South African Air Force Aérospatiale Alouette III

The Aérospatiale Alouette III is a general purpose, single-engined light utility helicopter originally manufactured by Sud Aviation (later Aérospatiale of France, now Eurocopter). It was mostly used for military purposes, although civilian versions also flew. It is recognised for its mountain rescue capabilities and adaptability. The Alouette III is powered by a Turbomeca Artouste 3B Turbo-Shaft. The Alouette III first flew in 1959 and entered in service with the French Armed forces in 1960. South African Air Force Aérospatiale Alouette III Fair use photograph from South African government website. ... South African Air Force Aérospatiale Alouette III Fair use photograph from South African government website. ... The Bell 206 of Canadian Helicopters Robinson Helicopter Company (USA) R44, a four seat development of the R22 A helicopter is an aircraft which is lifted and propelled by one or more horizontal rotors (propellers). ... Sud Aviation was a French state-owned aircraft manufacturer, originating from the merger of SNCASE (Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Sud-Est) and SNCASO (Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Sud-Ouest) on March 1, 1957. ... The Aérospatiale Corvette first flew in 1970 and went into service in 1974. ... The Eurocopter Group is a global helicopter manufacturing and support company formed in 1992 from the merger of the helicopter divisions of French Aérospatiale and German DaimlerChrysler Aerospace AG (DASA). ...

History

The Alouette (skylark) III is the successor to the Aérospatiale Alouette II, compared to which it is larger and has more seating. In turn, both of these helicopters can trace their ancestry back to the Sud-Est Aviation SE-3120 Alouette piston powered prototypes, the first of which flew for the first time on 31 July 1951. Binomial name Alauda arvensis Linnaeus, 1758 The Skylark (Alauda arvensis) breeds across most of Europe and Asia and in the mountains of north Africa. ... The Alouette II is a light helicopter originally manufactured by Sud Aviation and later Aérospatiale of France. ... July 31 is the 212th day (213th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 153 days remaining. ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ...

The first version of the Alouette III, the SE-3160 prototype, first flew on 28 February 1959, powered by the Turboméca Artouste turboshaft. The SA-316A (SE-3120) was the first production model, it remained in production until 1969, when it was replaced by the SA-316B. February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ...

The SA-316B had a strengthened transmission and a greater maximum takeoff weight, but retained the Turboméca Artouste turboshaft.

The SA-319B entered production in 1968, powered by the Turboméca Astazou XIV turboshaft, which had a better "hot and high performance" and improved fuel economy. 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1968 calendar). ...

The SA-316B and the SA-319B both remained in series production up to the early 1980s, when the main production line in France was closed down. However, HAL of India continues to licence-build Alouette IIIs as the Chetak. Versions of the Alouette III were also either licence-built or assembled by ICA in Romania, F+W Emmen in Switzerland and by Fokker and Lichtwerk in the Netherlands. HAL or Hal may refer to: HAL is an acronym used to refer to Hindustan Aeronautics Limited HAL is the hardware abstraction layer used in Windows NT and in Linux to encapsulate hardware-dependent details from the rest of the operating system. ... Chetak is the name of legendary horse of Rana Pratap Singh that saved him in a gruesome and bloody battle at Haldi Ghati,in June 21,1576, between Rana Prataps forces and Mughal forces, which were led by Raja Man Singh and Akbars son Salim (aka Jahangir). ... Fokker 100 of British Midland Airways Fokker was a Dutch aircraft manufacturer named after its founder, Anthony Fokker. ...

Production numbers are as follows:

• France: ca. 1500
• India: 300+ (Still in production.)
• Romania: 200
• Switzerland: 60

Users Past and Present

• Albania (SA 319)
• Angola
• Argentina (SA 316)
• Austria (SA 316)
• Austria (SA 319)
• Australia
• Bangladesh
• Belgium (SA 319)
• Burkina Faso
• Burma (Myanmar)
• Burundi (SA 316)
• Cameroon (SA 319)
• Chad (SA 316)
• Chile (SA 316)
• Congo, Democratic Republic of the (SA 316)
• Congo, Republic of the (SA 316)
• Denmark
• Dominican Republic
• Ecuador (SA 316)
• El Salvador
• Equatorial Guinea
• Ethiopia (SA 316)
• France (SA 316)
• France (SA 319)
• Gabon
• Ghana (SA 316)
• Greece (SA 319)
• Guinea
• Guinea-Bissau (SA 316)
• Hong Kong
• India (SA 319)
• Indonesia (SA 316)
• Iraq (SA 316)
• Ireland (SA 316)
• Israel
• Ivory Coast
• Jordan (SA 316)
• Laos
• Lebanon (SA 316)
• Libya (SA 316)
• Madagascar
• Malawi
• Malaysia (SA 316)
• Malta (SA 316)
• Mexico (SA 319)
• Morocco
• Mozambique
• Nepal
• Netherlands
• Nicaragua
• Pakistan (SA 316)
• Pakistan (SA 319)
• Peru (SA 319)
• Portugal (SA 319)
• Romania (SA 319)
• Rwanda (SA 316)
• Saudi Arabia
• Seychelles
• Singapore
• South Africa (SA 316)
• Spain
• Suriname (SA 316)
• Switzerland (SA 316)
• Tunisia (SA 316)
• Venezuela (SA 316)
• United Arab Emirates (Abu Dhabi)
• Yugoslavia
• Zambia
• Zimbabwe (SA 316)

Variants

• The SA-316A was the first production version.
• The SA-316B is powered by a 425 kW (570 shp) Turboméca Artouste IIIB turboshaft engine, with strengthened main and tail rotor for greater performance.
• The SA-319B was a direct development of the SA.316B, it was powered has a 649 kW (870 shp) Turboméca Astazou XIV turboshaft engine, but it was derated to 447 kW (660 hp).
• The SA-316B was built under licence in India as the HAL Chetak, and again under licence in Romania as the IAR 316.
• The SA-316C was powered by a Turbomeca Artouste IIID turboshaft engine. The SA-316C was only built in small numbers.
• G-Car and K-Car : Helicopter gunship versions for the Rhodesian Air Force. The G-Car was armed with two side-mounted Browning machine guns. The K-Car was armed with one 20mm Mauser cannon, fitted inside the cabin, firing from the port side of the helicopter.
• IAR-317 Skyfox : Romanian helicopter gunship project. Only three prototypes were ever built.
• Atlas XH-1 Alpha : Two-seat attack helicopter project. It was used in the development of the Rooivalk.

When used as an aerial ambulance, the Alouette III can accommodate a pilot, two medical attendants and two stretcher patients. Sadly on June 2004, the Alouette III was retired from the French Air Force after 32 years of successful service. It will be replaced by the Eurocopter Ec -155 Twin Squirrel. In the same year, the Swiss Armed Forces announced the retirement of the Alouette III, from the front line by 2006, and entirely by 2010. Venezuelan Air forces retired the Alouette III in the late 90´s. Chetak is the name of legendary horse of Rana Pratap Singh that saved him in a gruesome and bloody battle at Haldi Ghati,in June 21,1576, between Rana Prataps forces and Mughal forces, which were led by Raja Man Singh and Akbars son Salim (aka Jahangir). ... IAR 316B miltary version The IAR 316 the Romanian version, built under licence, of Aerospatiale SA 319B Alouette III light utility helicopter. ... Alpha XH-1 The Alpha XH-1 was a prototype attack helicopter built by Atlas Aviation (now Denel Aviation) of South Africa, which used it as a concept demonstrator for the then-planned Rooivalk project. ... The Denel Aviation AH-2 Rooivalk is a latest generation attack helicopter manufactured by Denel Aviation of South Africa. ...

Specifications (Alouette III SA-316B)

General characteristics

• Crew: 2
• Capacity: 5
• Length: 12.54 m main rotor to tail rotor (42 ft 2 in)
• Fuselage length: 10.03 m (32 ft 11 in))
• Rotor diameter: 11.02 m (36.2 ft)
• Height: 3.09 m (10.14 ft)
• Disc area: ()
• Empty weight: 1,108 kg (2,442 lb)
• Maximum gross takeoff weight: 2,200 kg (4,850 lb)
• Powerplant: 1× Turbomeca Artouste IIIB turboshaft driving a three blade main rotor and three blade tail rotor, 425 kW (570 shp)

Performance

• Maximum speed: 210 km/h (130 mph)
• Range: 540 km (335 mi)
• Service ceiling: ()
• Climb rate: 4.5 m/s (885)
• Disc loading: ()
• Power/mass: ()

South African Air Force Aérospatiale Alouette III A Japan Airlines Boeing 747-400. ... In aviation, the Maximum Take-Off Weight (or MTOW) is the maximum weight with which an aircraft can achieve flight. ... Schematic diagram showing the operation of a simplified turboshaft engine. ... The vomeronasal organ (VNO) or Jacobsons organ (sometimes misspelled Jacobsens) is an auxiliary olfactory sense organ in some vertebrates, all of which are tetrapods. ... Service Ceiling—The maximum density altitude where the best rate-of climb airspeed will produce a 100 feet-per-minute climb at maximum weight while in a clean configuration with maximum continuous power. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ... Power-to-weight ratio is a measure commonly used when comparing various vehicles (or engines), including automobiles, motorcycles and aircraft. ... South African Air Force Aérospatiale Alouette III Fair use photograph from South African government website. ...	An Alouette III on the frigate La Motte-Picquet. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Frigate is a name which has been used for several distinct types of warships at different times. ... The Georges Leygues class (F70 type) is a type of anti-submarine frigates of the French Navy. ...	Close-up of the turbine of an Alouette III Image File history File links Alouette_3_1. ...	An Alouette III of the 22S wing of the French Navy on the landing pad of Lanvéoc base Image File history File links fr (original): Une Alouette III de lescadrille 22S sur le tarmac de la BAN Lanvéoc (22 mai 2004). ... The French Navy (Marine Nationale) is the maritime arm of the French military and is the largest Western European navy in terms of number of active-duty vessels. ...
The landing bridge of the Jeanne d'Arc with Alouette III helicopters The landing bridge of the Jeanne dArc helicopter cruiser This image is copyrighted by the French Navy. ... The Jeanne dArc (R97) is a helicopter cruiser of the French Navy. ...

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