Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia (1872-1918)

Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine (German: Victoria Alix Helene Luise Beatrice Prinzessin von Hessen und bei Rhein), 6 June 1872 - 17 July 1918), under the title Empress Alexandra Fyodorovna, was Empress consort of Russia. She was the wife of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, the last Tsar. She was a granddaughter of Queen Victoria. Although born Alix – a German corruption of her mother's name, Alice – she assumed the name Alexandra Fyodorovna upon blessing into the Russian Orthodox Church. Image File history File links User talk:Dianahdez#Image:Alix. ... Image File history File links User talk:Dianahdez#Image:Alix. ... June 6 is the 157th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (158th in leap years), with 208 days remaining. ... 1872 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 167 days remaining. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... King George V of the United Kingdom and his consort, Queen Mary A queen consort is the wife and consort of a reigning king. ... Nicholas II, Tsar of Russia Nicholas II of Russia ( 18 May 1868 – 17 July 1918) was the last crowned Emperor of Russia. ... Tsar (Bulgarian цар, Russian царь,   listen?; often spelled Czar or Tzar and sometimes Csar or Zar in English), was the title used for the autocratic rulers of the First and Second Bulgarian Empires since 913, in Serbia in the middle of the 14th century, and in Russia from 1547 to 1917 (although... Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) (24 May 1819–22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837, and Empress of India from 1 January 1877 until her death. ... Saint Basils Cathedral, a well-known Russian Orthodox church situated in Moscow The Russian Orthodox Church (Русская Православная церковь) is that body of Christians who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in communion with the other patriarchs and primates of the Eastern Orthodox Church. ...

Alexandra is remembered as the last Tsaritsa of Russia, as one of the most famous genetic carriers of hemophilia, as well as for her authoritarian control over the country. Her relationship with the Russian mystic Grigori Rasputin was also an important factor in her life. A Tsaritsa (Цари́ца), also called tsarina, czarina, or czaritsa, was the title of Tsars wife or a female autocratic ruler(monarch) of Russia or Bulgaria. ... Grigori Rasputin Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin (Russian: Григо́рий Ефи́мович Распу́тин) (1870(?) – December 16, 1916 (O.S.)) was a Russian mystic with an influence in the later days of Russias Romanov dynasty. ...

Early life

Alexandra was born on June 6, 1872 at Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany. Her father was His Royal Highness Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse, the ruling Duke of Hesse. Her mother was HRH The Princess Alice, the second eldest daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. She was baptized Lutheran and given the names of her mother and all her sisters, in order, the five daughters of Queen Victoria. June 6 is the 157th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (158th in leap years), with 208 days remaining. ... 1872 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Map of Germany showing Darmstadt Darmstadt is a city in the Bundesland (federal state) of Hesse in Germany. ... Hesse is also the name of the German writer Hermann Hesse, as well as the German mathematician Otto Hesse. ... Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, K.G. (12 September 1837 in Bessungen, now Darmstadt - 13 March 1892 in Darmstadt), the ruler of the small German grand duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt (Hesse and by Rhine), was the husband of Princess Alice of Great Britain and Ireland, the... Princess Alice of the United Kingdom (Alice Maud Mary), (25 April 1843 – 14 December 1878, was a member of the British Royal Family, the third child and second daughter of Queen Victoria. ... Victoria Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) (24 May 1819–22 January 1901) was a Queen of the United Kingdom, reigning from 20 June 1837 until her death. ... Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (Francis Charles Augustus Albert Emmanuel, of the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha branch of the House of Wettin) (26 August 1819 - 14 December 1861) was the husband and consort of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ...

Her mother died when she was six, and her father died when she was twenty. Alexandra's brother, Prince Ernst Ludwig succeeded to the Grand Duchy of Hesse upon the death of his father. Ernst Ludwig, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (25 November 1868 Darmstadt - 9 October 1937 Schloß Wolfsgarten) was the reigning Grand Duke of Hesse from 1892 to 1918. ...

As she lost her mother at an early age, she was very close to her grandmother, Queen Victoria, and was often thought to be Victoria's favourite granddaughter. Alexandra spent many of her early years in the United Kingdom, and stayed frequently with her English relatives at Balmoral Castle and Osborne House. Balmoral Castle Balmoral Castle, painted by Queen Victoria in 1854 during its construction Balmoral Castle is a large mansion built by Queen Victoria in the Scottish baronial style on the River Dee in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, current (as of 2004) summer residence of Queen Elizabeth II, who stays there for 12... Osborne House and its magnificent grounds are now open to the public Osborne House is a former royal residence in East Cowes, Isle of Wight, UK. The house was built between 1845 and 1851 for Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. ...

Marriage

Alexandra was married relatively late for her rank in her era, having refused a proposal from Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence (the eldest son of the Prince of Wales) despite strong familial pressure. She had, however, already met a distant cousin, the Tsarevich of Russia, Nicholas II of Russia. At first, Nicholas's father, Tsar Alexander III, refused the prospect of marriage, but later relented as his health began to fail. Alexandra was troubled by the requirement she renounce her Lutheran faith, as a Russian Tsarina had to be Orthodox; but she was persuaded and eventually became a fervent, even fanatic convert. She and Nicholas became engaged in April 1894. Alexander III died in November of that year, and Nicholas became Tsar of all the Russias at the age of twenty-five. His Royal Highness Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale (Albert Victor Christian Edward Wettin) (January 8, 1864 – January 14, 1892) was born in Windsor, England, the eldest son of the Prince of Wales (the future King Edward VII) and Alexandra of Denmark, and was therefore the second in... This page has been protected from editing to deal with vandalism. ... Nicholas II, Tsar of Russia Nicholas II of Russia ( 18 May 1868 – 17 July 1918) was the last crowned Emperor of Russia. ... Painting of Tsar Alexander III (1886), by Ivan Kramskoi (1837-1887), original, 41 x 36 in. ...

Alexandra and her daughters, Olga, Tatiana, Anastasia, and Maria, 1913

Alexandra and Nicholas married on November 26, 1894 at the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg, Russia. They had five children: This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... November 26 is the 330th day (331st on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1894 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Located on the bank of the Neva River, the Winter Palace in St. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland...

• Grand Duchess Olga of Russia, (November 15, 1895 - July 17, 1918)
• Grand Duchess Tatiana of Russia, (June 10, 1897 - July 17, 1918)
• Grand Duchess Maria of Russia, June 26, 1899 - July 17, 1918)
• Grand Duchess Anastasia of Russia, June 18, 1901 - July 17, 1918)
• Tsarevich Alexei of Russia, (August 12, 1904 - July 17, 1918)

Unfortunately, Alexandra was a carrier of hemophilia, inherited from Queen Victoria through her mother, Princess Alice. Alexandra transmitted the disease to her son, Alexei. Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna (1895-1918) Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia (Olga Nikolaevna Romanova) (In Russian Великая Княжна Ольга Николаевна), also known as Olishka (November 15, 1895 - July 17, 1918), was the eldest daughter of Nicholas II of Russia and Alexandra of Hesse. ... November 15 is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 46 days remaining. ... 1895 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 167 days remaining. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna (1897-1918) Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia (Tatiana Nikolaevna Romanova) (In Russian Великая Княжна Татьяна Николаевна) (June 10, 1897 - July 17, 1918) was the second daughter of Nicholas II of Russia and Alexandra of Hesse. ... June 10 is the 161st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (162nd in leap years), with 204 days remaining. ... 1897 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 167 days remaining. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna (1899-1918) Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia (Maria Nikolaevna Romanova) (In Russian Великая Княжна Мария Николаевна), also known as Marie or Mashka ( June 26, 1899 - July 17, 1918) was the third daughter of Nicholas II of Russia and Alexandra of Hesse. ... June 26 is the 177th day of the year (178th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 188 days remaining. ... 1899 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 167 days remaining. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna (1901-1918) Grand Duchess Anastasia of Russia (Anastasia Nikolaevna Romanova, in Russian: Великая Княжна Анастасия Николаевна ) (June 18, 1901 – July 17, 1918) was the youngest daughter of Emperor Nicholas II of Russia and Empress Alexandra. ... June 18 is the 169th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (170th in leap years), with 196 days remaining. ... 1901 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 167 days remaining. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Tsarevich Alexei (1904-1918) Tsesarevich (Tsarevich) Alexei Nikolaevich of Russia (In Russian Царевич Алексей Николаевич) (August 12, 1904 - July 17, 1918), of the House of Romanov, was a Tsarevich of Russia and was the youngest child of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and Alexandra of Hesse. ... August 12 is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1904 is a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... July 17 is the 198th day (199th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 167 days remaining. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Haemophilia or hemophilia is the name of any of several hereditary genetic illnesses that impair the bodys ability to control bleeding. ... Victoria Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) (24 May 1819–22 January 1901) was a Queen of the United Kingdom, reigning from 20 June 1837 until her death. ...

Tsaritsa Alexandra

In 1895, Nicholas and Alexandra were crowned Tsar and Tsaritsa of Russia in an extravagant ceremony in Moscow. The coronation ceremony was marred by the deaths of several thousand peasants, who had come to receive gifts. This bad omen for the reign of Nicholas and Alexandra did not go unnoticed. 1895 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Basils Cathedral and Spasskaya Tower of Moscow Kremlin at Red Square. ... In a detail of Brueghels Land of Cockaigne (1567) a soft-boiled egg has little feet to rush to the luxuriating peasant who catches drops of honey on his tongue, while roast pigs roam wild: the 16th century was a good time for European peasants A peasant, from 15th...

Tsaritsa Alexandra

Alexandra was unpopular at court and with the Russian people, lacking charm and social skills. She was hurt by her unenthusiastic reception, and declared herself to be tired of the loose morals and etiquette of the Russian court. She did not attempt to forge bonds with the other members of the large Romanov family and she generally attended as few court occasions as possible. She was unfavourably compared to her popular (and still youthful) predecessor, Dowager Empress Maria, a sister-in-law of Edward VII of the United Kingdom, who had a higher court precedence. This was not conducive to happy family relations. Her failure to produce an heir to the Russian throne in her first four attempts was also judged harshly. Description: Photograph of the Czarina Alexandra of Russia, June 1901. ... Description: Photograph of the Czarina Alexandra of Russia, June 1901. ... A court is an official, public forum which a public power establishes by lawful authority to adjudicate disputes, and to dispense civil, labour, administrative and criminal justice under the law. ... This page has been protected from editing to deal with vandalism. ...

Alexandra was fiercely protective of her husband's role as Tsar, and actively supported his rights as an autocratic ruler. She was a fervent advocate of the divine right, and believed that it was unnecessary to attempt to secure the approval of the people. Tsar (Bulgarian цар, Russian царь,   listen?; often spelled Czar or Tzar and sometimes Csar or Zar in English), was the title used for the autocratic rulers of the First and Second Bulgarian Empires since 913, in Serbia in the middle of the 14th century, and in Russia from 1547 to 1917 (although... An autocrat is generally speaking any ruler with absolute power; the term is now usually used in a negative sense (cf. ...

Rasputin

The birth of Alexei occurred at the height of the Russo-Japanese War on August 12, 1904. The Tsarevitch was the heir apparent to the throne of Russia, and Alexandra had fulfilled her most important role as Tsarina, in bearing a male child. The excitement was short-lived, when it was discovered Alexei suffered from hemophilia, which could only have been transmitted from Alexandra's side of the family. Hemophilia was generally fatal in the early 20th century, and had entered the royal houses of Europe via the daughters of Queen Victoria, who was a carrier. Alexandra had lost a brother to the disease, as well as an uncle, HRH Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany; it also spread to the Spanish and Prussian royal families, via other granddaughters of Queen Victoria. As an incurable and life threatening illness, suffered by the sole male heir, the heir's disease was kept secret from the Russian people. Greater Manchuria, Russian (outer) Manchuria is region to upper right in lighter Red; Liaodong Peninsula is the wedge extending into the Yellow Sea The Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) was an extremely bloody conflict that grew out of the rival imperialist ambitions of Imperial Russia and Japan in Manchuria and... August 12 is the 224th day of the year (225th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1904 is a leap year starting on a Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Contrasting with heir presumptive, an heir apparent is one who cannot be prevented from inheriting by the birth of any other person. ... Haemophilia or hemophilia is the name of any of several hereditary genetic illnesses that impair the bodys ability to control bleeding. ... His Royal Highness The Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany (Leopold George Duncan Albert) (7 April 1853 - 28 March 1884), was a member of the British Royal Family, a son of Queen Victoria. ...

At first Alexandra turned to Russian doctors and medics to treat Alexei; however, their treatments generally failed, and Alexandra increasingly turned to mystics and holy men. One of these, Grigori Rasputin, appeared to have a success still inexplicable today. Rasputin's unpopularity, however, and the dark rumours about him lead Nicholas to distance him from the family. In 1912, Alexei suffered a life-threatening hemorrhage in the thigh and groin while the family were at Spala, Poland. At this point Alexandra took the advice of her intimate friend Anna Vyrubova and sent a telegram to Grigori Rasputin. Rasputin's response, that Alexei was over the worst and the doctors should leave him to recover, coincided with his revival. From 1912 onwards, Alexandra came to rely increasingly on Rasputin, and to believe in his ability to ease Alexei's suffering. This reliance enhanced Rasputin's political power, which was to critically undermine Romanov rule during the First World War. Grigori Rasputin Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin (Russian: Григо́рий Ефи́мович Распу́тин) (1870(?) – December 16, 1916 (O.S.)) was a Russian mystic with an influence in the later days of Russias Romanov dynasty. ... Anna Alexandrovna Taneyeva, 16 July 1884, Lady in Waiting and confidante to Tsaritsa Alexandra Fyodorovna, credited with the introduction of Rasputin to the family of Tsar Nikolai II. However, in her memoirs she explains that, contrary to popular belief, she did not introduce Rasputin to the Imperial Family. ... Grigori Rasputin Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin (Russian: Григо́рий Ефи́мович Распу́тин) (1870(?) – December 16, 1916 (O.S.)) was a Russian mystic with an influence in the later days of Russias Romanov dynasty. ... 1912 is a leap year starting on Monday. ...

World War One

The outbreak of World War I was a pivotal moment for Russia and Alexandra. The War pitted Russia against Germany, the place of Alexandra's birth, and where her brother was Grand Duke of Hesse. This made Alexandra very unpopular with the Russian people, who accused her of collaboration with the Germans. The German Kaiser, Wilhelm II was also Alexandra's first cousin. Kaiser is a German title meaning emperor, derived from the Roman title of Caesar, as is the Slavic title of Czar. ... Wilhelm II of Prussia and Germany, Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor Albert von Hohenzollern (January 27, 1859 - June 4, 1941) was the last German Emperor (Kaiser) and the last King (König) of Prussia from 1888 - 1918. ...

When the Tsar travelled to the front line in 1915 to take personal command of the Army, he left Alexandra in charge in St. Petersburg. Alexandra was not gifted at government, and constantly appointed and reappointed new ministers, which meant the government was never stable nor efficient. This was particularly dangerous in a war of attrition, as neither the troops nor the civilian population were ever adequately supplied. She paid great attention to the self-serving advice of Rasputin, and their relationship was widely (and inaccurately) believed to be sexual in nature. She was the focus of ever increasing and extremely negative rumours, and widely believed to be a German spy in the Russian court. Rasputin was eventually murdered by junior members of the Romanov family (Grand Duke Dmitri, and Prince Felix Yusupov, who was married to the Tsar's niece Irina) in 1916. 1915 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Prince Felix Yusupov (Феликс Феликсович Юсупов) (b. ... 1916 is a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January-February January 1 -The first successful blood transfusion using blood that had been stored and cooled. ...

Alexandra's relationship with the Tsar was loving but extremely manipulative and controlling, and he backed her against the strongly voiced complaints of the Romanov family.

Revolution

Russia crashed out of World War I in 1917, and the February Revolution that followed, forced the Tsar to abdicate the throne both for himself and the Tsarevich Alexei. Alexandra was now in a perilous position as the wife of the deposed Tsar, hated by the Russian people. Despite the fact he was a cousin of both Alexandra and Nicholas, King George V refused to allow them to evacuate to the UK, as he was alarmed by their unpopularity in his country and the potential repercussions on his own throne. 1917 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The February Revolution of 1917 in Russia was the first stage of the Russian Revolution of 1917. ... George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert Windsor, formerly von Wettin) (3 June 1865–20 January 1936) was the last British monarch of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, changing the name to the House of Windsor in 1917. ...

The Provisional Government formed after the revolution kept Nicholas, Alexandra and their children confined in their primary residence, the Alexander Palace at Tsarskoye Selo, until they were moved to Tobolsk in Siberia in August 1917, a step by the Kerensky government designed to remove them from the capital and possible harm. They remained in Tobolsk until after the Bolshevik Revolution in November 1917 (the "October Revolution"), but were subsequently moved to Red-controlled Yekaterinburg in the Ural Mountains. The Tsar and Tsaritsa and all of their family, including the gravely ill Alexei, along with several family servants, were executed by firing squad in the basement of the Ipatiev House, where they had been imprisoned, on the night of July 16 (or 17), 1918, by a detachment of Bolsheviks led by Yakov Yurovsky. The Russian Provisional Government was formed in Petrograd after the deterioration of the Russian Empire and the abdication of the Tsars. ... The Alexander Palace is a former imperial palace in Russia. ... Tsarskoye Selo (Царское Село in Russian, may be translated as “Tsar’s Village”), a former residence of the royal families and visiting nobility 24 km south of St. ... Tobolsk (Тобо́льск; Tatar: Tubıl) is a town in Tyumen Oblast, Siberia, Russia. ... Siberia Siberia (Russian: , common English transliterations: Sibir’, Sibir; from the Tatar for “sleeping land”) is a vast region of Russia and northern Kazakhstan constituting almost all of northern Asia. ... Note: as an adjective (stressed on the second syllable instead of the first), august means honorable. ... 1917 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Alexander Kerensky Alexander Fyodorovich Kerensky (Russian: Алекса́ндр Фёдорович Ке́ренский) (April 22, 1881 (May 2, New Style) - June 11, 1970) was the second Prime Minister of the Russian Provisional Government, immediately before the Bolsheviks and Lenin came to power. ... Tobolsk (Тобо́льск; Tatar: Tubıl) is a town in Tyumen Oblast, Siberia, Russia. ... The October Revolution, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was the second phase of the Russian Revolution, the first having been instigated by the events around the February Revolution. ... Photograph of snow-covered Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburgs Church on the Blood, built on the spot where the Tsar and his family were executed. ... The Ural Mountains (Russian: Ура́льские го́ры = Ура́л) also known simply as the Urals and as the Riphean Mountains in Greco-Roman antiquity, is a mountain range that runs roughly north and south through western Russia. ... Bolshevik Party Meeting. ... Yakov Mikhailovich Yurovsky Yakov Mikhailovich Yurovsky (June 19, 1878 Note in Tomsk, Siberia, Russia - 1938 in Moscow) is best known as the chief executioner of Russias last emperor Tsar Nicholas and his family after the Russian Revolution of 1917. ...

Identification and burial

Alexandra's body was buried with her family in a disused mine-shaft, 12 miles north of Yekaterinburg. In the early 1990s, following the fall of the Soviet Union, the bodies of the Romanovs were located, exhumed and formally identified. A secret report by Yurovsky, which came to light in the late 1970s, but did not become public knowledge until the 1990s, helped the authorities to locate the bodies. DNA analysis was a key means of identifying them. A blood sample from Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (a matrilineal great-grandson of Alexandra's mother) was used to identify Alexandra and her daughters through their mitochondrial DNA. Alexandra, Nicholas and their children (except Alexei and one daughter, whose remains were missing) were reinterred in the Romanov family crypt in the Peter and Paul Cathedral in 1998, with much ceremony, on the 80th anniversary of the execution. HRH The Duke of Edinburgh His Royal Highness The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, KG, KT, OM, GBE, AC, QSO, PC, (Philip Mountbatten, formerly Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark) (born 10 June 1921) is the consort of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. ... Matrilineality is a system in which one belongs to ones mothers lineage; it may also involve the inheritance of property or titles through the female line. ... Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA, or less popularly, mDNA) is DNA which is not located in the nucleus of the cell but in the mitochondria. ... The Peter and Paul Cathedral is located inside the Peter and Paul Fortress in St. ... 1998 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ...

In 2001 she and her family were canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church. 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... Canonization is the process of declaring someone a saint and involves proving that a candidate has lived in such a way that he or she is worthy of sainthood. ... Saint Basils Cathedral, a well-known Russian Orthodox church situated in Moscow The Russian Orthodox Church (Русская Православная церковь) is that body of Christians who are united under the Patriarch of Moscow, who in turn is in communion with the other patriarchs and primates of the Eastern Orthodox Church. ...

Her life was dramatized in Nicholas and Alexandra. Nicholas and Alexandra is a 1971 biographical film which tells the story of Czar Nicholas II of Russia and his wife, the Czarina Alexandra, the last of Russias monarchs. ...

Titles

• Her Grand Ducal Highness Princess and Landgravine Alix of Hesse and by Rhine
• Her Imperial Majesty Empress Alexandra Fyodorovna of Russia