NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Amalthea (moon)

Amalthea (am'-əl-thee'-ə, IPA: /ˌæməlˈθiːə/, Greek Αμάλθεια) is the third moon of Jupiter in order of distance from the planet. It was discovered on September 9, 1892, by Edward Emerson Barnard and named after Amalthea, a nymph in Greek mythology.^[8] It is also known as Jupiter V. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (860x410, 53 KB) Amalthea, as photographed by the Galileo spacecraft. ... Galileo being deployed after being launched by the Space Shuttle Atlantis on the STS-34 mission Galileo was an unmanned spacecraft sent by NASA to study the planet Jupiter and its moons. ... Edward Emerson Barnard (December 16, 1857 â€“ February 6, 1923) was an American astronomer. ... is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Two bodies with a slight difference in mass orbiting around a common barycenter. ... A diagram of Keplerian orbital elements. ... A kilometer (Commonwealth spelling: kilometre), symbol: km is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1,000 metres (from the Greek words Ï‡Î¯Î»Î¹Î± (khilia) = thousand and Î¼ÎÏ„ÏÎ¿ (metro) = count/measure). ... A diagram of Keplerian orbital elements. ... A kilometer (Commonwealth spelling: kilometre), symbol: km is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1,000 metres (from the Greek words Ï‡Î¯Î»Î¹Î± (khilia) = thousand and Î¼ÎÏ„ÏÎ¿ (metro) = count/measure). ... This article is about an authentication, authorization, and accounting protocol. ... A kilometer (Commonwealth spelling: kilometre), symbol: km is a unit of length in the metric system equal to 1,000 metres (from the Greek words Ï‡Î¯Î»Î¹Î± (khilia) = thousand and Î¼ÎÏ„ÏÎ¿ (metro) = count/measure). ... (This page refers to eccitricity in astrodynamics. ... The orbital period is the time it takes a planet (or another object) to make one full orbit. ... The orbital speed of a body, generally a planet, a natural satellite, an artificial satellite, or a multiple star, is the speed at which it orbits around the barycenter of a system, usually around a more massive body. ... For the science fiction novella by William Shunn, see Inclination (novella). ... A natural satellite is an object that orbits a planet or other body larger than itself and which is not man-made. ... Atmospheric characteristics Atmospheric pressure 70 kPa Hydrogen ~86% Helium ~14% Methane 0. ... For other uses, see Volume (disambiguation). ... A cubic kilometre (symbol km³) is an SI derived unit of volume. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... â€œKgâ€ redirects here. ... For other uses, see Density (disambiguation). ... The surface gravity of a Killing horizon is the acceleration, as exerted at infinity, needed to keep an object at the horizon. ... Acceleration is the time rate of change of velocity and/or direction, and at any point on a velocity-time graph, it is given by the slope of the tangent to the curve at that point. ... Space Shuttle Atlantis launches on mission STS-71. ... In astronomy, a rotation period is the time an astronomical object takes to complete one revolution around its rotation axis relative to the background stars. ... Due to synchronous rotation of their moon, the inhabitants of the central body will never be able to see its green side. ... In astronomy, axial tilt is the inclination angle of a planets rotational axis in relation to a perpendicular to its orbital plane. ... Albedo is the ratio of reflected to incident electromagnetic radiation. ... For other uses, see Temperature (disambiguation). ... The apparent magnitude (m) of a star, planet or other celestial body is a measure of its apparent brightness as seen by an observer on Earth. ... A natural satellite is an object that orbits a planet or other body larger than itself and which is not man-made. ... Atmospheric characteristics Atmospheric pressure 70 kPa Hydrogen ~86% Helium ~14% Methane 0. ... is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Edward Emerson Barnard (December 16, 1857 â€“ February 6, 1923) was an American astronomer. ... Infancy of Zeus by Jacob Jordaens, c. ... In Greek mythology, a nymph is any member of a large class of female nature entities, either bound to a particular location or landform or joining the retinue of a god or goddess. ... The bust of Zeus found at Otricoli (Sala Rotonda, Museo Pio-Clementino, Vatican) Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the Ancient Greeks concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices. ...

Amalthea is in a close orbit around Jupiter and is within the outer edge of the Amalthea Gossamer Ring, which is formed from dust ejected from its surface.^[9] From its surface, Jupiter would be an astonishing sight in its sky, appearing 92 times larger than the full moon.^[10] Amalthea is the largest of the inner satellites of Jupiter. Irregularly shaped and reddish in colour, it is thought to consist of porous water ice with unknown amounts of other materials. Its surface features include large craters and high mountains.^[3] This is a list of the named rings of Jupiter. ... For other uses, see Full Moon. ... The inner satellites of Jupiter are four small moons that orbit close to Jupiter, merging with its planetary ring. ...

Amalthea was photographed in 1979 and 1980 by the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft, and later, in more detail, by the Galileo orbiter in the 1990s.^[3] Voyager Project redirects here. ... Galileo is prepared for mating with the IUS booster Galileo being deployed after being launched by the Space Shuttle Atlantis on the STS-34 mission Galileo was an unmanned spacecraft sent by NASA to study the planet Jupiter and its moons. ...

Discovery and naming

Amalthea was discovered on September 9, 1892 by Edward Emerson Barnard using the 36 inch (91 cm) refractor telescope at Lick Observatory.^[8] It was the last planetary satellite to be discovered by direct visual observation (as opposed to photographically) and was the first new moon of Jupiter since Galileo Galilei's discovery of the Galilean moons in 1610. is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Edward Emerson Barnard (December 16, 1857 â€“ February 6, 1923) was an American astronomer. ... The James Lick Telescope is an antique refracting 36 inch (91. ... The Lick Observatory is an astronomical observatory, owned and operated by the University of California. ... Galileo redirects here. ... Jupiters 4 Galilean moons, in a composite image comparing their sizes and the size of Jupiter (Great Red Spot visible). ...

The moon is named after the nymph Amalthea from Greek mythology who nursed the infant Zeus (the Greek equivalent of Jupiter) with goat's milk.^[8] Its Roman numeral designation is Jupiter V. The name "Amalthea" was not formally adopted by the IAU until 1975,^[11] although it had been in informal use for many decades. The name was initially suggested by Camille Flammarion.^[12] Before 1975 Amalthea was most commonly known simply as Jupiter V. The adjectival form of the name is Amalthean.^[7] In Greek mythology, a nymph is any member of a large class of female nature entities, either bound to a particular location or landform or joining the retinue of a god or goddess. ... Amalthea, in Greek mythology, is the foster-mother of Zeus. ... The bust of Zeus found at Otricoli (Sala Rotonda, Museo Pio-Clementino, Vatican) Greek mythology is the body of stories belonging to the Ancient Greeks concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices. ... For other uses, see Zeus (disambiguation). ... A glass of cow milk Milk most often means the nutrient fluid produced by the mammary glands of female mammals. ... The system of Roman numerals is a numeral system originating in ancient Rome, and was adapted from Etruscan numerals. ... Logo of the IAU The International Astronomical Union (French: Union astronomique internationale) unites national astronomical societies from around the world. ... Camille Flammarion Camille Flammarion (February 26, 1842 â€“ June 3, 1925) was a French astronomer and author. ...

Orbit

Amalthea circles Jupiter at a distance of 181,000 km (2.54 Jupiter radii). The orbit of Amalthea has an eccentricity of 0.003 and an inclination of 0.37° relative to the equator of Jupiter.^[1] Such appreciably nonzero values of inclination and eccentricity, though still small, are unusual for an inner satellite and can be explained by the influence of the innermost Galilean satellite, Io: in the past Amalthea will have passed through several mean motion resonances with Io that will have excited its inclination and eccentricity (in a mean motion resonance the ratio of orbital periods of two bodies is a rational number like m:n).^[9] Atmospheric characteristics Atmospheric pressure 70 kPa Hydrogen ~86% Helium ~14% Methane 0. ... (This page refers to eccitricity in astrodynamics. ... For the science fiction novella by William Shunn, see Inclination (novella). ... In astronomy, an inner satellite is a natural satellite following a prograde, low inclination orbit inwards of the large satellites of the parent planet. ... Jupiters 4 Galilean moons, in a composite image comparing their sizes and the size of Jupiter (Great Red Spot visible). ... Atmosphere Surface pressure: trace Composition: 90% sulfur dioxide Io (eye-oe, IPA: , Greek á¿™ÏŽ) is the innermost of the four Galilean moons of Jupiter and, with a diameter of 3,642 kilometers, is the fourth largest moon in the Solar System. ... In celestial mechanics, an orbital resonance occurs when two orbiting bodies exert a regular, periodic gravitational influence on each other. ...

Amalthea's orbit lies near the outer edge of the Amalthea Gossamer Ring, which is composed of the dust ejected from the satellite.^[13] This is a list of the named rings of Jupiter. ...

Physical characteristics

The surface of Amalthea is very red (that is, its reflectivity increases with the wavelength from the green to near-infrared).^[3] The reddish color may be due to sulfur originating from Io or some other non ice material.^[3] Bright patches of green appear on the major slopes of Amalthea, but the nature of this color is currently unknown.^[3] The surface of Amalthea is slightly brighter than surfaces of other inner satellites of Jupiter.^[5] There is also a substantial asymmetry between leading and trailing hemispheres: the leading hemisphere is 1.3 times brighter than the trailing one. The asymmetry is probably caused by the higher velocity and frequency of impacts on the leading hemisphere, which excavate a bright material (presumably ice) from the interior of the moon.^[5] For other uses, see Red (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Infrared (disambiguation). ... This article is about the chemical element. ... Atmosphere Surface pressure: trace Composition: 90% sulfur dioxide Io (eye-oe, IPA: , Greek á¿™ÏŽ) is the innermost of the four Galilean moons of Jupiter and, with a diameter of 3,642 kilometers, is the fourth largest moon in the Solar System. ... For other uses, see Green (disambiguation). ... The inner satellites of Jupiter are four small moons that orbit close to Jupiter, merging with its planetary ring. ... The term hemisphere is used in three different meanings: one-half of the Earth (or other planetary or stellar body; see also New World and Old World) Eastern Hemisphere and Western Hemisphere. ... Tycho crater on Earths moon. ...

Amalthea is irregularly shaped, with the best ellipsoidal approximation being 250x146x128 km.^[3] Like all other inner moons of Jupiter it is tidally locked with the planet, the long axis pointing towards Jupiter at all times.^[9] Its surface is heavily scarred by craters, some of which are extremely large relative to the size of the moon: Pan, the largest crater, measures 100 kilometers across and is at least 8 kilometers deep.^[3] Another crater, Gaea, measures 80 kilometers across and is probably twice as deep as Pan.^[3] Amalthea has two prominent and named mountains, Mons Lyctas and Mons Ida with local relief reaching up to 20 kilometers.^[3] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Galileo being deployed after being launched by the Space Shuttle Atlantis on the STS-34 mission Galileo was an unmanned spacecraft sent by NASA to study the planet Jupiter and its moons. ... 3D rendering of an ellipsoid In mathematics, an ellipsoid is a type of quadric that is a higher dimensional analogue of an ellipse. ... A separate article treats the phenomenon of tidal resonance in oceanography. ... Tycho crater on Earths moon. ... Pan is the largest crater on Jupiters moon Amalthea. ... The Gaea Crater is a crater that appears on one of Jupiters smallest moons, Amalthea. ... Mons Lyctas is a mountain on one of Jupiters smallest moons Amalthea. ... Mons Ida is a mountain on Amalthea, one of Jupiters smallest moons. ...

Amalthea's irregular shape and large size led in the past to a conclusion that it is a fairly strong, rigid body,^[9] where it was argued that a body composed of ices or other weak materials would have been pulled into a more spherical shape by its own gravity. However, on November 5, 2002, the Galileo orbiter made a targeted flyby that came within 160 km of Amalthea and the deflection of its orbit was used to compute the moon's mass (its volume had been calculated previously (to within 10% or so) from a careful analysis of all extant images).^[3] In the end, Amalthea's density was found to be as low as 0.86 g/cm³,^[4]^[14] so it must be either a relatively icy body or very porous "rubble pile" or, more probably, something in between. Recent measurements from the Subaru telescope suggest that the moon is indeed icy,^[15] indicating that it cannot have formed in its current position, since the hot primordial Jupiter would have melted it. It is therefore likely to have formed farther from the planet or to be a captured Solar System body.^[4] A sphere is a symmetrical geometrical object. ... is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Galileo is prepared for mating with the IUS booster Galileo being deployed after being launched by the Space Shuttle Atlantis on the STS-34 mission Galileo was an unmanned spacecraft sent by NASA to study the planet Jupiter and its moons. ... In astronomy, rubble pile is the informal name for an asteroid that is not a monolith, consisting instead of numerous pieces of rock that have coalesced under the influence of gravity. ... The Subaru at sunset Subaru Telescope (In Japanese: すばる望遠鏡) is the 8. ... This article is about the Solar System. ...

Amalthea radiates slightly more heat than it receives from the Sun, which is probably due to the influence of Jovian heat flux (<9°K), sunlight reflected from the planet (<5°K) and charged particle bombardment (<2°K).^[7]. This is a trait shared with Io, although for very different reasons. Sol redirects here. ... Atmosphere Surface pressure: trace Composition: 90% sulfur dioxide Io (eye-oe, IPA: , Greek á¿™ÏŽ) is the innermost of the four Galilean moons of Jupiter and, with a diameter of 3,642 kilometers, is the fourth largest moon in the Solar System. ...

Relationship with Jupiter's rings

Due to its low density and irregular shape, the escape velocity at the surface points of Amalthea closest to and furthest from Jupiter is no more than 1 m/s and dust can easily escape from it after e.g. micrometeorite impacts; this dust forms the Amalthea Gossamer Ring.^[9] Atmospheric characteristics Atmospheric pressure 70 kPa Hydrogen ~86% Helium ~14% Methane 0. ... This is a list of the named rings of Jupiter. ...

During its flyby of Amalthea, the Galileo orbiter's star scanner detected nine flashes which appear to be small moonlets near the orbit of Amalthea. Since they were sighted only from one location, their true distances couldn't be measured. The moonlets may be anywhere from gravel to stadium-sized. Their origins are unknown, but they may be gravitationally captured into current orbit or they may be ejecta from meteor impacts on the moon. On the next and final orbit, Galileo detected more of these moonlets. However, this time Amalthea was on the other side of the planet, so it is probable that the particles form a ring around the planet near Amalthea's orbit.^[16] Galileo is prepared for mating with the IUS booster Galileo being deployed after being launched by the Space Shuttle Atlantis on the STS-34 mission Galileo was an unmanned spacecraft sent by NASA to study the planet Jupiter and its moons. ... The tiny moonlet Dactyl (right) in orbit around the asteroid 243 Ida. ... Artists impression of a major impact event. ... A planetary ring is a ring of dust and other small particles orbiting around a planet in a flat disc-shaped region. ...

Views to and from Amalthea

From Jupiter's surface —or rather, from just above its cloudtops— Amalthea would appear very bright, shining with a magnitude of −4.7^[10], similar to that of Venus from Earth. At only 5 arcminutes across,^[17] its disc would be barely discernible and it would thus appear starlike. Amalthea's orbital period is only slightly longer than its parent planet's day (~20% in this case), which means it would cross Jupiter's sky very slowly. The time between moonrise and moonset would be over 29 hours.^[10] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 536 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolution (601 Ã— 672 pixel, file size: 29 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 536 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolution (601 Ã— 672 pixel, file size: 29 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to en. ... The field of view is the part of the observable world that is seen at any given moment. ... The sky of a world refers to the view of the heavens from its surface. ... The apparent magnitude (m) of a star, planet or other celestial body is a measure of its apparent brightness as seen by an observer on Earth. ... Adjectives: Venusian or (rarely) Cytherean Atmosphere Surface pressure: 9. ... A minute of arc, arcminute, or MOA is a unit of angular measurement, equal to one sixtieth (1/60) of one degree. ...

From the surface of Amalthea, Jupiter would look enormous: 46 degrees across,^[17] it would appear roughly 92 times larger than the Full Moon. Because Amalthea is in synchronous rotation, Jupiter would not appear to move, and would be invisible from one side of Amalthea. The Sun would disappear behind the planet's bulk for an hour and a half each revolution. (To put this into perspective, Amalthea's short rotation period gives just under six hours of daylight.) Though Jupiter would appear 900 times brighter than the full Moon, its light would be spread over an area some 8500 times greater and it would not look as bright per surface unit.^[10] This article describes the unit of angle. ... For other uses, see Full Moon. ... Due to synchronous rotation of their moon, the inhabitants of the central body will never be able to see its green side. ...

Exploration

In 1979-1980, the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft made the first images of Amalthea, which resolved its surface.^[3] They also measured the visible and infrared spectra and measured the moon's surface temperature.^[7] Later, the Galileo orbiter completed the imaging of Amalthea's surface and a close flyby enabled it to constrain the moon's internal structure and composition. Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... For the album by The Verve, see Voyager 1 (album). ... Spectra are conditions or values that vary over a continuum. ... Galileo is prepared for mating with the IUS booster Galileo being deployed after being launched by the Space Shuttle Atlantis on the STS-34 mission Galileo was an unmanned spacecraft sent by NASA to study the planet Jupiter and its moons. ...

Named geological features

There are four named geological features on Amalthea: two craters and two faculae (bright spots),^[18] which are believed to be mountains. A facula (plural: faculae) is literally a bright spot. ...

Pan is the largest crater on Jupiters moon Amalthea. ... Pan (Greek , genitive ) is the Greek god of shepherds and flocks, of mountain wilds, hunting and rustic music: paein means to pasture. ... The Gaea Crater is a crater that appears on one of Jupiters smallest moons, Amalthea. ... For other uses, see Gaia. ... Lyctos Facula is a mountain on one of Jupiters smallest moons Amalthea. ... For other uses, see Crete (disambiguation). ... Ida Facula is a mountain on Amalthea, one of Jupiters smallest moons. ... Two sacred mountains are called Mount Ida in Greek mythology, equally named Mount of the Goddess. ... For other uses, see Crete (disambiguation). ...

In fiction

Amalthea is the setting of several works of science fiction, including stories by Arthur C. Clarke and James Blish. Galilean moons of Jupiter Jupiters extensive system of natural satellites â€“ in particular the four large Galilean moons (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) â€“ has been a common science fiction setting. ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ... Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Arthur C. Clarke Sir Arthur Charles Clarke, CBE (born 16 December 1917) is a British science-fiction author and inventor, most famous for his novel 2001: A Space Odyssey, and for collaborating with director Stanley Kubrick on the film of the same... James Benjamin Blish (East Orange, New Jersey, May 23, 1921 â€“ Henley-on-Thames, July 30, 1975) was an American author of fantasy and science fiction. ...

See also

Galilean moons of Jupiter Jupiters extensive system of natural satellites â€“ in particular the four large Galilean moons (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) â€“ has been a common science fiction setting. ... The inner satellites of Jupiter are four small moons that orbit close to Jupiter, merging with its planetary ring. ... This is a list of the named rings of Jupiter. ...

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Cooper, N.J.; Murray, C.D.; Porco, C.C.; Spitale, J.N. (2006). "Cassini ISS astrometric observations of the inner jovian satellites, Amalthea and Thebe". ICARUS 181: 223–234. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2005.11.007.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Calculated on the basis of other parameters
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Thomas, P.C.; Burns, J.A.; Rossier, L.; et.al. (1998). "The Small Inner Satellites of Jupiter". ICARUS 135: 360–371. doi:10.1006/icar.1998.5976.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Anderson, J.D.; Johnson, T.V.; Shubert, G.; et.al. (2005). "Amalthea’s Density Is Less Than That of Water". Science 308: 1291–1293. doi:10.1126/science.1110422.
^ ^a ^b ^c Simonelli, D.P.; Rossiery, L.; Thomas, P.C.; et.al. (2000). "Leading/Trailing Albedo Asymmetries of Thebe, Amalthea, and Metis". ICARUS 147: 353–365. doi:10.1006/icar.2000.6474.
^ Classic Satellites of the Solar System. Observatorio ARVAL. Retrieved on 2007-09-28.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Simonelli, D.P. (1982). "Amalthea: Implications of the temperature observed by Voyager". ICARUS 54: 524-538. doi:10.1016/0019-1035(83)90244-0.
^ ^a ^b ^c Barnard, E. E. (1892). "Discovery and Observation of a Fifth Satellite to Jupiter". Astronomical Journal 12: 81–85.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Burns, J. A.; D. P. Simonelli & M. R. Showalter et al. (2004), "Jupiter’s Ring-Moon System", in Bagenal, F.; Dowling, T. E.; McKinnon, W. B., Jupiter: The Planet, Satellites and Magnetosphere, Cambridge University Press, <http://www.astro.umd.edu/~hamilton/research/preprints/BurSimSho03.pdf>
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Calculated on the basis of known distances, sizes, periods and visual magnitudes as visible from the Earth. Visual magnitudes as seen from Jupiter m_j are calculated from visual magnitudes on Earth m_v using the formula m_j=m_v−log_2.512(I_j/I_v), where I_j and I_v are respective brightnesses (see visual magnitude), which scale according to the inverse square law. For visual magnitudes see http://www.oarval.org/ClasSaten.htm and Jupiter (planet).
^ IAUC 2846: Satellites of Jupiter 1975 October 7.
^ USGS Astrogeology Research Program, Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature.
^ Burns, J.A.; Showalter, M.R.; Hamilton, D.P.; et.al. (1999). "The Formation of Jupiter's Faint Rings". Science 284: 1146-1150. doi:10.1126/science.284.5417.1146.
^ Swiss Cheese Moon: Jovian Satellite Full of Holes, Space.com (9 December 2002.)
^ Takato, Naruhisa; Bus, Schelte J.; Tirada, Hiroshi; et.al. (2004). "Detection of a Deep 3-μm Absorption Feature in the Spectrum of Amalthea (JV)". Science 306: 2224-2227. doi:10.1126/science.1105427.
^ Another Find for Galileo, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 4 September 2003.
^ ^a ^b Calculated from the known sizes and distances of the bodies, using the formula 2*arcsin(R_b/R_o), where R_b is the radius of the body and R_o is the radius of Amalthea's orbit or distance from the Jovian surface to Amalthea.
^ Amalthea Nomenclature. US Geological Survey (2007).

A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 271st day of the year (272nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... The apparent magnitude (m) of a star, planet or other heavenly body is a measure of its apparent brightness; that is, the amount of light received from the object. ... Atmospheric characteristics Atmospheric pressure 70 kPa Hydrogen ~86% Helium ~14% Methane 0. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 280th day of the year (281st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ... is the 343rd day of the year (344th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...

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Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 99th day of the year (100th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... is the 343rd day of the year (344th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Categories: Temp category InfoboxPlanet-magnitude | Jupiter's moons Atmospheric pressure 0 kPa Adrastea (IPA: , ad-ra-stee-a, Greek Î‘Î´ÏÎ¬ÏƒÏ„ÎµÎ¹Î±) is the second of Jupiters known moons (counting outward from the planet). ... Atmospheric pressure 0 kPa Thebe (thee-bee, IPA ; Greek Î˜Î®Î²Î·) is the fourth of Jupiters known moons by distance from the planet. ... Jupiters outer moons and their highly inclined orbits. ... For other uses, see Jupiter (disambiguation). ... The inner satellites of Jupiter are four small moons that orbit close to Jupiter, merging with its planetary ring. ... Atmospheric pressure 0 kPa Metis (mee-tÉ™s, IPA: , Greek ÎœÎ®Ï„Î¹Ï‚), or Jupiter XVI, is the innermost member of the Jupiters small inner moons and thus Jupiters innermost moon. ... Atmospheric pressure 0 kPa Adrastea (IPA: , ad-ra-stee-a, Greek Î‘Î´ÏÎ¬ÏƒÏ„ÎµÎ¹Î±) is the second of Jupiters known moons (counting outward from the planet). ... Atmospheric pressure 0 kPa Thebe (thee-bee, IPA ; Greek Î˜Î®Î²Î·) is the fourth of Jupiters known moons by distance from the planet. ... Jupiters 4 Galilean moons, in a composite image comparing their sizes and the size of Jupiter (Great Red Spot visible). ... Atmosphere Surface pressure: trace Composition: 90% sulfur dioxide Io (eye-oe, IPA: , Greek á¿™ÏŽ) is the innermost of the four Galilean moons of Jupiter and, with a diameter of 3,642 kilometers, is the fourth largest moon in the Solar System. ... Apparent magnitude: 5. ... This article is about the natural satellite of Jupiter. ... There is also an asteroid named 204 Kallisto. ... Atmospheric pressure 0 kPa Themisto (thÉ™-mis-toe, IPA: ; Greek Î˜ÎµÎ¼Î¹ÏƒÏ„ÏŽ), or Jupiter XVIII, is a moon of Jupiter. ... The Himalia group is a dynamical grouping of Jupiters moons, which share similar orbits. ... Atmospheric pressure 0 kPa For the asteroid, see 38 Leda Leda (lee-dÉ™, IPA: ; Greek Î›Î®Î´Î±), or Jupiter XIII, is a prograde irregular satellite of Jupiter that was discovered by Charles T. Kowal at the Mount Palomar Observatory on September 14, 1974, right after three nights worth of photographic plates had... Atmospheric pressure 0 kPa Himalia (hye-mal-ee-a, also hi-mahl-ee-a, IPA , ; Greek â€˜Î™Î¼Î±Î»ÃÎ±) is a moon of Jupiter. ... Lysithea (lye-sith-ee-É™ or lÉ™-sith-ee-É™, IPA: ; Greek Î›Ï…ÏƒÎ¹Î¸ÎÎ±) is a prograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. ... Atmospheric pressure 0 kPa Elara (ee-lur-a or ee-lair-a, IPA or , Greek Î•Î»Î¬ÏÎ·) is a moon of Jupiter. ... S/2000 J 11 is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Carpo (IPA: , kar-poe, Greek ÎšÎ±ÏÏ€ÏŽ) (Jupiter XLVI) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... S/2003 J 12 is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... The Ananke group is made up of moons of Jupiter which share similar orbits. ... Atmospheric pressure 0 kPa Ananke (a-nang-kee, IPA ; Greek Î‘Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎ·) is one of Jupiters moons. ... Praxidike (IPA: , prak-sid-i-kee, Greek Î ÏÎ±Î¾Î¹Î´Î¯ÎºÎ·) (Jupiter XXVII) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Harpalyke (har-pal-É™-kee, IPA: ; Greek á¼‰ÏÏ€Î±Î»ÏÎºÎ·), or Jupiter XXII, is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. ... Iocaste (eye-É™-kas-tee, IPA: ; Greek Î™Î¿ÎºÎ¬ÏƒÏ„Î·), or Jupiter XXIV, is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. ... Euanthe (IPA: , ew-an-thee) (Jupiter XXXIII) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Thyone (IPA: , thye-oe-nee, Greek Î˜Ï…ÏŽÎ½Î·) (Jupiter XXIX) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Euporie (ew-por-ee-É™, IPA: ; Greek Î•Ï…Ï€Î¿ÏÎ¯Î±), or Jupiter XXXIV, is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... S/2003 J 3 is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... S/2003 J 18 is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Thelxinoe (IPA: , thel-zin-oe-ee, Greek Î˜ÎµÎ»Î¾Î¹Î½ÏŒÎ·) (Jupiter XLII) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Helike (IPA: , hel-i-kee, Greek â€˜Î•Î»Î¯ÎºÎ·) (Jupiter XLV) is a moon of Jupiter. ... Orthosie (IPA: , or-thoe-see-a) (Jupiter XXXV) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... S/2003 J 16 is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Hermippe (IPA: , hur-mip-ee) (Jupiter XXX) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Mneme (IPA: , nee-mee, Greek ÎœÎ½Î®Î¼Î·) (Jupiter XL) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... S/2003 J 15 is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... The Carme group is made up of moons of Jupiter which share similar orbits. ... S/2003 J 17 is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... S/2003 J 10 is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. ... Pasithee (IPA: , pa-sith-ee-a, Greek Î Î±ÏƒÎ¹Î¸ÎÎ·) (Jupiter XXXVIII) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Chaldene (IPA: , kal-dee-nee, Greek Î§Î±Î»Î´Î·Î½Î·?) (Jupiter XXI) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Arche (ar-kee, IPA: ; Greek Î‘ÏÏ‡Î·), or Jupiter XLIII, is a moon of Jupiter. ... Isonoe (IPA: , eye-son-oe-ee, Greek Î™ÏƒÎ¿Î½Î¿Î·) (Jupiter XXVI) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Erinome (err-in-É™-mee, IPA: ; Greek Î•ÏÎ¹Î½Î¿Î¼Î·), or Jupiter XXV, is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. ... Kale (kay-lee, IPA: ; Greek = ÎšÎ±Î»Î·), or Jupiter XXXVII, is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. ... Aitne (et-nee, IPA: ; Greek Î†Î¹Ï„Î½Î·), or Jupiter XXXI, is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. ... Taygete (IPA: , tay-ij-i-tee, Greek Î¤Î±Ï‹Î³ÎÏ„Î·) (Jupiter XX) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... S/2003 J 9 is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Atmospheric pressure 0 kPa Carme (IPA: , kar-mee, Greek ÎšÎ¬ÏÎ¼Î·) is one of Jupiters moons. ... S/2003 J 5 is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... S/2003 J 19 is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Kalyke (IPA: , kal-i-kee, Greek ÎšÎ±Î»ÏÎºÎ·) (Jupiter XXIII) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Eukelade (ew-kel-É™-dee, IPA: ; Greek Î•Ï…ÎºÎµÎ»Î±Î´Î·), or Jupiter XLVII, is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. ... Kallichore (kÉ™-lik-É™-ree, IPA: ; Greek ÎšÎ±Î»Î»Î¹Ï‡ÏŒÏÎ·), or Jupiter XLIV, is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... The PasiphaÃ« group is made up of moons of Jupiter which share similar orbits. ... Eurydome (ew-rid-É™-mee, IPA: ; Greek Î•Ï…ÏÎ¹Î´Î¿Î¼Î·), or Jupiter XXXII, is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... S/2003 J 23 is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Hegemone (hÉ™-jem-É™-nee, IPA: ; Greek á¼©Î³ÎµÎ¼ÏŒÎ½Î·), or Jupiter XXXIX, is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... PasiphaÃ« (IPA: , pa-sif-a-ee, Greek Î Î±ÏƒÎ¹Ï†Î¬Î·) is a moon of Jupiter. ... Sponde (spon-dee, IPA: ; Greek Î£Ï€Î¿Î½Î´Î®), or Jupiter XXXVI, is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Cyllene (IPA: , si-lee-nee, Greek ÎšÏ…Î»Î»Î®Î½Î·) (Jupiter XLVIII) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Megaclite (IPA: , meg-a-klye-tee, Latin MegaclÄ«tÄ“, from Greek) (Jupiter XIX) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... S/2003 J 4 is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Callirrhoe (IPA: , ka-leer-oe-ee, Greek ÎšÎ±Î»Î»Î¹ÏÏÏŒÎ·) (Jupiter XVII) is one of Jupiters outermost named natural satellites. ... Atmospheric pressure 0 kPa Sinope (IPA: , si-noe-pee, Greek Î£Î¹Î½ÏŽÏ€Î·) is a moon of Jupiter discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Lick Observatory in 1914, and is named after Sinope of Greek mythology. ... Autonoe (aw-ton-oe-ee, IPA , Greek Î‘Ï…Ï„Î¿Î½ÏŒÎ·) (Jupiter XXVIII) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Aoede (IPA: , ay-ee-dee, Greek Î‘Î¿Î¹Î´Î®) (Jupiter XLI) is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... Kore () is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... S/2003 J 2 is a natural satellite of Jupiter. ... This is a list of the named rings of Jupiter. ...

Encyclopedia > Amalthea (moon)

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