Alexandroupolis (Greek: Αλεξανδρούπολη) is a city of Greece and the capital of the Evros Prefecture in Thrace. Greece consists of 13 administrative regions known as Peripheries of Greece, which are further subdivided into 51 prefectures (nomoi, singular - nomos): External link Map Categories: Lists of subnational entities | Prefectures of Greece ... The Maritsa river is ca . ... Here are a lists of the provinces (Greek: επαρχεία, eparcheia fr. ... 1991 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Here are list of postal codes in Greece. ... This is an alphabetical list by town of dialing codes in Greece. ... The National Statistical Service of Greece (NSSG) is a General Secretariat of the Greek Ministry of Economy and Finance with more than 1100 employees. ... The Greek car license plates are composed of three letters and four digits per plate (f. ... Categories: Greece geography stubs ... Thrace is a historical and geographic area in south-east Europe spread over southern Bulgaria, north-eastern Greece, and European Turkey. ...

Geography

Alexandroupolis is about 14.5 kilometres west of the mouth of the river Maritsa (Evros) and the border with Turkey, 391 kilometres from Thessaloniki, and 849 kilometres from Athens. At the 1991 census the main city had a population of 36,994, and the municipality had a population of 38,220. A kilometre (American spelling: kilometer, symbol: km) is a unit of length equal to 1000 metres (from the Greek words khilia = thousand and metro = count/measure). ... The Maritsa river is ca . ... Thessaloníki (Θεσσαλονίκη) is the second-largest city of Greece and is the principal, the largest city and the capital of the Greek region of Macedonia. ... The Acropolis in central Athens, one of the most important landmarks in world history. ... 1991 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

History

The city's history only goes back to the 19th century. Long used as a landing ground for fishermen from the coast of Samothrace opposite, the location was known as Dedeagatch in Greek or Dedeağaç in Turkish (meaning "tree of the monk"). The name was based on a local tradition of a wise dervish having spent much of his time in the shade of a local tree and being eventually buried beside it. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Samothrace Samothrace (in Greek: Σαμοθρακη, Samothraki) is an island in Greece, in the northern Aegean Sea. ... The coniferous Coast Redwood, the tallest tree species on earth A tree can be defined as a large, perennial, woody plant. ... A Roman Catholic monk A monk is a person who practices monasticism, adopting a strict religious and ascetic lifestyle, usually in community with others following the same path. ... The word Dervish, especially in European languages, refers to members of Sufi Muslim ascetic religious fraternities, known for their extreme poverty and austerity, similar to mendicant friars. ... Shade is the blocking of sunlight (in particular direct sunshine) by any object, and also the shadow created by that object. ...

A small settlement developed in the area during the construction of a railway line connecting Constantinople to the major cities of Macedonia. The work was part of an effort to modernise the Ottoman Empire, and was assigned to engineers from Austria-Hungary. The settlement soon grew into a fishing village, which also used the name Dedeagatch. Railroad or railway tracks are used on railways, which, together with railroad switches (points), guide trains without the need for steering. ... Map of Constantinople. ... The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Imperial motto El Muzaffer Daima The Ever Victorious (as written in tugra) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital İstanbul (Constantinople/Asitane/Konstantiniyye ) Sovereigns Sultans of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million Area 6. ... Austria-Hungary, also known as the Dual monarchy (or: the k. ... Fishing from a Pier Fishing is a term applied to any activity which aims to capture fish or shellfish for subsistence, scientific, commercial or recreational purposes. ... A village is a human settlement commonly found in rural areas. ...

Dedeagatch was captured by the army of Imperial Russia during the last Russo–Turkish War of 1877–1878, and Russian forces settled in the village. The officers in charge put some effort into urban planning, with an emphasis on the design of wide streets, allowing the quick advance of troops. The streets run parallel to each other, and cul-de-sacs were avoided as too confusing. This was very unlike the narrow allies, cobbled streets, and dead-ends that were characteristic of Ottoman cities at the time. The city returned to Ottoman control by the end of the war, but the brief Russian presence has had a lasting influence in the design of Alexandroupolis' urban streets. Economic development The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were times of crisis for Russia. ... The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 had its origins in the Russian goal of gaining access to the Mediterranean Sea and dominating Constantinople (Istanbul) and the adjacent Turkish Straits. ... 1877 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1878 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Urban, city, or town planning, deals with design of the built environment from the municipal and metropolitan perspective. ... A street in Ynysybwl, Wales, relatively stereotypical of a small town A street (rhymes with feet) is a strip of land, smoothed or otherwise prepared to allow easier travel along its length. ... Parallel is a term in geometry and in everyday life that refers to a property in Euclidean space of two or more lines or planes, or a combination of these. ... For the musical group, see Cul de Sac (group). ... Alleys are generally less well-maintained than roads. ... Cobble is a geologic term for a rock or rock fragment with a grain size with dimensions between 64–256 mm (2. ...

The building of a railway station in Dedeagatch led to the development of the village into a town, and a minor trade centre by the end of the century. The town became the seat of a Pasha with administrative duties. The Ottoman control of the town would last until the Balkan Wars. On 8 November 1912, Dedeagatch and its station was captured by Bulgarian forces with the assistance of the Hellenic Navy. Bulgaria and Greece were allies during the First Balkan War, but opponents in the Second Balkan War. Dedeagatch was captured by the Hellenic Army on 11 July 1913. This would prove short-lived, for the Treaty of Bucharest (10 August 1913) determined that Dedeagatch would be returned to Bulgaria along with the rest of Western Thrace. Passengers bustle around the typical grand edifice of Londons Broad Street Station in 1865. ... A street in Ynysybwl, Wales, relatively stereotypical of a small town A town is usually an urban area which is not considered to rank as a city. ... This article discusses the rank/title used in the Ottoman Empire. ... The outcome as of April 1914 The Balkan Wars were two wars in South-eastern Europe in 1912-1913 in the course of which the Balkan League (Serbia, Montenegro, Greece, and Bulgaria) first conquered Ottoman-held Macedonia and most of Thrace and then fell out of fellowship over the division... November 8 is the 312th day of the year (313th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 53 days remaining. ... 1912 is a leap year starting on Monday. ... The Military of Greece is composed from the Hellenic Army, the Hellenic Navy and the Hellenic Air Force. ... The Hellenic Army, (Greek: Ελληνικός Στράτος) is the land force of Greece (The Hellenic Republic). ... July 11 is the 192nd day (193rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 173 days remaining. ... 1913 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... The Treaty of Bucharest was concluded on August 10, 1913, by the delegates of Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro, and Greece. ... August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Western Thrace is the part of the region of Thrace located between the rivers Nestos (Mesta) and Evros (Maritza) in northeastern Greece (in the periphery of East Macedonia and Thrace) with an approximate area of 8,200 km², bordered by Bulgaria to the north, Turkey to the east, and the...

The defeat of Bulgaria by the Allies in World War I (1914 - 1918) ensured another change of hands for the town. The Treaty of Neuilly (27 November 1919) required the ceding of Western Thrace from Bulgaria to Greece. However Bulgaria retained the right to use the port of Dedeagatch to transport goods through the Aegean Sea. The change of guard between Bulgarian and Greek officials occurred on May 14, 1920. The city was soon visited by Alexander I of Greece amidst great celebration. He was the first King of Greece to visit the town which was renamed in his honor. When spelt with a capital A, Allies usually denotes the countries that fought together against the Central Powers in World War I and against the Axis powers in World War II. Other uses In general, allies are people or groups that have joined an alliance and are working together to... Ypres, 1917, in the vicinity of the Battle of Passchendaele. ... 1914 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Treaty of Neuilly, dealing with Bulgaria for its role as one of the Central Powers in World War I, was signed on the November 27, 1919 at Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. ... November 27 is the 331st day (332nd on leap years) of the year. ... 1919 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Greece and the Aegean Sea The Aegean sea in Greece as seen from the island of Santorini The Aegean Sea (Greek: Αιγαίον Πέλαγος, Aigaion Pelagos; Turkish: Ege Denizi) is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea, located between the Greek peninsula and Anatolia (Asia Minor, now part of Turkey). ... May 14 is the 134th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (135th in leap years). ... 1920 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ... Alexander I, King of the Hellenes, ruled Greece from 1917-1920. ... This is a list of the Kings of Greece, formally known by the title of King of the Hellenes House of Wittelsbach Otto (1832-1862) House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg George I (1863 - 1913) Constantine I (1913 - 1917) first time Alexander (1917 - 1920) Constantine I (1920 - 1922) second...

Following the defeat of Greece in the Greco-Turkish War (1919 - 1922), forces of the Hellenic Army retreated from Eastern Thrace to the area of Alexandroupolis under the leadership of General Theodoros Pangalos. Bulgaria used the opportunity of the Greek defeat to demand for Alexandroupolis to be either returned to its control or to be declared a neutral zone under international control. Both demands were rejected by the Greek leadership and found no support in the League of Nations. The Greco-Turkish War occurred after World War I , when the Greeks attempted to extend their territory beyond eastern Thrace (in Europe) and the district of Smyrna (Izmir; in Anatolia). ... 1919 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1922 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Prominent issues in Greek foreign policy include a dispute over the name of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the enduring Cyprus problem, Greek-Turkish differences over the Aegean, and relations with the USA. The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Greek refusal to recognize the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia... General is a military rank, in most nations the highest rank, although some nations have the higher rank of Field Marshal. ... Theodoros Pangalos (Greek Θεόδωρος Παγγάλος) was a Greek general who briefly ruled Greece from 1925-26. ... The League of Nations was an international organization founded after the First World War at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919. ...

The Treaty of Lausanne (24 July 1923) affirmed that Western Thrace and Alexandroupolis would continue to be controlled by Greece. The previous agreement allowing a Bulgarian presence in the town port had expired. Representatives of Prime Minister of Greece Stilianos Gonatas offered a renewal of the agreement in an apparent attempt to improve the relationship between the two Balkan countries. Their Bulgarian counterparts informed Prime Minister of Bulgaria Aleksandur Tsankov and returned a negative reply. The Treaty of Lausanne was a peace treaty that set the boundaries of modern Turkey. ... July 24 is the 205th day (206th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 160 days remaining. ... 1923 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Note on Greek names: There is no firm convention for the rendering of Greek personal names into English. ... ... Prime Ministers, 1879-1946 Todor Stoyanov Burmov 17 July 1879 - 6 December 1879 Archbishop Kliment Turnovski 6 December 1879 - 5 April 1880 Dragan Kiriakov Tsankov 5 April - 10 December 1880 Petko Karavelov 10 December 1880 - 9 May 1881 Johann Casimir Ernrot 9 May - 13 July 1881 Prince Alexander 13 July...

Bulgaria used its alliance with Nazi Germany to regain control of Western Thrace during World War II. Alexandroupolis remained unter Bulgarian occupation between May, 1941 and 1945. The city suffered disaster of buildings and loss of population during the war but was largely spared of the effects of the Greek Civil War (1942 - 1949). Forces of the Democratic Army of Greece in and around the town area were small and loosely organized , resulting in no major battles occurring in it. Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... 1941 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... An ELAS resistance fighter The Greek Civil War was a war fought between 1942 and 1949 in Greece. ... 1942 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1949 is a common year starting on Saturday. ...

The return of peace allowed for Alexandroupolis to grow from a town of 16,332 residents (1951) to a city of 35,999 residents by 1981. 1951 was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... A city is an urban area, differentiated from a town, village, or hamlet by size, population density, importance, or legal status. ... 1981 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Other

Alexandroupoli has schools, lyceums, gymnasia, banks, a post office, beaches, a sporting centre, a train station (Thessaloniki - Drama - Alexandroupoli) and squares (plateies). Plateia (πλατεία) is the Greek word for town square. ...

Historical population

1981 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1991 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Alexandroupolis Hotel (http://www.geocities.com/ikarosstudios/hotels/alexandroupolis-hotel.htm), Online Bookings
• Mapquest - Komotini (http://www.mapquest.com/maps/map.adp?tb=1&city=Komotini&country=GR), street map not yet available
• Coordinates: 41° 50′ 36″ N 25° 52′ 24″ E (http://kvaleberg.com/extensions/mapsources/index.php?params=41_50_36_N_25_52_24_E_region:GR)
• Komotini Archaeological Museum (http://www.culture.gr/2/21/211/21119m/e211sm01.html)
• Komotini Byzantine Museum Komotini Folklore Museum (http://www.culture.gr/4/42/421/42108/42108a/e42108a1.html)

See also

• Communities of the Evros prefecture

Here are communities and settlements of the Evros prefecture in Greece: In Evros A-B Agnanta Agriani Alepochori Alexandroupoli Amfitriti Ammovouno Amorio Ampelakia Ano Vyssa Antheia Apalos Ardani Aristino Arzos Asimenio Asproneri Asvestades Avas Avdela Avra C-D Chaldini Chandra Chelidona Chionades Dadia Dikaia Dikella Dilofos Doriko Doriskos Doxa E...