Sir Almroth Edward Wright (1861-1947) was a British bacteriologist and immunologist. He is best known for advancing vaccination through the use of autogenous vaccines (prepared from the bacteria harboured by the patient) and through anti-typhoid immunization with typhoid bacilli killed by heat.
In the 19th century he worked with the armed forces of Britain to develop vaccines and helped convince the armed forces to use them.
In 1902 he started a research department at St Mary's Hospital Medical School in London. He developed a system of anti-typhoid inoculation and a method of measuring protective substances in human blood (opsonins). Citing the example of the Boer War, during which many soldiers died from easily preventable diseases, Wright managed to convince people that 10 million vaccines for the troops in Northern France should be produced during World War I. Among the many bacteriologists who followed in Wright's footsteps at St Mary's was Sir Alexander Fleming, who in turn later discovered lyzosome and penicillin. 1902 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Although there must be many hospitals named St Marys Hospital, the most famous is probably located in Paddington, West London. ... Alexander Fleming Sir Alexander Fleming (August 6, 1881 - March 11, 1955) is famous as the discoverer of the antibiotic substance lysozyme and for isolating the antibiotic substance penicillin from the fungus Penicillium notatum. ...
Wright warned early on that antibiotics would create resistant bacteria, something that has proven an increasing danger. He made his thoughts on preventive medicine influential, stressing preventive measures, in articles in such periodicals as Scientific American. He also proposed that Logic be introduced as a part of medical training, but his idea was never adopted. Wright also pointed out that Pasteur and Fleming, although both excellent researchers, had not actually managed to find the cures for the diseases which they had sought cures, but instead had stumbled upon cures for totally unrelated diseases. Logic (from Classical Greek λόγος (logos), originally meaning the word, or what is spoken, but coming to mean thought or reason) is most often said to be the study of arguments, although the exact definition of logic is a matter of controversy amongst philosophers (see below). ...
Works
Pathology and Treatment of War Wounds (1942)
Researches in Clinical Physiology (1943)
Studies on Immunization (2 vol., 1943–44)
External links
The Life and Times of Almroth Wright[1]
Almroth Wright at Netley: Modern Medicine and the Military in Britain, 1892-1902 [2]
Wrights afdeling was vooral geïnteresseerd in één deel van het bloed, de witte bloedcellen oftewel fagocyten.
Wright was er lang van overtuigd dat er in het bloed van deze mensen een speciale stof aanwezig was, die de fagocyten ertoe aanzette bacteriën aan te vallen en in te slikken.
Op het ogenblik dat Wrights eenheid in Boulogne verbleef, hadden artsen in het algemeen en legerartsen in het bijzonder, een overtuigd geloof in chemische antiseptica om wonden te behandelen.
One of the founders of immunology, AlmrothWright was born in the village of Middleton Tyas, in Yorkshire, England.
Wright was highly respected by his staff for his contagious enthusiasm and, after long days in the laboratory, he often gathered with his colleagues for late-night discussions over tea.
Wright was a consistent advocate for vaccine and inoculation therapies, and at the onset of World War I convinced the British military to inoculate all troops against typhus.
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