Alpha Kappa Alpha - ΆΚΆ
Founded	January 15, 1908 (1908-01-15) (age 99)[1] Howard University
Type	Social
Scope	International  United States,  Germany,  Japan,  Bahamas,  Liberia,  Jamaica,  United States Virgin Islands,  Bermuda,  Canada,  South Korea
Motto	By Culture and By Merit[1]
Colors	Salmon Pink █ and Apple Green █[1]
Symbol	Ivy Leaf[1]
Flower	Pink Tea Rose[1]
Publication	Ivy Leaf magazine[1]
Chapters	900+
Nickname	ΆKΆ
Headquarters	5656 S. Stony Island Ave Chicago, Illinois, USA
Homepage	aka1908.com

African American Portal

Alpha Kappa Alpha (ΆΚΆ) is the first Greek-lettered sorority established and incorporated by African-American college women. Led by Ethel Hedgeman Lyle, Alpha Kappa Alpha was founded on January 15, 1908, in Miner Hall on the campus of Howard University in Washington, D.C. (38.923019° N -77.021721° E) by nine college students. After a schism occurred between undergraduate and graduate sorority members, the group expanded to twenty when the organization was incorporated on January 29, 1913.^[2] The sorority's document and pictorial archives are located at Moorland-Spingarn Research Center.^[3] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Howard University is a university located in Washington, D.C., USA. A historically black university, Howard was established in 1867 by congressional order and named for Oliver O. Howard. ... The terms fraternity and sorority (from the Latin words and , meaning brother and sister respectively) may be used to describe many social and charitable organizations, for example the Lions Club, Epsilon Sigma Alpha, Rotary International, Optimist International, or the Shriners. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Bahamas. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Liberia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Jamaica. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bermuda. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Korea. ... The color salmon pink comes in two shades, light salmon pink and salmon pink, both of which are shown below. ... For other uses, see Green (disambiguation). ... Species Hedera algeriensis – Algerian Ivy Hedera azorica – Azores Ivy Hedera canariensis – Canaries Ivy Hedera caucasigena Hedera colchica – Caucasian Ivy Hedera cypria Hedera helix – Common Ivy Hedera hibernica – Irish Ivy Hedera maderensis – Madeiran Ivy Hedera maroccana Hedera nepalensis – Himalayan Ivy Hedera pastuchowii – Pastuchovs Ivy Hedera rhombea – Japanese Ivy Hedera sinensis... For other uses, see Rose (disambiguation). ... Stony Island Avenue is a major thoroughfare in the city of Chicago, designated 1600 E in Chicagos street numbering system. ... Image File history File links AmericaAfrica. ... The Greek alphabet (Greek: ) is an alphabet consisting of 24 letters that has been used to write the Greek language since the late 8th or early 8th century BC. It was the first alphabet in the narrow sense, that is, a writing system using a separate symbol for each vowel... While the term fraternity can be used to describe any number of social organizations, including the Lions Club and the Shriners, fraternities and sororities are most commonly known as social organizations of higher education students in the United States and Canada but there are fraternities in the whole world (for... Languages Predominantly American English Religions Protestantism (chiefly Baptist and Methodist); Roman Catholicism; Islam Related ethnic groups Sub-Saharan Africans and other African groups, some with Native American groups. ... Ethel Hedgeman Lyle (born Ethel Hedgeman, February 10, 1887 - November 28, 1950) was an African-American founder of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority (ΆKΆ). Lyle is often referred to as the Guiding Light for Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated. ... is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Howard University is a university located in Washington, D.C., USA. A historically black university, Howard was established in 1867 by congressional order and named for Oliver O. Howard. ... For other uses, see Washington, D.C. (disambiguation). ... Incorporation is: In business, incorporation is the creation of a corporation. ... is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Moorland-Spingarn Research Center (MSRC) is recognized as one of the worlds largest and most comprehensive repositories for the documentation of the history and culture of people of African descent in Africa, the Americas, and other parts of the world. ...

Consisting of women of African, Caucasian, Asian, and Hispanic descent, the sorority serves all mankind through a nucleus of more than 200,000 women in over 950 chapters.^[4] An interested member can join through undergraduate chapters at a college or university, or through a graduate chapter, after acquiring a college degree.^[4] Chapters consisting of Alpha Kappa Alpha women can be found nationally and internationally.^[5] This article is about the color black; for other uses, see Black (disambiguation). ... For the peoples actually from the Caucasus, see Peoples of the Caucasus. ... Asian people[1] is a demonym for people from Asia. ... Hispanic (Spanish: ; Portuguese: ; Latin: , adjective from Hispānia, the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula) is a term that historically denoted relation to the ancient Hispania and its peoples. ...

Alpha Kappa Alpha works with communities through service initiatives and progressive programs relating to education, family, health, and business that have a direct impact on the world community.^[6] The sorority is a member of the National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC), and the current International President is Barbara A. McKinzie. Alpha Kappa Alpha will celebrate a centennial anniversary on January 15, 2008. Look up Family in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... In economics, a business is a legally-recognized organizational entity existing within an economically free country designed to sell goods and/or services to consumers, usually in an effort to generate profit. ... The National Pan-Hellenic Council, Inc. ... Barbara A. McKinzie is Alpha Kappa Alphas twenty-seventh International President, who is serving from 2006 to 2010. ... is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (common) era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ...

History

Students gathering near Miner Hall at Howard University in 1870.^[7] Miner Hall was the site of Alpha Kappa Alpha's founding on January 15, 1908.^[8] The building was demolished in 1961.^[9]

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Beginnings: 1907–1912

The efforts into creating the sisterhood of Alpha Kappa Alpha were led by Ethel Hedgeman beginning in Spring 1907 at Howard University. Hedgeman was persuaded by Ethel Robinson, a faculty member at Howard who also shared her sorority experiences with Lyle at Brown University.^[10][11] Hedgeman was also inspired by her then high school and college sweetheart and soon to be husband George Lyle, a charter member the Beta chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity at Howard in 1907.^[12] In order to proliferate her idea in forming a sorority, Hedgeman began recruiting interested classmates throughout the summer of 1907.^[13] Ethel Hedgeman Lyle (born Ethel Hedgeman, February 10, 1887 - November 28, 1950) was an African-American founder of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority (ΆKΆ). Lyle is often referred to as the Guiding Light for Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated. ... Brown University is a private university located in Providence, Rhode Island. ... Alpha Phi Alpha (ΑΦΑ) is the first intercollegiate fraternity established by African Americans. ...

Eventually nine women, along with Hedgeman were involved in the instrumental phases in organizing the sorority in fall 1907.^[10][13] As the main founder, Hedgeman was also the temporary chairperson of the sorority in the organizational phases.^[11] The nine also organized the sorority's motto, colors, constitution, as well as the name.^[10] Later in 1908, seven other sophomores expressed interest in the sorority and were accepted without initiation.^[10][14] The first initiation was held in a wing of an attic in Miner Hall on Howard University during February 11, 1909.^[15][16] Almost two months later, on May 25, 1909, some members of the sorority planted ivy at the southern part of Miner Hall in celebration of "Ivy Day."^[17] is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... is the 145th day of the year (146th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1909 (MCMIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Species Hedera algeriensis – Algerian Ivy Hedera azorica – Azores Ivy Hedera canariensis – Canaries Ivy Hedera caucasigena Hedera colchica – Caucasian Ivy Hedera cypria Hedera helix – Common Ivy Hedera hibernica – Irish Ivy Hedera maderensis – Madeiran Ivy Hedera maroccana Hedera nepalensis – Himalayan Ivy Hedera pastuchowii – Pastuchovs Ivy Hedera rhombea – Japanese Ivy Hedera sinensis...

Cession and formation of Delta Sigma Theta: 1912–1913

A 1921 Certificate of Membership from the Gamma Chapter at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ^[16]

Main article: Delta Sigma Theta Sorority

At the time, Alpha Kappa Alpha existed as one chapter at Howard University with only a ritual and sponsored social events. No plan of nationalizing or incorprorating the organization existed.^[2] To expand the sorority at Howard, new members were initiated. In October 11, 1912, twenty-two members were initiated into Alpha Kappa Alpha. Seven officers were elected into the sorority: Myra Hemmings, president; Ethel Black, vice-president, Edith Young, secretary; Jessie Dent, corresponding secretary, Winona Alexander, custodian; Frederica Dodd, sergeant-at-arms, and Pauline Minor was the treasurer.^[18][19] The twenty-two began to be dismayed at the progress of the sorority and wanted to reorganize.^[20][21] According to Giddings, the group wanted to "establish a national organization, enlarge the scope of activities of the sorority, change its name and symbols, and be more politically oriented."^[21] When the word was spread to Nellie Quander, a graduate member, about changing the sorority namesake, she was said to be "horrified" at the proposal and gave the women who disagreed with her a deadline to terminate the efforts of reorganizing the sorority.^[22] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Gamma (uppercase Γ, lowercase γ) is the third letter of the Greek alphabet. ... A Corner of Main Quad The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC, U of I, or simply Illinois), is the oldest, largest, and most prestigious campus in the University of Illinois system. ... Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, (ΔΣΘ) Incorporated is a non-profit Greek letter organization consisting of college educated women who perform public service initiatives with emphasis on the African-American community. ... is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Myra Lillian Davis Hemmings (August 30, 1895 – December 8, 1968) was an American actress and teacher, and a founder of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Incorporated. ... Ethel Cuff Black, one of the founders of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Incorporated, was born in Wilmington, Delaware. ... Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, (ΔΣΘ) Incorporated is a non-profit Greek letter organization consisting of college educated women who perform public service initiatives with emphasis on the African-American community. ... Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, (ΔΣΘ) Incorporated is a non-profit Greek letter organization consisting of college educated women who perform public service initiatives with emphasis on the African-American community. ... Winona Cargile Alexander was a founder of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Incorporated at Howard University on January 13, 1913. ... Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, (ΔΣΘ) Incorporated is a non-profit Greek letter organization consisting of college educated women who perform public service initiatives with emphasis on the African-American community. ... Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, (ΔΣΘ) Incorporated is a non-profit Greek letter organization consisting of college educated women who perform public service initiatives with emphasis on the African-American community. ... Nellie Quander (b. ...

However, the twenty-two declined, and formed Delta Sigma Theta on January 13, 1913.^[23] Later Quander along with five other sorority members led an initiative to incorporate Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority as a perpetual body on January 29, 1913.^[15] The organization was nationally incorporated in Washington, D.C., as a non-profit under the name Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated on January 30, 1913.^[2] During the same year the sorority began using Greek names for officers.^[24] is the 13th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... is the 29th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... A non-profit organization (often called non-profit org or simply non-profit or not-for-profit) can be seen as an organization that doesnt have a goal to make a profit. ... is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

A close up of a Alpha Phi Alpha delegate badge from the 23rd Boulè. The tri-convention—consisting of Alpha Kappa Alpha, Alpha Phi Alpha, and Kappa Alpha Psi — was held from December 27 through 31st in Kansas City, Missouri.^[16][25]

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 502 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (810 × 968 pixels, file size: 124 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 502 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (810 × 968 pixels, file size: 124 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ...

Expansion and initial implementation of programs 1920–1940

The sorority continued to grow in membership with additional resources. The sorority's pledge was written by Grace Edwards and was adopted by the 1920 Boulè.^[26] In addition, the sorority's crest was designed by Phyllis Wheatley Waters and accepted in the same Boulè.^[26] A year later, at the 1921 Boulè, the Ivy Leaf was designated as "the official organ of Alpha Kappa Alpha," and Founders' Week, paying honor to ΆKΆ's founders was established.^[27][26] In addition, pearls were first introduced to the sorority in the same year.^[26] The sorority membership pin was accepted in the following Boulè in Kansas City, Missouri.^[28] At the 1947 Boulè, pins for honorary members were designed and approved.^[29] Nickname: Location in Jackson, Clay, Platte, and Cass Counties in the state of Missouri. ...

On May 10, 1930, Alpha Kappa Alpha, along with the fraternities Kappa Alpha Psi and Omega Psi Phi and sororities Delta Sigma Theta and Zeta Phi Beta, founded the National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC) at Howard University.^[30] Currently consisting of nine predominately black fraternities and sororities, NPHC promotes interaction through forums, meetings, and other mediums for the exchange of information, and engages in cooperative programming and initiatives through various activities and functions.^[30] is the 130th day of the year (131st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display 1930 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Kappa Alpha Psi (KAΨ) is the second-oldest collegiate Greek-letter fraternity with a predominantly African American membership and the first black intercollegiate fraternity incorporated as a national body. ... Omega Psi Phi (ΩΨΦ) is a national fraternity, and was the first black national fraternal organization to be founded at a historically black college. ... Zeta Phi Beta (ΖΦΒ) Sorority, Inc. ... The National Pan-Hellenic Council, Inc. ...

A 1934 issue of Ivy Leaf, Alpha Kappa Alpha's official organ^[1]

Throughout the Great Migration, members assisted the Travelers Aid Society, helping Southern Blacks adjust to North society, and volunteered at the Freedman's Hospital.^[27] In April 1933, soon-to-be eight Supreme Basileus Ida Jackson visited All Saints Industrial School in Lexington, Mississippi. The principal described the deplorable conditions around the Mississippi Delta — such as teachers not having an education past the seventh grade and African-Americans settling on plantation land.^[31][32] In the summer of 1934, the Summer School for Rural Teachers was initiated to train future teachers. Twenty-two student teachers and 243 school children were involved. In addition, night classes were held for forty-eight adults.^[33] Furthermore, Jackson attained 2600 books for the school's library, making the library "the largest library owned by white or colored in all Holmes County."^[33] In the second summer, Jackson focused on the region's poverty and adopted a health clinic. In December 1934, Jackson had acquired $1,000 from the Boulè for funding the project.^[34] The health clinic eventually evolved into the Mississippi Health Project, with Jackson serving as the founder and Dr. Dorothy Boulding Ferebee as the director.^[34] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The states in blue had the ten largest net gains of African-Americans during the Great Migration, while the states in red had the ten largest net losses[1]. The Great Migration was the movement of over 1 million[1] African Americans out of the rural Southern United States from... Historic Southern United States. ... Regional definitions vary from source to source. ... A Bureau agent stands between an armed group of Southern whites and a group of freed slaves in this 1868 picture from Harpers Weekly On March 3, 1865, Congress established the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, also known as the Freedmens Bureau, was a federal agency that... Lexington is a city located in Holmes County, Mississippi. ... The shared flood plain of the Yazoo and Mississippi Rivers The Mississippi Delta is the distinct northwest section of the state of Mississippi that lies between the Mississippi and Yazoo Rivers. ... This article is about crop plantations. ... A boy from an East Cipinang trash dump slum in Jakarta, Indonesia shows what he found. ... Dorothy Celeste Boulding Ferebee (October 10, 1898 - September 14, 1980) was an African-American physician and activist. ...

The Mississippi Health Project operated for six summers to bring primary medical care to the rural Black population across the state of Mississippi.^[35][36] The Mississippi Health Project is recognized as the first mobile health clinic in the United States, and noted for its work to eliminate diphtheria and smallpox and improve nutritional and dental practices throughout rural Mississippi.^[37][38] The project has helped approximately 15,000 people in the Mississippi Delta.^[39]

Dorothy Ferebee (center) and the Mississippi Health Project staff, 1937.^[35]

In 1938, with the help of incorporator Norma Elizabeth Boyd, the sorority created the National Non-Partisan Lobby on Civil and Democratic Rights (NPC), later renamed the National Non-Partisan Council on Public Affairs, the first full-time congressional lobby for minority group civil and human rights.^[40][41][37] Throughout the organization's existence, the Non-Partisan Council worked with the NAACP, National Urban League, The United Office and Professional Workers of America, The National Association of Graduate Nurses, the American Federation of Churches, the Colored Women's Club, the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters and Auxiliary, and the New York Voter's League.^[42] The NPC was dissolved on July 15, 1948, by twelfth Supreme Basileus Edna Over Gray-Campbell.^[40][40] A year later, Alpha Kappa Alpha was the first sorority to apply for life membership in the NAACP.^[43] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Congress of the United States is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States of America. ... This article is about the political effort. ... The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), is one of the oldest and most influential hate organizations in the United States. ... National Urban League Logo The National Urban League (NUL) is a nonpartisan civil rights organization based in New York City that advocates on behalf of African Americans and against racial discrimination in the United States. ... is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), is one of the oldest and most influential hate organizations in the United States. ...

In replacement of the NPC, Alpha Kappa Alpha established the American Council on Human Rights (ACHR), beginning in August 1945 to make government recommendations concerning civil rights legislation.^[44] The ACHR was proposed at the 1946 Boulè, since World War II caused cancellation of 1945 meetings.^[44] At the same time in October 1946, Alpha Kappa Alpha was the first sorority to obtain observer status at the United Nations.^[45] On January 15, 1948, Delta Sigma Theta, Zeta Phi Beta, Sigma Gamma Rho sororities and Alpha Phi Alpha and Phi Beta Sigma fraternities were charter members of the ACHR.^[46] Kappa Alpha Psi later was included in March 1949.^[47][48] Civil rights or positive rights are those legal rights retained by citizens and protected by the government. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... UN and U.N. redirect here. ... is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Sigma Gamma Rho (ΣΓΡ) was founded on November 12, 1922, by seven educators in Indianapolis, Indiana. ... Phi Beta Sigma (ΦΒΣ) Fraternity was founded at Howard University in Washington, D.C. on January 9, 1914, by three young African-American male students. ...

On September 1, 1945, Alpha Kappa Alpha established The National Health Office in New York City.^[39] The National Health Office correlated activities with local chapters and worked with the ACHC to promote health initiatives before Congress, increase the number of student nurses, and improve the state of health programs at historically Black Colleges and Universities.^[49] The National Health Office was dissolved in 1951, in order to incorporate ideals as a part of the sorority's international program.^[50] is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... The Congress of the United States is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States of America. ... This article is about the occupation. ... In the United States, Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) (a type of Minority Serving Institution or MSI) are colleges or universities that were established before 1964 with the intention of serving the African-American community. ...

"Women in Medicine" was the fourth pamphlet published in Alpha Kappa Alpha's The Heritage Series in 1971.^[51]

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Civil rights, technology and educational training: 1950–1970

Throughout the 1950s and 1970s, the path was paved for members to sponsor job training, reading enrichment, heritage, and youth programs. In 1953, Fashionetta^TM, the sorority's biggest fundraiser was trademarked.^[29][52] The Bass Red Triangle, was the first trademark registered in Britain in 1876. ...

On August 20, 1964, President Lyndon Johnson signed the Economic Opportunity Act, which allowed the creation of the Job Corps.^[53] At the time, the sorority wanted to operate a job training center for students. Led by sixteenth president Julia Purnell, ΆKΆ negotiated with the Office of Economic Opportunity to operate a women's center from October 1964 to January 1965.^[53] On February 12, 1965, the sorority was awarded a US$4 million grant to operate the Cleveland Job Corps, allowing ΆKΆ to become the first organization to function a women's training center.^[36][53] Beginning in 1965, the Cleveland Job Corps trained female high school dropouts from 16 to 21, until 1976 when males were accepted, with job skills and an education.^[36] The sorority operated the Cleveland Job Corps until 1995.^[54] is the 232nd day of the year (233rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also Nintendo emulator: 1964 (emulator). ... Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908–January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was an American politician. ... Signed by Lyndon B. Johnson on 20 of August 1964, the Economic Opportunity Act (hereafter EOA) was central to Johnsons Great Society campaign and its War on Poverty. ... Job Corps is a no-cost education and vocational training program administered by the Office of the United States Secretary of the Department of Labor. ... The Office of Economic Opportunity was the agency responsible for administering most of the War on Poverty programs created during United States President Lyndon B. Johnsons Administration. ... is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... Cleveland redirects here. ...

Between 1968 to 1972, Alpha Kappa Alpha published The Heritage Series.^[16] The Heritage Series consisted of five pamphlets, consisting of biographies of top African-American women in judiciary, politics, medicine, business, and dentistry.^[55] Also, in the early 1970s, Alpha Kappa Alpha donated $20,000 for preserving Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birth place in Atlanta, Georgia.^[56] In 1978, during the sorority's seventieth anniversary, the Memorial Window at Howard University was dedicated to the founders of Alpha Kappa Alpha. Designed by Lois Mailou Jones, the unveiling of the Memorial Window was seen by surviving founders Lavinia Norman and Norma Boyd.^[57] A pamphlet is an unbound booklet (that is, without a hard cover or binding). ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      In the law, the judiciary or judicial system is the system of courts which administer justice in the name of the sovereign or state, a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. ... For other uses, see Politics (disambiguation). ... For the chemical substances known as medicines, see medication. ... In economics, a business is a legally-recognized organizational entity existing within an economically free country designed to sell goods and/or services to consumers, usually in an effort to generate profit. ... This article is about the dental profession. ... Martin Luther King redirects here. ... Interior of Ebenezer Baptist Church, view from behind the pulpit. ... Atlanta redirects here. ...

Bridging Towards the Twenty-first Century: 1980–2007

The Alpha Kappa Alpha banner that honorary member Mae Jemison carried to space in 1992. Shown at the sorority's national headquarters in Chicago.^{[58] [59]}

Celebrating the seventy-fifth anniversary of founding in 1983, the sorority unveiled portraits of the founders. The oil portraits were painted by Ernest McNealey.^[57] One year later, the sorority contributed overseas with the establishment of African Village Development Program (AVDP).^[60] As a conjoint program with Africare, the sorority sought to decrease poverty in African villages.^[60][36] Also, in collaboration with the International Foundation for Education and Self-Help (IFESH), the sorority was able to build ten schools in South Africa after apartheid and donated computer technology to the region.^[36][61] On October 11, 1991, the sorority donated a plaque commemorating the life of Doris Miller, the first African-American to earn a Navy Cross, at Miller Family Park in Pearl Harbor.^[62] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Mae Carol Jemison, M.D. (born 17 October 1956) is an American astronaut. ... Layers of Atmosphere - not to scale (NOAA)[1] Outer space, sometimes simply called space, refers to the relatively empty regions of the universe outside the atmospheres of celestial bodies. ... Africare is a non-profit organization specialized in development aid for Africa. ... A segregated beach in South Africa, 1982. ... is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... Doris Dorie Miller (October 12, 1919 – November 24, 1943) was an African American cook in the United States Navy and a hero during the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. ... The Navy Cross is the second highest medal that can be awarded by the Department of the Navy and the second highest award given for valor. ... This article is about the harbor in Hawaii. ...

Throughout the 1990s, the sorority continued to provide after school mentoring programs, such as ON TRACK.^[36] ON TRACK, an acronym which stands for "Organizing, Nurturing, Team building, Respecting, Achieving, Counseling and Knowing," was designed to keep progression of 20,000 third graders, who were at-risk.^[63] Sponsored by Daimler Chrysler, ON TRACK was designated to "improve communication, academics, physical and emotional health, peer leadership, etiquette, and interpersonal relationships."^[36][63] In addition, programs such as the Ivy Reading AKAdemy and Young Authors Program improved elementary reading comprehension skills, while P.I.M.S. assisted to bring attention to math and science.^[36] DaimlerChrysler AG (Xetra: DCX) , (NYSE: DCX), with headquarters in Stuttgart, Germany and Auburn Hills, Michigan, is a prominent automobile and truck manufacturer, formed in 1998 by the buyout of the Chrysler Corporation (USA) by Daimler-Benz (Germany). ... Incorrect shortening of Mathematics. ... A magnet levitating above a high-temperature superconductor demonstrates the Meissner effect. ...

Acting Surgeon General Rear Admiral Kenneth P. Moritsugu addressing participants at the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated's 98th National Founders Day in 2006. Then Alpha Kappa Alpha Executive Director Barbara McKinzie sits to the right.^[64]

In 1999, the sorority adopted a strict anti-hazing policy which is against "underground hazing, financial hazing, pre-pledging, post-pledging and post-initiation pledging."^[65] However, on September 9, 2002, a ten foot surf killed twenty-two year old Kristin High and twenty-four year old Kenitha Saafir during an underground ceremony at Dockweiler State Beach near the Pacific Ocean.^[66] The Los Angeles Police Department determined that the deaths were accidental.^[67] The two California State University students were interested in joining Alpha Kappa Alpha through an unauthorized chapter which was not recognized by the national organization nor the university.^[66] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Rear Admiral Kenneth P. Moritsugu, M.D., M.P.H., is currently the acting United States Surgeon General. ... Hazing is an often ritualistic test and a task, which may constitute harassment, abuse or humiliation with requirements to perform random, often meaningless tasks, sometimes as a way of initiation into a social group. ... is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... For the TV movie also known as The Ocean Waves, see I Can Hear the Sea. ... Dockweiler State Beach is a California beach protected under the state park system. ... LAPD and L.A.P.D. redirect here. ... The California State University (CSU) is one of three public higher education systems in the state of California, the other two being the University of California system and the California Community College System. ...

As a result of the incident, Kristin High's family filed a US$100 million wrongful death lawsuit on September 23 in Los Angeles District Court.^[66] The suit claimed that the two women lost sleep while performing tasks for the members of the underground sorority, carried out physical exercises on the beach, and were wearing jogging clothes and tennis shoes in the water, hindering their ability to remain afloat.^[68] According the lawsuit, which was reported by CNN, the two women were "blindfolded and tied by their hands and their bodies and led into the rip tide conditions of the ocean."^[68] Wrongful death is a claim in tort against a person who can be held liable for a death. ... Civil action redirects here. ... Flag Seal Nickname: City of Angels Location Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates , Government State County California Los Angeles County Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,290. ... Female internees practicing calisthenics in Manzanar. ... Jogging is a form of trotting or running at a slow or leisurely pace. ... An athletic shoe is a generic name for a shoe designed for sporting activities. ... The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a major cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. ...

The sorority responded to the call for help in fall 2005 after Hurricane Katrina, by raising money for a disaster relief fund.^[60][69] In addition, with the assistance of Habitat for Humanity, the sorority helped build a house for a family that survived Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans in July 2007.^[70] In the entertainment arena, Alpha Kappa Alpha supported NPHC member Alpha Phi Alpha in the denunciation of the film, Stomp the Yard for unauthorized use of the fraternity’s symbols and trademarks. The support from the sorority aided in a resolution to the satisfaction of the fraternity, producers Rainforest Productions, Sony Pictures and Screen Gems.^[71] The sorority continues to assist the community by initiating service related projects and serves as an organ. In addition to educational programs, the sorority contributed to drawing awareness to health related issues, such as AIDS, sickle cell anemia, breast cancer, and the importance of staying in shape.^[60][72][73] Recently, the sorority has supported the efforts of justice for the Jena Six.^[74] This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 2005. ... Official Habitat for Humanity logo Habitat for Humanity is an international, Christian, non-governmental, non-profit organization devoted to building quality, low-cost, affordable housing. ... This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 2005. ... New Orleans is the largest city in the state of Louisiana, United States of America. ... Stomp the Yard is a 2007 drama film produced by Rainforest Films and released through Sony Pictures Screen Gems division on January 12, 2007. ... Trademark infringement is a violation of the exclusive rights attaching to a registered trademark without the authorisation of the trademark owner or any licensees (provided that such authorization was within the scope of the license). ... Sony Pictures Entertainment, Inc. ... Screen Gems is an American subsidiary company of Sony Pictures Entertainments Columbia TriStar Motion Picture Group that has served several different purposes for its parent companies over the decades since its incorporation. ... For other uses, see AIDS (disambiguation). ... Sickle-shaped red blood cells Sickle cell anemia (American English), sickle cell anaemia (British English) or sickle cell disease is a genetic disease in which red blood cells may change shape under certain circumstances. ... Breast cancer is cancer of breast tissue. ... Obesity is a condition in which the natural energy reserve, stored in the fatty tissue of humans and other mammals, is increased to a point where it is associated with certain health conditions or increased mortality. ... For other uses, see Jena (disambiguation). ...

Centennial Celebration: January 15, 2008

Alpha Kappa Alpha will celebrate their centenary with a year long commemoration in 2007, and will end with a week of recognizing accolades in Washington, D.C. The celebration will also coincide with the sorority's biennial Boulè.^[76] In addition, the organization will be marking their centennial by making a pilgrimage to Howard University from January 12 to January 15, 2008.^[76][77] This article is about the religious or spiritual journey. ... is the 12th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 15th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (common) era, in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ...

The sorority has connected to the past by associating with African Ancestry.^[78] African Ancestry's DNA testing will be used to find genealogical chronology for families of sorority members. The purpose of the partnership is to trace familiar relativity throughout the world as well as in Africa so as to fully embrace the self recognition of the African-American culture and the community at large.^[79] The structure of part of a DNA double helix Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is a nucleic acid molecule that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms. ... A genealogical DNA test examines the nucleotides at specific locations on a persons DNA for genetic genealogy purposes. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ...

Membership

Further information: List of Alpha Kappa Alpha sisters

Alpha Kappa Alpha's National Headquarters in Chicago, Illinois

Alpha Kappa Alpha asserts that it has a membership of over 200,000 college-trained women from around the world. The sorority has over 49,000 active members who represent a diverse constituency, from educators to heads of state, politicians, lawyers, medical professionals, media personalities, and decision-makers of major corporations. Graduate members constitute the largest percentage of membership.^[4] Alpha Kappa Alpha has 950 chapters located in the United States, the Caribbean, Canada, Germany, Korea and Japan. List of biographical articles and images relating to members of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Flag Seal Nickname: The Windy City Motto: Urbs In Horto (Latin: City in a Garden), I Will Location Location in Chicagoland and northern Illinois Coordinates , Government Country State Counties United States Illinois Cook, DuPage Mayor Richard M. Daley (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 606. ... West Indies redirects here. ... This article is about the Korean civilization. ...

The term soror, derived from the Latin for "sister",^[80] is used between members of the sorority. Membership of the Directorate includes the Board of Directors. For graduate chapters, "Omega" is added to distinguish those which consist of college graduates from undergraduate chapters. "Supreme," as a term, is amended to an international officeholder, such as Supreme Basileus.^[1] "Ivy Beyond the Wall," approved in 1930, refers to a deceased member of the sorority.^[1][26] For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ... Sister may refer to: a female sibling a member of a sorority a female member of a religious institution or congregation, often referred to as a nun in common language a female member of a mutual organisation such as a trade union one of a pair or larger group of... Look up Ω, ω in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Honorary membership is the highest honor that the sorority presents to prospective members.^[4] For example, Jane Addams, was the first honorary member.^[81] Eleanor Roosevelt, a former First Lady and wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, was a honorary member of Alpha Kappa Alpha. Senator Hillary Clinton, former First Lady and wife of President Bill Clinton, initially accepted honorary membership into Alpha Kappa Alpha, but later declined due to the sorority's exclusive requirements which would prevent her from accepting honorary membership in other NPHC organizations.^[82] A silver coin of the Seleucid king Antiochus I Soter. ... President is a title held by many leaders of organizations, companies, trade unions, universities, and countries. ... A vice president is an officer in government or business who is next in rank below a president. ... For other uses, see Secretary (disambiguation). ... Finance studies and addresses the ways in which individuals, businesses, and organizations raise, allocate, and use monetary resources over time, taking into account the risks entailed in their projects. ... Look up Treasurer in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up presenter, host in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A Serjeant at Arms (also spelt Sergeant at Arms, and sometimes Serjeant-at-Arms) is an officer appointed by a deliberative body, usually a legislature, to keep order during its meetings. ... Laura Jane Addams (September 6, 1860 – May 21, 1935) was a founder of the U.S. Settlement House Movement and the first American woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. ... Anna Eleanor Roosevelt known as Eleanor (IPA: ; October 11, 1884 – November 7, 1962) was an American political leader who used her influence as an active First Lady from 1933 to 1945 to promote the New Deal policies of her husband, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, as well as taking a prominent... This article is about the use of the term first lady internationally. ... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      For other uses, see President of the United States (disambiguation). ... FDR redirects here. ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ... Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26, 1947) is the junior United States Senator from New York, and is a candidate for the Democratic nomination in the 2008 presidential election. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ...

Membership interest and intake

An "Ivy Leaf Pledge Club" located at Wilberforce University in 1922

The Ivy Leaf Pledge Club was the official pledge club of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated.^[83] The club consisted of potential candidates who were interested in joining the sorority. For example, at Wilberforce University, the Ivy Leaf Pledge Club's motto was "nothing but the highest" and their colors were pink and blue.^[84] Interested members would join the pledge club before being inducted into the sorority.^[85] In Our Kind of People: Inside America's Upper Class, Lawrence Otis Graham tells of his aunt's experience in joining the Ivy Pledge Club: Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Wilberforce University, located in Wilberforce, Ohio, was founded in 1856. ... Lawrence Otis Graham is an African-American attorney, speaker, and a named best-selling author by The New York Times. ...

Ivy Leaf Pledge Club pin from Alpha Chapter of Howard University

In addition, according to Graham, the sorority would have "Pledge Week", a period where a candidate's grades and behavior were examined by chapter members. Candidates who withstood this period were subsequently initiated into the sorority.^[86] Currently, in undergraduate chapters, membership interest is processed by an interest meeting, which is also known as a "rush". After the candidate receives an official letter from the sorority's headquarters, she can participate in the membership intake process. Prospective members must have a C+ average prior to their membership submission as well as have a record in community service. If a prospective member has graduated, that member could be invited to join the sorority at the discretion of the graduate chapter.^[87] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

Leadership: Founders and Executive Directors

The leadership of the sorority in the early years was derived from three separate groups—the original group, the sophomores and the incorporators, whose combination is well known as "The Twenty Pearls."^[88][1] The Executive Director position has been held by eight members since the office's creation on October 9, 1949.^[89] is the 282nd day of the year (283rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Carrie Snowden was one of the twenty founders of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated, specifically belonging to the sophomore group. ... Minnie B. Smith was a sophomore founder and an incorporator of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, who graduated Howard University in 1912. ... Lavinia Norman (December 14, 1882 - January 22, 1983) was one of the sixteen original founders of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated. ... Harriet Josephine Terry (February 4, 1885 - August 15, 1967) was one of the sophomores of 1910 initiated into Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated. ... Marie Woolfolk Taylor (December 18, 1893 - October 21, 1937) was one of the sixteen founders of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated. ...

International Presidents

Nellie Quander (b. ... Dorothy Celeste Boulding Ferebee (October 10, 1898 - September 14, 1980) was an African-American physician and activist. ... Linda Marie[1] White was Alpha Kappa Alphas twenty-sixth International President, who served from 2002 to 2006. ... Barbara A. McKinzie is Alpha Kappa Alphas twenty-seventh International President, who is serving from 2006 to 2010. ...

The Boulè

Main article: List of Alpha Kappa Alpha Boulès

The Boulè is the regulating institution of the sorority and currently meets every two years.^[1] Throughout the years at the Boulè conferences, notable individuals such as civil rights activists Martin Luther King, Jr. and Roy Wilkins, former Virginia Governor L. Douglas Wilder, Johnnie Cochran, First Lady Laura Bush, former U.S. Presidents Bill Clinton and Jimmy Carter were notable speakers. The following are the list of Boulè conferences which were held by Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated:[1] Notes: No Boulè occurred in 1942 due to World War II. The 41st Boulè was the last meeting which was scheduled around the Christmas holiday. ... Roy Wilkins, 1968. ... Tim Kaine, the current Governor The Governor of Virginia serves as the chief executive of the Commonwealth of Virginia for a four-year term. ... Lawrence Douglas Wilder (born January 17, 1931) is an American politician. ... Johnnie L. Cochran, Jr. ... Laura Lane Welch Bush (born November 4, 1946) is the wife of the forty-third and current President of the United States George W. Bush and is thereby the First Lady of the United States. ... For the pop band, see Presidents of the United States of America. ... William Jefferson Bill Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III[1] on August 19, 1946) was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001. ... For other persons named Jimmy Carter, see Jimmy Carter (disambiguation). ...

Regions

The nine regions of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority within the United States^[91]

Beginning in 1924, after the establishment of 32 graduate and undergraduate chapters, Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority organized chapters according to their regions in the United States and abroad. The Boulé determines the boundaries of the regions.^[92] The ten regions are each led by a regional director, where she serves a member of the sorority's Board of Directors. In addition to serving on the sorority's Board of Directors, the regional director also follows guidelines, program targets set by the International President, as well as procedures.^[92] Almost two-thirds of the sorority's regional directors have been elected international presidents.^[92] A comprehensive list of regions is shown below: Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

Current platform

Alpha Kappa Alpha's ESP logo for Barbara A. McKinzie's 2006-2010 administration

The National Program theme for 2006-2010 administration, led under Alpha Kappa Alpha's International President Barbara A. McKinzie, is "The Heart of ESP: An Extraordinary Service Program." ESP is an acronym for Economics, Sisterhood, and Partnerships.^[93] The purpose of ESP is to energize and strengthen service to the community and sisterhood within Alpha Kappa Alpha. The five platforms included in the International Program and implemented in the Ivy Reading AKAdemy are: Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

• Platform I - Non-Traditional Entrepreneur
• Platform II - Economic Keys to Success
• Platform III - The Economic Growth of the Black Family
• Platform IV - Undergraduate Signature Program: Economic Educational Advancement Through Technology
• Platform V - Health Resource Management and Economics

On April 21, 2007, Centennial International President Barbara McKinzie announced at North Carolina A&T that the Undergraduate Signature Program, Economic Educational Advancement through Technology, would provide free technology training at ten universities, (five are HBCUs), which include the following:^[94] is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... North Carolina A&T State University North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University (NC A&T) is a land-grant doctoral/research intensive university located in Greensboro, North Carolina. ... By the mid 20th century humans had achieved a mastery of technology sufficient to leave the surface of the Earth for the first time and explore space. ... In the United States, Historically black colleges and universities (HBCU) are colleges or universities that were established before 1964 with the intention of serving the African American community. ...

Langston University is in Langston, Oklahoma. ... The University of Toledo is a public university situated in Toledo, Ohio. ... Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, commonly known as Florida A&M or FAMU (pronounced fam-you), is a historically black university located in Tallahassee, Florida, the state capital, and is one of eleven institutions in Floridas State University System. ... Texas Southern University is one of the largest historically black universities in the USA. Located in Houston, Texas, the university was established on March 3, 1947 by the Texas Legislature and it was initially named Texas State University for Negroes. ... Northwestern University (NU) is a selective private, nonsectarian, coeducational research university with campuses located in Evanston, Illinois and downtown Chicago, Illinois. ... Brown University is a private university located in Providence, Rhode Island. ... Vanderbilt University is a private, nonsectarian, coeducational research university in Nashville, Tennessee. ... Stanford redirects here. ... The University of the Virgin Islands (or UVI) is a university with campuses on St. ... North Carolina A&T State University North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University (NC A&T) is a land-grant doctoral/research intensive university located in Greensboro, North Carolina. ...

National programs

Educational Advancement Foundation

Alpha Kappa Alpha's Educational Advancement Foundation (EAF) is a separate and tax-exempt branch of the sorority, which "provide[s] financial support to individuals and organizations engaged in lifelong learning."^[95] The foundation awards academic scholarships (for undergraduate members of the sorority, as well as non-members), fellowships, and grants for community service.^[96] In awarding the grants, the sorority does not discriminate against candidates based on gender, sexual preference, race, disability, or religion.^[97] A tax exemption is an exemption to the tax law of a state or nation in which part of the taxes that would normally be collected from an individual or an organization are instead forgone. ... A fellow in its broadest sense is someone who is an equal or a comrade. ... Grants are funds given to tax-exempt nonprofit organizations or local governments by foundations, corporations, governments, small business and individuals. ... To discriminate is to make a distinction. ... Gender in common usage refers to the sexual distinction between male and female. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with sexual orientation. ... For other uses, see Race (disambiguation). ... Look up disability in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

History and donations

Official logo of the Educational Advancement Foundation

The foundation was the brainchild of Constance Holland, the sister of former Alpha Kappa Alpha International President Dr. Barbara Phillips, in 1978. The foundation had official beginnings in 1980 and the sorority donated US$10,000 for the project. Eight years later, the organization first awarded $10,000 to fourteen students. In 1991, EAF first awarded mini-grants to community organizations. In 1998, EAF provided the first Youth Partners Accessing Capital (P.A.C.) award to an undergraduate member. After twenty years of the organization's founding in 2000, EAF published Perpetuating Our Posterity: A Blueprint for Excellence. The book served as a comprehensive history of the organization and as a source of advisement for other beginning philanthropic groups to follow. Taking advantage of the digital age, EAF first went online with a website in 2003. The organization celebrated a silver anniversary in Nassau, Bahamas in 2005. Currently, EAF is incorporated into International President Barbara A. MacKenzie's centennial program for funding under Excellent Scholarly Performance. Overall, EAF has donated more than $200,000 in grants and awarded 1,400 students scholarships.^[98] Along with Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated, some main donors to the organization include Continental Airlines and Northern Trust. Several other organizations have contributed to the foundation via matching donations.^[99] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Philanthropy involves the donation or granting of money to various worthy charitable causes. ... For the more general networking concept, see computer network, computer networking, and internetworking. ... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that is hosted on one or several Web server(s), usually accessible via the Internet, cell phone or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML... For other uses of Nassau, see Nassau (disambiguation). ... Continental Airlines (NYSE: CAL) is a U.S. certificated air carrier. ... Northern Trust Corporation NASDAQ: NTRS is a financial services company, headquartered in Chicago, providing fiduciary, banking and investment services for individuals and credit, operating, custody, trust and investment management services for organizations. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Members of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated assisting Delaware's Department of Highway Safety in distributing booster seats to low income children.

Image File history File links Size of this preview: 386 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (713 × 1108 pixel, file size: 64 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Modified/cropped image of http://ohs. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 386 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (713 × 1108 pixel, file size: 64 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Modified/cropped image of http://ohs. ... This article is about the U.S. State of Delaware. ...

Projects

• The Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority Traveling Exhibit chronicles the advancements of Alpha Kappa Alpha members throughout the organization's ninety-nine years of existence. The exhibit appears in several cities across the nation from 2006 to 2008.^[100]

• Advocates for Black Colleges - The purpose of the Advocates for Black Colleges is to financially support $100,000 for selected historically black college and university, in order to support the institution's scholarships and program grants. Corporations as well as minority graduates of historically black colleges are encouraged to donate funds as well. The first college receiving aid is Stillman College in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.^[101]

• Howard University Fund - Alpha Kappa Alpha is celebrating the centennial of the sorority's founding by donating two million dollars to Howard University though two facets. First, the Moorland-Spingarn Research Center houses the historical artifacts, photographs, documents, and recordings of Alpha Kappa Alpha's contributions to community service. One million dollars will be used to improve Alpha Kappa Alpha's archives from the donations provided by members of the sorority as well as external donors. In addition, one million dollars will be donated to the Nellie M. Quander Scholarship Fund. The fund will be used to finance partial or full scholarships for Howard University women in their junior and senior years.^[101]

• Chapter Scholarships - Undergraduate and graduate members of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority's chapters send separate dues to the Educational Advancement Foundation in order to fund local scholarships.^[101][102] Depending on the size of the contributions by the chapter, the scholarships generally range from $100 to $500. In order for a chapter to donate under the EAF's Endowment Fund, a chapter needs to raise $20,000.^[103] Afterwards, the chapter can award scholarships to individuals in the local arena under EAF's namesake.^[103][104]

In the United States, Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) (a type of Minority Serving Institution or MSI) are colleges or universities that were established before 1964 with the intention of serving the African-American community. ... Stillman College (not to be confused with the fictional:Hillman College that was the alma mater of Dr. Cliff Huxtable, the lead character on The Cosby Show) is a historically black liberal arts college founded in 1876 and located in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. ... Tuscaloosa is a city in west central Alabama in the southern United States. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... The Moorland-Spingarn Research Center (MSRC) is recognized as one of the worlds largest and most comprehensive repositories for the documentation of the history and culture of people of African descent in Africa, the Americas, and other parts of the world. ...

Ivy Acres

Ivy Acres will be a retirement center located in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, and is sponsored by Senior Residences, Incorporated, a subsidiary of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority.^[105] Ivy Acres will be one of the first retirement centers founded by African-Americans and minorities in the United States and offers assisted or individual living for individuals who are over fifty-five, regardless of background, ethnicity or religion.^{[106][105][107]} Barbara K. Phillips, former Vice-President and Project Coordinator for Senior Residences, Incorporated, explains the purpose of Ivy Acres: Nickname: Motto: Youre Something Special in Winston-Salem Location in North Carolina Coordinates: , Country State Counties Forsyth County Founded Consolidated 1766 Salem 1849 Winston 1913 Government  - Mayor Allen Joines (D) Area  - City  132. ... In sociology and in voting theory, a minority is a sub-group that is outnumbered by persons who do not belong to it. ...

We determined that there is a need out there, but this will be open to all. We want to be diverse, we want to be multicultural. Anyone who wants to come will be welcome.^[105][108]

The site will be located on a forty-eight acre gated community.^[106] The planning for Ivy Acres cost approximately thirty-two million dollars.^[105] In addition, according to Business Wire, Ivy Acres will ultimately comprise of " 188 independent residential units, which will be both apartments and cottages, forty assisted-living apartments and twenty private accommodations for skilled nursing care.".^[105] However, residents are expected to pay $1,890 to $2,890 per month for services.^[105] In addition to housing, meals will be provided for residents.^[106] An acre is the name of a unit of area in a number of different systems, including Imperial units and United States customary units. ... Business Wire logo == THIS POSTING MAY BE IN VIOLATION AND MAY NEED TO BE EDITED. IT READS AS AN ADVETISIMENT AND ITS CLAIMS HAVE NOT BEEN VERIFIED. == Business Wire is a company that disseminates full-text news releases from thousands of companies and organizations worldwide to news media, financial markets...

Ivy Reading AKAdemy

The Ivy Reading AKAdemy provides programs that encourage the entire community to become involved and serves as an educational and human resource center for programs provided by Alpha Kappa Alpha. Working with No Child Left Behind in mind, "The Ivy Reading AKAdemy," a reading initiative, focuses on early learning and mastery of basic reading skills for by the end of third grade. A $1.5 million dollar proposal is currently pending with the United States Department of Education to fund a three-year nationwide after-school demonstration project in low-performing, economically deprived inner city schools in 16 sites within the continental United States.^[36] President Bush signing the bipartisan No Child Left Behind Act at Hamilton H.S. in Hamilton, Ohio. ... The Lyndon Baines Johnson Department of Education Building[1]) , ED headquarters in Washington, DC A construction project to repair and update the building facade at the Department of Education Headquarters building in 2002 resulted in the installation of structures at all of the entrances to protect employees and visitors from...

Leadership Fellows Program

The green enameled ivy leaf is the official pin of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated.^[3]

The Leadership Fellows Program is a fully funded event in which thirty Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority sophomore and junior undergraduate members worldwide are individually trained for professional leadership roles. In addition, the fellows contribute to community service for one week. One of the selection criteria is that members must have at least a 3.0 GPA.^[109] The program initially was planned in 1978. In the following year, the first program was held in Indiana with twenty-nine students.^[36] Various cities around the United States have held the Leadership Fellows Program. In the past, Alpha Kappa Alpha has sponsored the event through the Educational Advancement Foundation. The event has also been sponsored by corporations such as Pillsbury, Tyson Foods, and Johnson & Johnson.^[110] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The initials GPA can refer, among other things, to Grade Point Average; see Grade (education) Guinness Peat Aviation General Practice Australia, a private, independent medical accreditation society Greyhound Pets of America This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same... For other uses, see Indiana (disambiguation). ... Pillsbury is a brand name used by Minneapolis-based General Mills and the The J. M. Smucker Company. ... Tyson Foods, Inc. ... Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ) is a global American pharmaceutical, medical devices and consumer packaged goods manufacturer founded in 1886. ...

P.I.M.S. (Partnerships in Mathematics and Science)

As a college sorority, we've always advanced an educational agenda. We always had high GPA requirements. And more than ever, we're pushing the importance of math and science for our girls. We need more black women in those fields.

—Linda Evans, 24th International President.^[111]

Partnerships in Mathematics and Science (P.I.M.S.) began in Linda Evans's administration in 1994, and was a part of the S.P.I.R.I.T. program during the Linda White administration.^[112] The program's purpose is to increase the successes of youth in mathematics, science, as well as technology. Campaigns to draw the program's importance were sponsored by the National Science Foundation and historically black colleges from across the country.^[112] Several chapters provided two-week math and science summer camps on college and day school campuses which consisted of hands-on-learning through laboratory interactions, field trips to important sites, youth camps, and speeches from influential experts in specific areas of studies.^[36][63] For example, a P.I.M.S. program at Park Street Elementary School in Marietta, Georgia, consisted of third through fifth grade girls and provided educational field trips in order to stimulate involvement in math and science.^[113][101] Also, a national P.I.M.S. Olympiad, deriving from knowledge of math and science, in conjunction with the P.I.M.S. Community Parade was held at the 58th Boulè in Dallas, Texas.^[36][63] Linda Marie[1] White was Alpha Kappa Alphas twenty-sixth International President, who served from 2002 to 2006. ... The logo of the National Science Foundation The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent United States government agency that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering. ... Historic Downtown Marietta Marietta is a city located in central Cobb County, Georgia GR6, and is its county seat. ...

Young Authors Program

In Linda White's administration, the Young Authors Program was born. The purpose of the program is to encourage and raise involvement in reading and writing in kindergarten through third grade school children. Each of the ten regions in the sorority had the opportunity to choose a child's story to be published in a two volume anthology entitled, The Spirit Within: Voices of Young Authors.^[36] In 2004, twenty children were honored in the first anthology.^[114] The authors were recognized and performed book signings in the 2004 and 2006 Boulés.^[36] At the 2004 Boulé in Nashville, Tennessee, former Department of Education Secretary Rod Paige attended, and First Lady Laura Bush spoke on the importance of reading as well as the importance of the program.^[114] The Lyndon Baines Johnson Department of Education Building[1]) , ED headquarters in Washington, DC A construction project to repair and update the building facade at the Department of Education Headquarters building in 2002 resulted in the installation of structures at all of the entrances to protect employees and visitors from... Roderick Raynor Rod Paige (born June 17, 1933), served as the 7th United States Secretary of Education from 2001 to 2005. ...

Teaching our children to read is the most critical educational priority facing our country. Children who do not learn to read by third grade continue to find reading a challenge throughout their lives. These expectations increase in amount and complexity each year. — First Lady Laura Bush. July 15, 2004.^[115] is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Citations

African American topics
African American history
Slavery in the United States
African American military history
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Civil Rights: 1896-1954 1955-1968
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Image File history File links AmericaAfrica. ... An African American (also Afro-American, Black American, or simply black) is a member of an ethnic group in the United States whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Africa. ... African American history is the portion of American history that specifically discusses the African American or Black American ethnic group in the United States. ... Slave sale in Easton, Maryland The history of slavery in the United States (1619-1865) began soon after the English colonists first settled in Virginia and lasted until the passage of the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. ... Military history of African Americans is that of African Americans in the United States since the arrival of the first black slaves in 1619 to the present day. ... Manifestations Slavery Racial profiling Lynching Hate speech Hate crime Genocide (examples) Ethnocide Ethnic cleansing Pogrom Race war Religious persecution Gay bashing Blood libel Paternalism Police brutality Movements Policies Discriminatory Race / Religion / Sex segregation Apartheid Redlining Internment Anti-discriminatory Emancipation Civil rights Desegregation Integration Equal opportunity Counter-discriminatory Affirmative action Racial... For the automotive term, see redline. ... See also: American Civil Rights Movement (1955-1968) The civil rights movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to all Americans. ... Prominent figures of the African-American Civil Rights Movement. ... Reparations for slavery is a movement in the United States, which suggests that the government apologize to slave descendants for their hardships, and bestow on them reparations, whether it be in the form of money, land, or other goods. ... In the United States, African American culture or Black culture includes the various cultural traditions of African American communities. ... African American studies, or Black studies, is an interdisciplinary academic field devoted to the study of the history, culture, and politics of African Americans. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... African American neighborhoods or black neighborhoods are types of ethnic enclaves found in many cities in the United States. ... In the United States, Historically black colleges and universities (HBCU) are colleges or universities that were established before 1964 with the intention of serving the African American community. ... Kwanzaa (or Kwaanza) is a week-long Pan-African festival primarily honoring African-American heritage. ... African American art is a broad term describing the visual arts of the American black community. ... African American dances in the vernacular tradition (academically known as African American vernacular dance) are those dances which have developed within African American communities in everyday spaces, rather than in dance studios, schools or companies. ... The Color Purple by Alice Walker African American literature is the body of literature produced in the United States by writers of African descent. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... This reproduction of a 1900 minstrel show poster, originally published by the Strobridge Litho Co. ... Detail from cover of The Celebrated Negro Melodies, as Sung by the Virginia Minstrels, 1843 The minstrel show, or minstrelsy, was an American entertainment consisting of comic skits, variety acts, dancing, and music, performed by white people in blackface or, especially after the American Civil War, African Americans in blackface. ... This is a list of museums about, or otherwise focused on African Americans. ... The term black church or African American church refers to predominantly African American Christian churches that minister to black communities in the United States. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The Nation of Islam (NOI) is a religious and social/political organization founded in the United States by Wallace Fard Muhammad in 1930 with the self-proclaimed goal of resurrecting the spiritual, mental, social, economic condition of the black man and woman of America and belief that God will bring... Black Hebrew Israelites (also Black Hebrews, African Hebrew Israelites, and Hebrew Israelites) are groups of people of African ancestry situated mostly in the United States who claim to be descendants of the ancient Israelites. ... This article is about the West African religion. ... Hoodoo is a form of predominantly African American, Christian, traditional folk magic. ... For other uses, see Santeria (disambiguation). ... Pan-African people are all people with African physical features. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... ‹ The template below is being considered for deletion. ... Black Capitalism is a name for a movement among African Americans to build wealth through the ownership and development of businesses. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... The Black Panther Party (originally called the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) was an African American organization founded to promote civil rights and self-defense. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP, generally pronounced as EN Double AY SEE PEE) is one of the oldest and most influential civil rights organizations in the United States. ... The Southern Christian Leadership Conference Logo. ... “CORE” redirects here. ... The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (or SNCC, pronounced snick) was one of the principal organizations of the American Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s. ... National Urban League Logo The National Urban League (NUL) is a nonpartisan civil rights organization based in New York City that advocates on behalf of African Americans and against racial discrimination in the United States. ... The Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH) is a non-profit organization founded in Chicago, Illinois, in 1915 as The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History by Carter G. Woodson and Jesse E. Moorland. ... United Negro College Fund logo The United Negro College Fund (UNCF) is a Fairfax, Virginia-based American philanthropic organization that fundraises college tuition money for African-American students and general scholarship funds for 39 historically black colleges and universities. ... National Black Chamber of Commerce The National Black Chamber of Commerce, (NBCC), was “incorporated in March of 1993, in Washington D.C.” The organizations mission is “To economically empower and sustain African American communities, through the process of entrepreneurship and capitalistic activity within the United States and via interaction with... The National Pan-Hellenic Council, Inc. ... The Links, Incorporated is an exclusive non-profit organization based upon the ideals of combining friendship and community service and was was founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on November 9, 1946, from a group of ladies known as the Philadelphia Club to have focuses on civic, cultural, and educational endeavors[1... Bud Fowler, the first professional black baseball player with one of his teams, Western of Keokuk, Iowa The Negro Leagues were American professional baseball leagues comprising predominantly African-American teams. ... The Central Intercollegiate Athletic Association (CIAA) is a college athletic conference made up of historically black colleges in the southeastern United States. ... logo of Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference The Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (SIAC) is a College athletic conference consisting of historically black colleges located in the southern United States. ... The Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC) is a collegiate athletic conference which consists of historically black colleges in the southeastern United States. ... The Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) is a college athletic conference made up of historically black universities in the southern United States. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... The Gullah language (Sea Island Creole English, Geechee) is a creole language spoken by the Gullah people (also called Geechees), an African American population living on the Sea Islands and the coastal region of the U.S. states of South Carolina and Georgia. ... Louisiana Creole (Créole Louisiane and Kourí-Viní, as it is known in and near St. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Notable African-American or Black people, other than Black Caribbeans. ... This is a list of landmark legislation, court decisions, executive orders, and proclamations in the United States significantly affecting African Americans. ... This is an alphabetical list of African-American-related topics: Contents: Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A African American African American contemporary issues African American culture... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 333rd day of the year (334th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 275th day of the year (276th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 285th day of the year (286th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 150th day of the year (151st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 286th day of the year (287th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... HarperCollins is a publishing company owned by News Corporation. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 150th day of the year (151st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 110th day of the year (111th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 104th day of the year (105th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 227th day of the year (228th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The University of Mississippi, also known as Ole Miss, is a public, coeducational research university located in Oxford, Mississippi. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... [[Media:Italic text]]{| style=float:right; |- | |- | |} is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 271st day of the year (272nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 131st day of the year (132nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Harvard University Press is a publishing house, a division of Harvard University, that is highly respected in academic publishing. ... Albion College is a small, private liberal arts college located in Albion, Michigan. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Construction of the Thomas Jefferson Building, from July 8, 1888 to May 15, 1894. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Case Western Reserve University is a university in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, with some residence halls on the south end of campus located in Cleveland Heights. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Mae C. Jemison blasted into orbit aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour, September 12, 1992, she was the first non-white woman to go into space. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... National Institutes of Health Building 50 at NIH Clinical Center - Building 10 The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services and is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical research. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Cable News Network, commonly known as CNN, is a major cable television network founded in 1980 by Ted Turner. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 199th day of the year (200th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 11th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 293rd day of the year (294th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 297th day of the year (298th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 263rd day of the year (264th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 135th day of the year (136th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 243rd day of the year (244th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 236th day of the year (237th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... {| style=float:right; |- | |- | |} is the 235th day of the year (236th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... [[Media:Italic text]]{| style=float:right; |- | |- | |} is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 147th day of the year (148th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... HarperCollins is a publishing company owned by News Corporation. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 147th day of the year (148th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 280th day of the year (281st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 135th day of the year (136th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 129th day of the year (130th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 137th day of the year (138th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 170th day of the year (171st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 170th day of the year (171st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 170th day of the year (171st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 131st day of the year (132nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 131st day of the year (132nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 149th day of the year (150th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jet magazine is a popular African-American publication founded in Chicago, Illinois in 1951 by John H. Johnson of Johnson Publishing Company. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 151st day of the year (152nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 196th day of the year (197th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 151st day of the year (152nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 186th day of the year (187th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

References

Lawrence Sullivan Ross (Sul Ross) (September 27, 1838–January 3, 1898) was governor of the state of Texas from January 18, 1887 to January 20, 1891. ...

External links

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Alpha Kappa Alpha

• Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated Official Website
• Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated Centennial Celebration
• Alpha Kappa Alpha - Educational Advancement Foundation, Incorporated
• Alpha Kappa Alpha's Ivy Acres