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Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda, whose name is also spelled Strössner or Strößner, (November 3, 1912, Encarnación - August 16, 2006, Brasília) served as President of Paraguay from 1954 to 1989. Image File history File links Alfredo_Stroessner_military. ...
This is a list of Presidents of Paraguay and holders of its predecessor offices. ...
August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ...
Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
February 3 is the 34th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ...
He was a loser. ...
Andrés RodrÃguez Pedotti (June 19, 1923 - April 21, 1997) was the President of Paraguay from February 3, 1989 to August 15, 1993. ...
is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
Encarnación is a city in Paraguay. ...
is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...
Nickname: Location of BrasÃlia Coordinates: , Region Central-West State Distrito Federal Founded 21 April 1960 Government - Administrator Ricardo Hernane Pires Area - City 5,802 km² (2,240. ...
The Colorado Party (Spanish: Partido Colorado) is a political party in Paraguay. ...
is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...
Encarnación is a city in Paraguay. ...
is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...
Nickname: Location of BrasÃlia Coordinates: , Region Central-West State Distrito Federal Founded 21 April 1960 Government - Administrator Ricardo Hernane Pires Area - City 5,802 km² (2,240. ...
Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ...
Early life
Stroessner's parents were Hugo Strößner, who emigrated from Hof, Bavaria, Germany and worked as an accountant for a brewery, and Heriberta Matiauda, who grew up in a wealthy Paraguayan family. He joined the Paraguayan army in 1929, becoming a lieutenant in 1931. He fought in the Chaco War against Bolivia in 1932 and then rose steadily in rank over the next few years until he became a brigadier and the youngest general officer in South America in 1948. Hof is the name of the following places: a city in Bavaria, Germany: see Hof, Germany a district in Bavaria, Germany: see Hof (district) a municipality in Vestfold, Norway : see Hof, Norway a former municipality in Hedmark, Norway. ...
For other uses, see Bavaria (disambiguation). ...
The constitution of Paraguay designates the president as commander in chief of the armed forces. ...
Year 1929 (MCMXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Combatants Republic of Bolivia Republic of Paraguay Commanders Hans Kundt Mcal. ...
Brigadier (IPA pronunciation: ) is a military rank, the meaning of which has a considerable variation. ...
General is a military rank, in most nations the highest rank, although some nations have the higher rank of Field Marshal. ...
South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ...
1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ...
Presidency Stroessner objected to President Federico Chávez' plans to arm the national police and threw him out of office in a coup d'état on May 4, 1954. After a brief interim presidency by Tomás Romero Pereira, Stroessner was the only candidate in a special election on July 11 to complete Chávez' term. He was reelected eight times--in 1958, 1963, 1968, 1973, 1978, 1983, and 1988. In many of these elections, he had no opponent or faced "sacrificial lamb" candidates. He served for 35 years, with only Fidel Castro having a longer tenure among 20th century Latin American leaders. Dr. Federico Chávez Careaga (1881? - April 24, 1978) was a Paraguayan politician and soldier who served as President of Paraguay from September 10, 1949 to May 5, 1954. ...
// A coup dÉtat (pronounced ), or simply coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, often through illegal means by a part of the state establishment — mostly replacing just the high-level figures. ...
is the 124th day of the year (125th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...
He was a loser. ...
July 11 is the 192nd day (193rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 173 days remaining. ...
Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (born on August 13, 1926) is the current President of Cuba but on indefinite medical hiatus. ...
(19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999...
Latin America consists of the countries of South America and some of North America (including Central America and some the islands of the Caribbean) whose inhabitants mostly speak Romance languages, although Native American languages are also spoken. ...
Soon after taking office, Stroessner declared a state of siege and suspended constitutional freedoms. It was renewed every 90 days for the rest of his term, and was only lifted during elections. A devoted anti-Communist, he justified this action as a necessary tool to protect the country. A state of emergency is a governmental declaration that may suspend certain normal functions of government, may work to alert citizens to alter their normal behaviors, or may order government agencies to implement emergency preparedness plans. ...
This does not cite any references or sources. ...
Stroessner, an energetic leader, began his day at 4 a.m. by giving orders from his bed and going to work in the government palace no later than 6 a.m. Although he took a three-hour break at mid-day, Stroessner reportedly worked until 1 a.m. He never took holidays off work while President.
Stroessner's strong anti-communism made him a friend to United States interests for most of his rule. During Stroessner's rule, no Communist nations had embassies in Paraguay, with the sole exception of Yugoslavia.[2] He was respected for his success in repaying loans granted to the Paraguayan government by the World Bank and other institutions, thus keeping the currency stable. A diplomatic mission is a group of people from one nation state present in another nation state to represent the sending state in the receiving State. ...
Capital Belgrade Language(s) Serbo-Croatian, Slovenian, Macedonian, Albanian, Hungarian and languages of other nationalities. ...
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Stroessner made many state visits, including to Emperor Hirohito of Japan, President Johnson of the United States, President Charles de Gaulle of France and several visits to West Germany, although over the years his relations with West Germany soured. Since he had always been known as pro-German, this worsening of relations, combined with his feeling that the U.S. had abandoned him, were regarded as personal blows to Stroessner. For the CPR ocean liner, see Empress of Japan. ...
Emperor ShÅwa ) (April 29, 1901–January 7, 1989) was the 124th emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, reigning from December 25, 1926 until his death in 1989. ...
“LBJ†redirects here. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
 President Stroessner. Stamp Scott no. 1452 His regime is also blamed for torture, kidnappings and corruption, of which the "terror archives", discovered in 1992 in Lambaré suburb of Asunción, gave proof; he did not dispute charges of corruption at some levels in his government. Corruption even extended to the highest echelons of the government, including Stroessner himself; estimates of the Stroessner family fortune run as high as $300 million.[3] He did become more tolerant of opposition as the years passed, but there was no change in the regime's basic character. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...
Torture is defined by the United Nations Convention Against Torture as any act by which severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him or a third person information or a confession, punishing him for an act he...
The terror archives were found in December 22, 1992 by Dr. MartÃn Almada, a lawyer and human-rights activist and judge José Fernandez in a police station in a suburb of Asunción (Lambaré), capital of Paraguay. ...
Lambaré is a city in Central Department, Paraguay. ...
This article does not cite any references or sources. ...
Despite this, strong Paraguayan-U.S. relations continued until the Carter Administration. The Reagan Administration boycotted the country as well.[4] Order: 39th President Term of Office: January 20, 1977–January 20, 1981 Preceded by: Gerald Ford Succeeded by: Ronald Reagan Date of birth: October 1, 1924 Place of birth: Plains, Georgia Date of death: Place of death: First Lady: Rosalynn Carter Political party: Democratic Vice President: Walter Mondale James...
President Reagan, with his Cabinet and staff, in the Oval Office (February 4, 1981) Headed by U.S. President Ronald Reagan from 1981 to 1989, the Reagan Administration was conservative, steadfastly anti-Communist and in favor of tax cuts and smaller government. ...
Some maintain that the Catholic Church is the only reason Stroessner did not have absolute control over the country.[5] After the destruction of Asunción University in 1972 by police, the Archbishop of Paraguay excommunicated the minister of the interior and the chief of police, and proscribed the celebration of Holy Mass in a sign of protest against the Stroessner regime. When Pope John Paul II visited Paraguay in 1988, his visit energised Paraguayan dissidents, and bolstered what was already a robust anti-Stroessner movement within the country.[6] In Christianity, an archbishop is an elevated bishop. ...
A Medieval Low Mass by a bishop. ...
Coat of Arms of Pope John Paul II. The Letter M is for Mary, the mother of Jesus, to whom he held strong devotion Pope John Paul II (Latin: , Italian: Giovanni Paolo II, Polish: Jan Paweł II) born [] (May 18, 1920, Wadowice, Poland – April 2, 2005, Vatican City) reigned as...
Economics Stroessner was, however, known for several positive economic policies, including the building of the second-largest hydroelectric power plant in the world in Itaipu, with which he exported electricity to other countries, developing Paraguay's economy. Although Paraguay received only 2% of the energy and 15% of the contracts, it was a major factor allowing the country to have the highest rate of growth in Latin America for most of the 1970s.[7] Hydroelectricity is the worlds most important renewable energy source The Nagarjuna dam & hydro-electric plant, India Hydroelectricity is electricity produced by hydropower. ...
Oil power plant in Iraq A power station (also referred to as generating station or power plant) is a facility for the generation of electric power. ...
Itaipu Dam close-up Itaipu (Guarani: Itaipu, Portuguese: Itaipu, Spanish: Itaipú; pronounced ) is a hydroelectric dam on the Paraná River located on the border between Brazil and Paraguay. ...
Paraguay has a market economy and is marked by a large informal sector. ...
Furthermore the construction of the Itiapu Dam, as well as the subsequently built Yacyretá Dam on the Paraguay-Argentina Border, displaced thousands of Paraguayans, pushing them from their home, often without any retribution. The Itaipu Dam displaced at least 80,000 Paraguayans, and the Yacyretá will have displaced at least that many by December of 2008.
Stroessner was also known for many infrastructure projects that improved the country's highway system. Another programme that Stroessner supported was the granting of twenty hectares of arable lands for a nominal price to any soldier who completed military service, provided that the soldier would use the land for farming purposes. Over 10,000 soldiers took up this offer.
Downfall On February 3, 1989, only a few months after being elected to his ninth full term, Stroessner was ousted by a coup d'état led by General Andrés Rodríguez, who had been his friend and comrade-in-arms for many years. He fled to Brazil, where he lived in exile for the next seventeen and a half years. February 3 is the 34th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ...
// A coup dÉtat (pronounced ), or simply coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, often through illegal means by a part of the state establishment — mostly replacing just the high-level figures. ...
Andrés RodrÃguez Pedotti (June 19, 1923 - April 21, 1997) was the President of Paraguay from February 3, 1989 to August 15, 1993. ...
The eastern city Puerto Flor de Lis, which had been renamed Puerto Presidente Stroessner in his honour, in 1989 was again renamed Ciudad del Este. Ciudad del Este is the capital of Alto Paraná department, in Paraguay, situated at . ...
Paraguayans remain divided on Stroessner and his controversial legacy. Many feel a strong sense of distaste toward him, perceiving him as a widely corrupt, authoritarian dictator. Those who defend his legacy cite the political stability and economic progress that prevailed under his rule.
Stroessner died of a lung complication on August 16, 2006, in Brasília, at the age of 93. The immediate cause of death was a stroke. He had been suffering from pneumonia after undergoing an earlier hernia operation.[8] The Paraguayan government preemptively dismissed any suggestions for honoring the late president within Paraguay.[9] is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...
For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...
Nickname: Location of BrasÃlia Coordinates: , Region Central-West State Distrito Federal Founded 21 April 1960 Government - Administrator Ricardo Hernane Pires Area - City 5,802 km² (2,240. ...
Stroke (or cerebrovascular accident or CVA) is the clinical designation for a rapidly developing loss of brain function due to an interruption in the blood supply to all or part of the brain. ...
Pneumonia is an illness of the lungs and respiratory system in which the alveoli (microscopic air-filled sacs of the lung responsible for absorbing oxygen from the atmosphere) become inflamed and flooded with fluid. ...
A hernia is often likened to the failure of a tire. ...
Footnotes
External links
Sources - Paraguay Under Stroessner, by Paul H. Lewis
- Stroessner Era: Authoritarian Rule in Paraguay by Carlos R. Miranda
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