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The Alsean (also Yakonan) language family consists of two closely related languages that were spoken along the central Oregon coast. State nickname: Beaver State Other U.S. States Capital Salem Largest city Portland Governor Ted Kulongoski Official languages None Area 255,026 km² (9th) - Land 248,849 km² - Water 6,177 km² (2. ...
Both of these languages are now extinct. History This group is probably extinct, though a few members may be mixed in with the Confederated Tribes of the Siletz, where the remaining members were relocated. ...
Yaquina is now a place-name native of the American state of Oregon. ...
The name Alsea is derived from the Coosan name for them, alsí or alsí·, and Marys River Kalapuyan name for them, alsí·ya. The name Yaquina is derived from the Alsean name for the Yaquina Bay and the Yaquina River region, yuqú·na.
Many consider Alsea and Yaquina to be dialects of one language. Others consider them to be two different languages (that are very closely related). There may be a distant relationship between the Alsean languages, Siuslaw, and the Coosan languages. They may also be related the Wintuan languages. Linguistic research is being carried out to determine if any of these relationships are valid—this research also is a part of a larger Penutian super-family hypothesis. Siuslaw is one of the three Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua, and Siuslaw located on the southwest Oregon Pacific coast in the United States. ...
The Coosan (also Coos or Kusan) language family consists of two languages spoken along the southern Oregon coast: Hanis Miluk (a. ...
The Wintu were Native Americans who lived in what is now Northern California. ...
The Penutian is a phylum (or stock) of language families that include many Native American languages of western North America, predominantly spoken at one time in Washington, Oregon, and California. ...
Alsea was last recorded in 1942 from the last speaker, John Albert, by J. P. Harrington.
Yaquina was last recorded in 1884 by James Owen Dorsey.
Sounds
Alsean languages have both oral and nasal vowels.
The 34 consonants of the Alsean languages:
- The status of /hʷ/ is uncertain.
- /s/ is actually between alveolar and post-alveolar.
In phonetics, a bilabial consonant is a consonant articulated with both lips. ...
Alveolars are consonants articulated with the tip of the tongue against the alveolar ridge, the internal side of the upper gums (known as the alveoles of the upper teeth). ...
Palatal consonants are consonants articulated with the middle or back part of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth). ...
Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate (the back part of the roof of the mouth, known also as the velum). ...
Uvulars are consonants articulated with the back of the tongue against or near the uvula, that is, further back in the mouth than velar consonants. ...
Glottal consonants are consonants articulated with the glottis. ...
A stop, plosive or occlusive is a consonant sound produced by stopping the airflow in the vocal tract. ...
Affricate consonants begin like stops (most often an alveovelar, such as or ) and that doesnt have a release of its own, but opens directly into a fricative such as or (or, in one language, into a trill). ...
A nasal consonant is produced when the velum—that fleshy part of the palate near the back—is lowered, allowing air to escape freely through the nose. ...
Fricative consonants are produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together (e. ...
Approximants are speech sounds that could be regarded as intermediate between vowels and typical consonants. ...
Bibliography - Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509427-1.
- Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages of Native North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X.
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