Heydar Aliyev

Took Office:	June 24, 1993
Left Office:	October 31, 2003
Predecessor:	Abulfez Elchibey
Successor:	Ilham Aliyev
Date of Birth:	May 10, 1923?
Place of Birth:	Naxçıvan, Soviet Union
Date of Death:	December 13, 2003
Place of Death:	Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
Political party:	New Azerbaijan Party

Heydar Alirza oglu Aliyev (Heydər Əlirza oğlu Əliyev in Azerbaijani) (sometimes transliterated as Heydar Aliev or Geidar Aliev from the Russian Гейдар Алиев) (May 10, 1923? - December 12, 2003) served as president of Azerbaijan for the New Azerbaijan Party from June 1993 to October 2003, when his son Ilham Aliyev "won" election to succeed him. Aliyev dominated the political life of Azerbaijan for over 30 years, but left his oil-rich country with a problematic legacy of gross corruption. (See also Politics of Azerbaijan.) He was married to Zarifa Aziz kizy Aliyeva, who died in 1985, and was survived by his son and daughter. Source of picture: Presidency of Azerbaijan File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Jump to: navigation, search June 24 is the 175th day of the year (176th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 190 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1993 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... Jump to: navigation, search October 31 is the 304th day of the year (305th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 61 days remaining, as the final day of October. ... Jump to: navigation, search 2003 (MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Abulfez Elchibey, leader of the Popular Front, won the presidential elections in Azerbaijan, prompting the return to a senior post for Heydar Aliev, former leader of the Soviet Union Communist Party. ... Ilham Heydar oglu Aliyev (Azerbaijani in full: Ä°lham HeydÉ™r oÄŸlu Əliyev) (born December 24, 1961) has been president of Azerbaijan for the New Azerbaijan Party since 2003. ... Jump to: navigation, search May 10 is the 130th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (131st in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1923 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... National motto: none Official language Azerbaijani Capital Nakhichevan (city) President Heydar Aliyev Prime Minister Artur Rasizade Area  - Total  - % water 5,500 km² negligible Population  - Total 310,000 Establishment  - Declared  - Recognition 1991 recognized internationally only as part of Azerbaijan Currency Azerbaijani Manat Time zone  - in summer EET (UTC+4) EEST (UTC... Jump to: navigation, search December 13 is the 347th day of the year (348th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 2003 (MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Jump to: navigation, search State nickname: The Buckeye State Other U.S. States Capital Columbus Largest city Columbus Governor Bob Taft (R) Senators Mike DeWine (R) George Voinovich (R) Official languages None Area 116,096 km² (34th)  - Land 106,154 km²  - Water 10,044 km² (8. ... ... The New Azerbaijan Party (Yeni AzÉ™rbaycan Partiyası) is the ruling political party in Azerbaijan. ... Jump to: navigation, search May 10 is the 130th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (131st in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1923 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search December 12 is the 346th day (347th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 2003 (MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The New Azerbaijan Party (Yeni AzÉ™rbaycan Partiyası) is the ruling political party in Azerbaijan. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1993 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... Jump to: navigation, search 2003 (MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ilham Heydar oglu Aliyev (Azerbaijani in full: Ä°lham HeydÉ™r oÄŸlu Əliyev) (born December 24, 1961) has been president of Azerbaijan for the New Azerbaijan Party since 2003. ... Jump to: navigation, search Oil is a generic term for organic liquids that are not miscible with water. ... ...

Aliyev's career in the Soviet era

Aliyev obscured much of his early life, and details remain uncertain. He claimed to have been born into a working-class family in the Azerbaijani province of Nakhçhivan, but other sources suggest he was actually born in Armenia. Doubt also exists over his date of birth. He also claimed to have studied at the Azerbaijan State University in Baku, graduating with a degree in history. It seems, however, that he actually attended the Ministry of State Security Academy in Leningrad. Map of Azerbaijan, showing Naxçıvan to the bottom-left Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (or Naxçıvan Muxtar Respublikası) is an exclave of Azerbaijan. ... Baku (Azeri: Bakı, Russian: Баку) is the capital of Azerbaijan. ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea. ...

He joined the Azerbaijani Committee of State Security (the KGB) in 1944. He worked his way up through the ranks, becoming its deputy chairman in 1964 and chairman in 1967. Two years later, in 1969, Leonid Brezhnev's administration appointed Aliyev to the post of First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Azerbaijani Communist Party. He also became a candidate (non-voting) member of the Soviet Politburo in 1976. He occupied this position until December 1982 when Yuri Andropov promoted him to the post of first Deputy Prime Minister of the Soviet Union. Aliyev thus became the first Muslim full member of the Politburo. He took up responsibility for transport and for social services. Jump to: navigation, search The KGB emblem and motto: The sword and the shield KGB is the Russian-language acronym for the Committee for State Security, (Russian: Комите́т Госуда́рственной Безопа́сности ▶(?); Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti), and was the umbrella organisation name for (i) the principal Soviet internal Security Agency, (ii) the principal intelligence agency, and... Jump to: navigation, search 1944 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1964 was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1967 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1969 was a common year starting on Wednesday For other uses, see Number 1969. ... Jump to: navigation, search Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev listen [▶] (Russian: ) (December 19 (O.S. December 6) 1906 – November 10, 1982) was effective ruler of the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1982, though at first in partnership with others. ... In modern usage, a Communist party is a political party which promotes communism, a sociopolitical philosophy based on the particular interpretation of Marxism put forth by Vladimir Lenin. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Politburo (in Russian: Политбюро), known as the Presidium from 1952 to 1966, functioned as the central policymaking and governing body of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1976 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1982 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov (Ю́рий Влади́мирович Андро́пов), (June 2 (O.S.) = June 15 (N.S.), 1914 – February 9, 1984) was a Soviet politician and General Secretary of the CPSU from November 12, 1982 until his death just sixteen months later. ... Jump to: navigation, search A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم) is an adherent of Islam. ...

His star waned following the appointment in 1985 of Mikhail Gorbachev as Soviet leader. His political views became a liability in the era of perestroika. His fall from grace became public when the state newspaper Pravda attacked him for corruption, with critics labeling him "one of the great Communist dinosaurs." In October 1987, Gorbachev mounted a clear-out of the Brezhnevite old guard and forced Aliyev to resign from the Politburo and as head of the Azerbaijan Communist Party "for reasons of health". Jump to: navigation, search This article is about the year. ... Jump to: navigation, search Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov (Gorbachev) listen [â–¶] (Russian: ; pronunciation: ) (born March 2, 1931), was leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991. ... Perestroika   listen? (Перестро́йка) is the Russian word (which passed into English) for the economic reforms introduced in June 1987 by the Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. ... Jump to: navigation, search This article treats the Soviet/Russian newspaper. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1987 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Fall and re-invention

President Aliyev with U.S. President Clinton

Aliyev returned to his native Nakhçhivan in 1990. He re-invented himself as a moderate nationalist, resigning from the Communist Party in ostensible protest against the violent Soviet suppression of demonstrations in Baku in January 1990. He was subsequently won election as a deputy in the Azerbaijani legislature and in 1991 gained the appointment of Chairman of the Supreme Majlis [Council] of the Nakhçhivan Autonomous Republic. Azerbaijan declared its independence from the Soviet Union on August 30, 1991, though it did not receive formal recognition of its new status until the USSR dissolved in December that year. Image File history File links Aliyev&Clinton. ... Image File history File links Aliyev&Clinton. ... ... Jump to: navigation, search William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe, III on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1990 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search // Nationalism is an ideology which holds that the nation, ethnicity or national identity is a fundamental unit of human social life, and makes certain political claims based on that belief, above all the claim that the nation is the only legitimate basis for the state and... Jump to: navigation, search 1991 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search August 30 is the 242nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (243rd in leap years), with 123 days remaining. ... The rise of Gorbachev Although reform stalled between 1964–1982, the generational shift gave new momentum for reform. ...

The period immediately after the declaration of independence proved a troubled one for Azerbaijan, which became locked in a bloody conflict with Armenia over the Armenian-populated enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh. The Azerbaijani president, Abulfaz Elchibey, turned in 1992 to Aliyev to bolster a weak and ineffective government, appointing him to the post of Deputy Chairman of the Supreme Council of Azerbaijan. Nagorno-Karabakh (Azerbaijani: Dağlıq Qarabağ or Yuxarı Qarabağ, literally mountainous black garden or upper black garden; Russian: Нагорный Карабах, translit. ... Abulfaz Elcibay (ƏbülfÉ™z ElçibÉ™y in Azerbaijani; June 7, 1938-August 22, 2000) was an Azerbaijan political figure. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1992 was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ...

By 1993, Azerbaijan had descended into chaos and seemed on the verge of a civil war, following disastrous military defeats inflicted by the Armenians. Echibey had to flee the capital in June following an attempted coup d'état. Aliyev became acting president and, as part of a deal with the coup leaders, gained appointment as the Chairman of the Supreme Council of Azerbaijan on June 15. The National Assembly elected him as President nine days later. Jump to: navigation, search 1993 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... Jump to: navigation, search A coup détat (pronounced /ku de ta/), or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group or pillow that just replaces the top power figures. ... Jump to: navigation, search June 15 is the 166th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (167th in leap years), with 199 days remaining. ...

Aliyev as President

Over the course of the subsequent decade, Aliyev ruled his country with a firm hand, encouraging foreign investment while discouraging political dissent. He twice ran and won the presidency of Azerbaijan in national elections (held in the October of 1993 and the October of 1998), but international observers regarded neither election as free or fair. Jump to: navigation, search 1993 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1998 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ...

Aliyev had considerable success at attracting multinational companies to invest heavily in Azerbaijan's oil industry, which controlled large oil and gas reserves under the Caspian Sea but had suffered poor management in Soviet times. In 1997 President Aliyev signed a huge contract with the international oil consortium AIOC. He also acted as one of the driving forces behind the controversial multi-billion dollar project to build an oil pipeline from Baku to Ceyhan in Turkey, via neighboring Georgia (thus bypassing Russia to the north and Iran, much to those countries' displeasure). Jump to: navigation, search Oil is a generic term for organic liquids that are not miscible with water. ... Caspian Sea viewed from orbit The Caspian Sea or Mazandaran Sea is a landlocked sea between Asia and Europe (European Russia). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1997(MCMXCVII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ceyhan is the second most populous city of the Turkish province of Adana and is an important Mediterranean port. ...

However, mismangement corruption flourished under Aliyev's decade of autocratic rule and Azerbaijan gained an unenviable reputation as one of the most corrupt countries in the world. Aliyev and his son, Illham both stood accused of personally skimming off huge sums of oil revenue, leading to some describing the country as a kleptocracy. Kleptocracy (sometimes Cleptocracy) (root: Klepto+cracy = rule by thieves) is a pejorative, informal term for a government so corrupt that no pretense of honesty remains. ...

He also tried but failed to resolve the Nagorno-Karabakh crisis, attempting a military solution in December 1993 that eventually resulted in an estimated 30,000 deaths and the displacement of a further 750,000 Azeris. The issue remains unresolved, with Armenian rule continuing in Nagorno-Karabakh and Azerbaijan still hosting several hundred thousand refugees. Nagorno-Karabakh (Azerbaijani: Dağlıq Qarabağ or Yuxarı Qarabağ, literally mountainous black garden or upper black garden; Russian: Нагорный Карабах, translit. ... It has been suggested that Azeri be merged into this article or section. ...

In 1995 assassins tried to kill Aliyev in retaliation for his attempts to clean up the Turkish casino influence in Azerbaijan. The authorities never captured the would-be assassins, who presumably included Abdullah Catli. Jump to: navigation, search 1995 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jack Ruby murdered the assassin, Lee Harvey Oswald, in a very public manner. ... Jump to: navigation, search Mirage Hotel & Casino, Las Vegas (jb) A casino is a building that accommodates certain types of gambling games and activities. ...

Aliyev's health began to fail in 1999, when he had a major heart bypass operation in the United States. He later had prostate surgery and a hernia operation. He suffered a collapse while giving a speech on live television in April 2003. On August 6, Aliyev returned to the United States for treatment for congestive heart failure and kidney problems. He stood down from the presidency at the start of October 2003, but in an extremely controversial move appointed his son Ilham as his party's sole presidential candidate. Jump to: navigation, search 1999(MCMXCIX) is a common year starting on Friday Anno Domini (or the Current Era), and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ... A coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or heart bypass is a surgical procedure performed in patients with coronary artery disease (see atherosclerosis) for the relief of angina and possible improved heart muscle function. ... Jump to: navigation, search Male Anatomy The prostate is a gland that is part of male mammalian sex organs. ... A hernia is the protrusion of an organ or tissue out of the body cavity in which it normally lies. ... Jump to: navigation, search 2003 (MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search August 6 is the 218th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (219th in leap years), with 147 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search Congestive heart failure (CHF) (also called congestive cardiac failure and heart failure) is the inability of the heart to pump a sufficient amount of blood throughout the body, or requiring elevated filling pressures in order to pump effectively. ... Jump to: navigation, search Kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed The kidneys are bean-shaped excretory organs in vertebrates. ... Jump to: navigation, search 2003 (MMIII) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ilham Heydar oglu Aliyev (Azerbaijani in full: İlham Heydər oğlu Əliyev) (born December 24, 1961) has been president of Azerbaijan for the New Azerbaijan Party since 2003. ...

Ilham Aliyev duly won the presidential election of October 15, 2003 but international observers again criticised the contest as falling well below expected standards. This transfer of power became the first case of top-level dynastic succession in the former Soviet Union. Only two months into Ilham Aliyev's presidency, his father's death on December 12 marked the end of an era in Azerbaijani politics. Jump to: navigation, search October 15 is the 288th day of the year (289th in Leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search December 12 is the 346th day (347th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Sobaka dossier - biography, and source for the disputes on Aliyev's birth date, birth location, and education.