NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Alveolar trill

IPA – number

122

IPA – text

IPA – image

Entity

X-SAMPA

r

Kirshenbaum

r<trl>

Sound sample (help· info)

The alveolar trill is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents dental, alveolar, and postalveolar trills is r, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is r. It is informally called the rolling R or rolled R. Quite often, this symbol is used in phonemic transcriptions (especially those found in dictionaries) of languages like English and German that have rhotic consonants that are not an alveolar trill. This is partly due to ease of typesetting and partly because <r> is often the symbol used for the orthographies of such languages. Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the â€œInternational Phonetic Alphabetâ€. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... Image:Xsampa-r. ... HTML has been in use since 1991 (note that the W3C international standard is now XHTML), but the first standardized version with a reasonably complete treatment of international characters was version 4. ... The Extended SAM Phonetic Alphabet (X-SAMPA) is a variant of SAMPA developed in 1995 by John C. Wells, professor of phonetics at the University of London. ... Kirshenbaum, sometimes called ASCII-IPA, is a system used to represent the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) in ASCII. It was developed for Usenet, notably the newsgroups sci. ... Image File history File links Alveolar_trill. ... In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a sound in spoken language that is characterized by a closure or stricture of the vocal tract sufficient to cause audible turbulence. ... Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the â€œInternational Phonetic Alphabetâ€. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... Dentals are consonants such as t, d, n, and l articulated with either the lower or the upper teeth, or both, rather than with the gum ridge as in English. ... Alveolar consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the superior teeth. ... Postalveolar (or palato-alveolar) consonants are consonants articulated with the tip of the tongue between the alveolar ridge (the place of articulation for alveolar consonants) and the palate (the place of articulation for palatal consonants). ... In phonetics, a trill is a consonantal sound produced by vibrations between the articulator and the place of articulation. ... The Extended SAM Phonetic Alphabet (X-SAMPA) is a variant of SAMPA developed in 1995 by John C. Wells, professor of phonetics at the University of London. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Rhotic consonants, or R-like sounds, are non-lateral liquid consonants. ...

In the majority of Indo-European languages this sound is at least occasionally allophonic with an alveolar tap [ɾ], particularly in unstressed positions. Exceptions to this include Spanish and Albanian, which treat them as separate phonemes. The Indo-European languages comprise a family of several hundred related languages and dialects [1], including most of the major languages of Europe, as well as many spoken in the Indian subcontinent (South Asia), the Iranian plateau (Southwest Asia), and Central Asia. ... The alveolar tap or flap is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. ...

Features

In linguistics, manner of articulation describes how the tongue, lips, and other speech organs involved in making a sound make contact. ... In phonetics, a trill is a consonantal sound produced by vibrations between the articulator and the place of articulation. ... Places of articulation (passive & active): 1. ... Alveolar consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the superior teeth. ... An alveolar ridge is one of the two jaw ridges either on the roof of the mouth between the upper teeth and the hard palate or on the bottom of the mouth behind the lower teeth. ... In phonetics, phonation is the use of the laryngeal system to generate an audible source of acoustic energy, i. ... An oral consonant is a consonant sound in speech that is made by allowing air to escape from the mouth. ... A central or medial consonant is a consonant sound that is produced when air flows across the center of the mouth over the tongue. ... In phonetics, initiation is the action by which an air-flow is created through the vocal tract. ... This page is a candidate to be moved to Wiktionary. ... Human respiratory system The lungs flank the heart and great vessels in the chest cavity. ... The space between the vocal cords is called the glottis. ...

Occurrence

Language

Word

IPA

Meaning

Notes

Abkhaz

ашəара

[aʃʷara]

'measure'

See Abkhaz phonology

Albanian

rrush

[ruʃ]

'grape'

Arabic

رأس

[ræʔs]

'head'

represented by a <ر>. See Arabic phonology

Basque

errota

[eˈrota]

'mill'

Catalan

borrar

[buˈraɾ])

'to delete'

See Catalan phonology

Croatian

example needed

[]

Czech

chlor

[xlɔ̝r]

'chlorine'

May be syllabic. See Czech phonology

English (Scottish)

curd

[kʌrd]

'curd'

See English phonology

Finnish

purra

[purːɑ]

'to bite'

See Finnish phonology

French (southern France, rural Quebec)

rouge

[ruʒ]

'red'

See Standard and Quebec French phonologies.

German (southern)

Robe

[roːbə]

'robe'

See German phonology

Greek

νερό

[ne̞ˈro̞]

'water'

See Modern Greek phonology

Hungarian

erdő

[εrdøː]

'forest'

See Hungarian phonology

Italian

terra

[ˈtɛrra]

'earth'

See Italian phonology

Njoagwi Ngwe

[lɛ̀rɛ́]

'eye'

Polish

ręka

[rεŋka]

'hand'

See Polish phonology

Portuguese

carro

[käˈru]

'car'

See Portuguese phonology

Romanian

măr

[mər]

'apple'

See Romanian phonology

Russian

играть

[ɪˈgr̠atʲ]

'to play'

Retracted. See Russian phonology

Serbian

рт/rt

[r̩t]

'cape'

May be syllabic

Slovak

example needed

May be syllabic

Spanish

rey

[rej]

'king'

See Spanish phonology

Ubykh

[bəqˁʼərda]

'to roll around'

Ubykh has ten different uvular fricatives. See Ubykh phonology

Welsh

Rhagfyr

[ˈr̥aːgvɨr]

'December'

Articles with similar titles include the NATO phonetic alphabet, which has also informally been called the â€œInternational Phonetic Alphabetâ€. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words, see IPA chart for English. ... Abkhaz is a Northwest Caucasian language spoken mainly in Abkhazia[1] and Turkey. ... Abkhaz alphabet. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... This article is about the alphabet of the Albanian language. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... The Arabic alphabet is the script used for writing languages such as Arabic, Persian, Urdu, and others. ... The Arabic language has a standard pronunciation, which is basically the one used to recite the Quran. ... Basque (native name: euskara) is the language spoken by the Basque people who inhabit the Pyrenees in North-Central Spain and the adjoining region of South-Western France. ... The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. ... Catalan IPA: (catalÃ IPA: or []) is a Romance language, the national language of Andorra, and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Valencia (in the latter with the name of Valencian), and in the city of LAlguer in the Italian island of... Phonological Features Several characteristic features of Catalan as a Romance language (SAMPA phonetic scheme used): Like Occitan, losing of Latin final unstressed vowels, except -A; and then after some of the resulting consonantic groups a support vowel [ə] appears. ... Phonological Features Several characteristic features of Catalan as a Romance language (SAMPA phonetic scheme used): Like Occitan, losing of Latin final unstressed vowels, except -A; and then after some of the resulting consonantic groups a support vowel [ə] appears. ... The Croatian alphabet is a modified and extended version of the Latin alphabet which is used in Croatian language. ... Czech orthography is a system of rules for correct writing (orthography) in the Czech language. ... Czech phonology describes functions and pronunciation of individual phonemes used in the Czech language. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Scottish English is usually taken to mean the standard form of the English language used in Scotland, often termed Scottish Standard English. ... English orthography (or spelling), has relatively complicated rules when compared to other orthographic systems written with alphabetic scripts and contains many inconsistencies between spelling and pronunciation, necessitating rote learning for most people learning to read or write English. ... English phonology is the study of the phonology (ie the sound system) of the English language. ... The Finnish alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet, and especially its Swedish extension. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Quebec French or QuÃ©bÃ©cois French is a dialect of French spoken natively by the great majority (82. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Quebec French has differs from more phonemes than Metropolitan French, as it retains phonemic distinctions between and , and , and and whereas the latter of each pair has disappeared in Paris and several other parts of France. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... The Greek alphabet is an alphabet that has been used to write the Greek language since about the 9th century BCE. It was the first alphabet in the narrow sense, that is, a writing system using a separate symbol for each vowel and consonant alike. ... This page presents a sketch of the phonology of Standard Modern Greek. ... The Hungarian alphabet is an extension of the Latin alphabet. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... The Italian alphabet is a variant of the Latin alphabet used by the Italian language. ... // Phonology Vowels Notes: In Italian there is no phonemic distinction between long and short vowels. ... Bamileke dancers in BatiÃ©, West Province The Bamileke (French BamilÃ©kÃ©) are a collection of Semi-Bantu (or Grassfields Bantu) ethnic groups most highly concentrated in the western highlands of Cameroons West Province, west of the Noun River and southeast of the Bamboutos Mountains and in the Mungo region... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... // Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Below is a sketch of the phonology of Portuguese. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... The Romanian language has seven vowels and twenty-two consonants, including two semivowels, and . ... Russian orthography (Ð¿Ñ€Ð°Ð²Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ) is formally considered to encompass spelling (Ð¾Ñ€Ñ„Ð¾Ð³Ñ€Ð°Ñ„Ð¸Ñ ) and punctuation (Ð¿ÑƒÐ½ÐºÑ‚ÑƒÐ°Ñ†Ð¸Ñ ). Russian spelling, which is quite phonetic in practice, is a mix of the morphological and phonetic principles, with a few etymological or historic forms, and occasional grammatical differentiation. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Serbian (; ) is one of the standard versions of the Shtokavian dialect, used primarily in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Croatia, and by Serbs in the Serbian diaspora. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. ... The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most widely used alphabetic writing system in the world today. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Ubykh, a North-West Caucasian language, has the largest consonant inventory of all documented languages which do not use clicks, and also has the most disproportional ratio of phonemic consonants to vowels. ... Welsh redirects here, and this article describes the Welsh language. ... The modern Welsh alphabet (Yr Wyddor) contains 28 letters, of which eight are digraphs: a, b, c, ch, d, dd, e, f, ff, g, ng, h, i, l, ll, m, n, o, p, ph, r, rh, s, t, th, u, w, y The acute accent, the grave accent, the circumflex... Look up December in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Raised alveolar non-sonorant trill

There is a phone (different from [r]) which is exclusively used in Czech (in words such as rybáři 'fishermen'). Its manner of articulation is similar but the tongue is raised; it is partially fricative. It is orthographically represented by the letter <ř>, and in IPA as <r̝>. The basic manner of pronunciation is voiced but there is also a voiceless allophone [r̝˚]. Look up phone in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Fricatives (or spirants) are consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together. ...

Contents

Features

Occurrence

Raised alveolar non-sonorant trill

See also

Contents

Features var ACE_AR = {Site: '756743', Size: '300250'};

Occurrence

Raised alveolar non-sonorant trill

See also

Features