the Battle of... Karl von Bülow (April 24, 1846 – August 31, 1921) was a German General commanding the German 2nd Army during World War I from 1914 to 1918. ...

After fighting the British at Mons and Le Cateau, the First Army pursued Lanrezac's French Fifth Army during the great retreat. However, thirty miles from Paris and anticipating an encounter with the French Fifth Army (commanded by Lanrezac), the cautious von Bulow halted his Second Army's advance and demanded von Kluck's direct support. By this time, the aggressive von Kluck had advanced his First Army well south of von Bulow's position to 13 miles north of Paris. Although frustrated by von Bulow's caution, on 31 August von Kluck turned his army southeast to support the Second Army. Combatants Britain Germany Commanders Sir John French Alexander von Kluck Strength 4 divisions 8 divisions Casualties 1,600 5,000 (estimate) The Battle of Mons (Flemish name for Mons is Bergen) was the first major action of the British Expeditionary Force in World War I. Following the surrender of the... On the 25th of September, 1914, the British, French & Belgians retreated from the Battle of Mons & set up defensive positions in Le Cateau. ... Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ...

In so doing, von Kluck explosed his own right flank in the direction of Paris and also created a 30 mile gap in the German line extending toward von Bulow's stalled Second Army.

As a result of passing to the east of Paris, on 5 September General Maunoury's Sixth Army was able to launch an attack against Kluck's flank from Paris, thereby marking the opening of the First Battle of the Marne. A surprise attack on 8 September by Franchet D'Esperey's (who had replaced Lanrezac) Fifth Army against Bülow's Second widened the gap which the British Expeditionary Force marched to exploit. By September 10 the combined Allied stand pushed the weakened German line back forty miles to the River Aisne. There, the front would remain for years in the form of entrenched positions as World War I continued. General Michel-Joseph Maunoury (1847-1923) was a commander of French forces in the early days of World War I. He was recalled from retirement at the age of 67 in August 1914 to lead the so-called Army of Lorraine. But his place in history would be made in... Combatants France United Kingdom Germany Commanders Joseph Joffre John French Helmuth von Moltke Karl von Bulow Alexander von Kluck Strength 1,071,000 1,485,000 Casualties Approximately 263,000: 250,000 French casualties (80,000 dead) 13,000 British casualties (1,700 dead) Approximately 250,000 total The First... Louis Félix Marie François Franchet dEspèrey ( 25 May 1856 – 3 July 1942) was a French general during the First World War. ... The British Expeditionary Force (BEF) was the British army sent to France and Belgium in World War I and British Forces in Europe from 1939 - 1940 during World War II. The BEF was established by Secretary of State for War Richard Haldane following the Second Boer War in case the... Aisne is a river in France, tributary of the river Oise. ...

Von Kluck and Bülow's failure to maintain an effective offensive live was a primary contribution to the failure of the Schlieffen Plan which was to intended to deliver a decisive blow against France. Instead, the long stalemate of trench warfare was ready to begin. Because of von Kluck's failure, the phrase "dumb Kluck" (or more commonly "dumb cluck") has become a well-known insult. The British at the time called him "old one o'clock". Trench Warfare is a form of war in which both opposing armies have static lines of fortifications dug into the ground, facing each other. ...

Kluck was seriously injured in the leg in March 1915 and retired from active service in October 1916. His post war memoirs, The March on Paris and the Battle of the Marne, were published in 1920. Alexander von Kluck died in Berlin on October 19, 1934. 1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 3 - Babe Ruth is traded by the Boston Red Sox to the New York Yankees for $125,000, the largest sum ever paid for a player at that time. ... For other uses, see Berlin (disambiguation). ... October 19 is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...