FACTOID # 160: Of all the nations of the world, China has the most people. But there are 71 nations that are more crowded.
 
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Encyclopedia > Alkylating agent

Alkylating agents are so named because of their ability to add alkyl groups to many electronegative groups under conditions present in cells. They stop tumor growth by cross-linking guanine bases in DNA strands, which makes the strands unable to uncoil and separate. As this prevents DNA replication, the cells can no longer divide. An alkyl is a functional group of an organic chemical that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms, which are arranged in a chain. ... Electronegativity is a measure of the attraction that an atom has for the bonding pair of electrons in a covalent bond. ... Cells in culture, stained for keratin (red) and DNA (green) The cell is the structural and functional unit of all living organisms. ... Tumor (American English) or tumour (British English) originally means swelling, and is sometimes still used with that meaning. ... Guanine is one of the four main nucleobases found in nucleic acids (e. ... Space-filling model of a section of DNA molecule Deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of all cellular forms of life (and many viruses). ...


  Results from FactBites:
 
CancerQuest : Closer Look : Genotoxic Agents (228 words)
Alkylating agents work by three different mechanisms all of which achieve the same end result - disruption of DNA function and cell death.
In the first mechanism an alkylating agent (represented in the figure below as a pink star) attaches alkyl groups (small carbon compounds-depicted as pink triangles) to DNA bases.
The third mechanism of action of alkylating agents is the induction of mispairing of the nucleotides leading to mutations.
Alkylating Agent (219 words)
Alkylating agents work to add alkyl groups to negatively-charged groups.
Because alkylating agents are nonspecific in action – and can attack healthy cells as easily as tumorous ones – it is critical that the agent be applied locally, targeting the tumor.
Cyclophosphamide is one alkylating agent, and is also an immunosuppressive.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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