Alfonso IX of León (August 15, 1171 – September 23 or 24, 1230; ruled from 1188–1230), first cousin of Alfonso VIII of Castile, and numbered next to him as being a junior member of the family, is said by Ibn Khaldun to have been called the Baboso or "Slobberer", because he was subject to fits of rage during which he foamed at the mouth. The city of León was founded by the Roman Seventh Legion (for unknown reasons always written as Legio Septima Gemina (twin seventh legion). It was the headquarters of that legion in the late empire and was a center for trade in gold which was mined at Las Médulas... August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ... // Events Saladin abolishes the Fatimid caliphate, restoring Sunni rule in Egypt. ... September 23 is the 266th day of the year (267th in leap years). ... September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years). ... Events Kingdom of Leon unites with the Kingdom of Castile. ... Events Saladin unsuccessfully besieges the Hospitaller fortress of Krak des Chevaliers in modern Syria. ... Events Kingdom of Leon unites with the Kingdom of Castile. ... Alfonso VIII (November 11, 1155 – October 5, 1214), king of Castile and grandson of Alfonso VII, is a great name in Spanish history, for he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohades at the battle of the Navas de Tolosa in... Ibn Khaldun, full name Abu Zayd Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn Khaldun al-Hadrami (عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي), May 27, 1332/ah732 to March 19, 1406/ah808) was a famous Tunisian historiographer and historian born in what is modern day Tunisia, and is widely acclaimed as a forerunner of modern historiography, sociology and...

Alfonso was the only son of King Ferdinand II of Leon and Urraca of Portugal. Though he took a part in the work of the reconquest, this king is chiefly remembered by the difficulties into which his successive marriages led him with the pope. He was first married in 1191 to his cousin Teresa of Portugal, who bore him two daughters, and a son who died young. Ferdinand II, king of Leon (d. ... Events May 12 - Richard I of England marries Berengaria of Navarre. ... Teresa of Portugal (Coimbra, 1181 – Lorvão, June 18, 1250), also known as Tarasia of Portugal and later as Infanta-Rainha (Eng. ...

The marriage was declared null by the pope, to whom Alfonso paid no attention till he was presumably tired of his wife. It cannot have been his conscience which constrained him to leave Teresa, for his next step was to marry Berenguela of Castile in 1197, who was his second cousin. For this act of contumacy the king and kingdom were placed under interdict. Berenguela (or Berengaria) (1180-November 8, 1246), was briefly queen of Castile and León. ... Events Amalric II succeeds Henry II of Champagne as king of Jerusalem. ...

The pope was, however, compelled to modify his measures by the threat that if the people could not obtain the services of religion they would not support the clergy, and that heresy would spread. The king was left under interdict personally, but to that he showed himself indifferent, and he had the support of his clergy. Berenguela left him after the birth of five children, and the king then returned to Teresa, to whose daughters he left his kingdom by will.

Alfonso's children by Teresa of Portugal were:

1. Sancha (c. 1192-1270)
2. Dulce, also called Aldonza (c. 1195-c.1243)
3. Fernando (1204-August 1214)

His eldest daughter, Sancha, was engaged to her cousin King Henry I of Castile, but Henry died in 1217 before the marriage could be solemnized. Wanting to disinherit his eldest son, Fernando, King Alfonso invited John of Brienne to marry his daughter Sancha and thusly inherit the Leonese throne. However, Queen Berenguela convinced John of Brienne to marry one of her daughters instead. Though she was the nominal heiress on her father's death in 1230, Sancha was easily set aside by Berenguela and Fernando. Sancha became a nun at Cozollos, where she died in 1270; she was later beatified. Her sister Dulce-Aldonza spent her life with their mother in Portugal. Events The Third Crusade ends in disaster. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ... Events Simon Apulia becomes Bishop of Exeter. ... Henry I of Castile, king of Castile and Leon, son of Alfonso VIII of Castile, and his wife Eleonor Plantegenet, (daughter of Henry II of England and Eleonor of Aquitaine), was born in 1204. ... Events April 9 - Peter of Courtenay crowned emperor of the Latin Empire of Constantinople at Rome, by Pope Honorius III May 20 - First Barons War, royalist victory at Lincoln. ... John of Brienne (c. ... John of Brienne (c. ... For broader historical context, see 1270s and 13th century. ...

Alfonso's children by Berenguela of Castile were:

1. Leonor (1198/99-October 31, 1210)
2. King Fernando III (1200-1252)
3. Berenguela (1201-1237), married John of Brienne
4. Alfonso, Lord of Molina (1203-1272)
5. Constanza (1205-September 7, 1242), became a nun at Las Huelgas

October 31 is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 61 days remaining, as the final day of October. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Tsuchimikado of Japan Emperor Juntoku ascends to the throne of Japan Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor excommunicated by Pope Innocent III for invading southern Italy in 1210 Gottfried von Strassburg writes his epic poem Tristan about 1210 Beginning of Delhi Sultanate Births May... Ferdinand III, the Saint, (1198/1199 - May 30, 1252) was a king of Castile (1217 - 1252) and Leon (1230 - 1252). ... Events The town of Riga was chartered as a city. ... Events Thomas II of Savoy becomes count of Flanders. ... John of Brienne (c. ... Alfonso of Leon, Lord of Molina (1203-1272) was the second son of King Alfonso IX of Leon and Berenguela of Castile, and a younger brother of King Ferdinand III of Castile. ... Events April 16 - Philip II of France enters Rouen, leading to the eventual unification of Normandy and France. ... Events January 6 - Philip of Swabia becomes King of the Romans April 14 - Battle of Adrianople (1205) between Bulgars and Latins August 20 - Following certain news of Baldwin Is death, Henry of Flanders is crowned Emperor of the Latin Empire Births Deaths July 13 Hubert Walter Archbishop of Canterbury... September 7 is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years). ... Events April 5 - During a battle on the ice of Russian forces rebuff an invasion attempt by the Teutonic Knights. ...

References

• Florez, Enrique. Reinas Catolicas, 1761
• This article incorporates text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, which is in the public domain.

Supporters contend that the Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1911) represents, in many ways, the sum of knowledge at the beginning of the 20th century. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

Ferdinand II, king of Leon (d. ... This is a list of kings and queens of Castile. ... Ferdinand III, the Saint, (1198/1199 - May 30, 1252) was a king of Castile (1217 - 1252) and Leon (1230 - 1252). ...