Along the River During Qingming Festival (Traditional Chinese: 清明上河圖; Simplified Chinese: 清明上河图; Hanyu Pinyin: Qīngmíng Shànghé Tú) is generally attributed to the Song Dynasty artist, Zhang Zeduan (1085-1145). The painting captures the daily life of people from the Song period at the capital, Bianjing (near today's Kaifeng). The theme celebrates Qingming Festival. The entire piece was painted in handscroll format and the content reveals the lifestyle of all levels of the society (from rich to poor) as well as different economic activities in rural areas and the city. It offers glimpse of the clothing and architecture during the period. As an artistic creation, the piece has been revered, and court artists of subsequent dynasties have made several reproductions. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 25 pixel Image in higher resolution (30000 × 926 pixel, file size: 7. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... (11th century - 12th century - 13th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 12th century was that century which lasted from 1101 to 1200. ... Traditional Chinese (Traditional Chinese: 正體字/繁體字, Simplified Chinese: 正体字/繁体字) refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Pinyin (拼音, Pīnyīn) literally means join (together) sounds (a less literal translation being phoneticize, spell or transcription) in Chinese and usually refers to Hànyǔ Pīnyīn (汉语拼音, literal meaning: Han language pinyin), which is a system of... Northern Song in 1111 AD Capital Kaifeng (960–1127) Linan (1127–1279) Language(s) Chinese Religion Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism Government Monarchy History  - Zhao Kuangyin taking over the throne of the Later Zhou Dynasty 960  - Battle of Yamen; the end of Song rule 1279 Population  - Peak est. ... Zhang Zeduan (Traditional: 張擇端; Simplified: 张择端; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chang Tse-tuan) was a Chinese painter. ... Kaifeng (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: KāifÄ“ng; Wade-Giles: Kai-feng), formerly known as Bianliang (汴梁; Wade-Giles: Pien-liang), is a prefecture-level city in eastern Henan province, Peoples Republic of China. ... Burning paper gifts for the departed. ...

The Qingming Scroll is historically notable as one of the few paintings from the former imperial collection that is still in the possession of Mainland China; it was a particular favorite of emperor Puyi, who took it with him to Manchukuo and thus kept the Southern Song Dynasty original (24.8 by 528.7 cm[1]) out of the collection of the National Palace Museum. It was later re-purchased in 1945 and is now held at the Palace Museum in the Forbidden City. PÇ”yí (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ) (February 7, 1906–October 17, 1967) of the Manchu Aisin-Gioro ruling family was the last Emperor of China between 1908 and 1924 (ruling emperor between 1908 and 1912, and non-ruling emperor between 1912 and 1924), the twelfth emperor of the Qing Dynasty... Manchukuo (1932–1945), Manchu country, was a former state in Manchuria and eastern Inner Mongolia created by former Qing Dynasty officials and Imperial Japan in 1932. ... Alternative meaning: Song Dynasty (420-479) The Song dynasty (Chinese: 宋朝) was a ruling dynasty in China from 960-1279. ... Overview of the National Palace Museum. ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday. ... This article is about the Chinese imperial palace in Beijing. ...

Several other copies by artists of subsequent dynasties [2], including a 1736 version (35.6 by 1152.8 cm) by five Qing Dynasty court painters, were moved to Taiwan along with the National Palace Museum in 1949. The Song dynasty original is regarded as a national treasure by Chinese authorities and only exhibited for brief periods every few years. The Qing Dynasty (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ching chao; Manchu: daicing gurun; Mongolian: Манж Чин), occasionally known as the Manchu Dynasty, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1644 to 1912. ... Overview of the National Palace Museum. ... 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ...

Questions over the Translation

Scholars have disputed the accuracy of the translation of painting's name; the word "Qingming" can refer to either the Qingming Festival or to peace and order, two translations have been proposed by scholars: Going Upriver on the Qingming Festival or Peace Reigns Over the River. Burning paper gifts for the departed. ...

Traditionally, three things have been believed about the painting:

• The city depicted is Kaifeng.
• It was painted before the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty in 1127.
• It depicts the Qingming Festival.

More recent scholarship challenges all three of those assertions: Kaifeng (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: Kāifēng; Wade-Giles: Kai-feng), formerly known as Bianliang (汴梁; Wade-Giles: Pien-liang), is a prefecture-level city in eastern Henan province, Peoples Republic of China. ... Conrad III establishes the Hohenstaufen dynasty when he is crowned antiking to the Holy Roman Emperor, Lothair II. First coalition of the Norman princes against Roger II of Sicily. ...

• The city depicted is an idealized non-existent city.
• It was painted after the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty in 1127.
• It depicts a scene in early Autumn.

Autumn (also known as fall in North American English) is one of the four temperate seasons, the transition from summer into winter. ...

References

• Valerie Hansen, "The Mystery of the Qingming Scroll and Its Subject: The Case Against Kaifeng," Journal of Sung-Yuan Studies 26 (1996), 183-200.

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (810x489, 151 KB) Description: Qingming-scroll (清明上河圖 Qīngmíng shàng hé tú) by the Chinese painter Zhang Zeduan (Song-Dynasty Source: from the Chinese Wikipedia Uploaded by: --Immanuel Giel 09:18, 17 January 2006 (UTC) Other versions: none File links... Image File history File linksMetadata 清明上河图2. ...

See also

National Palace Museum Description of "Along the River During Ching Ming Festival"

External links

• Metropolitan Museum
• National Palace Museum Taiwan