The American Crusade Against Lynching was an organization, created in 1946 and headed by Paul Robeson, dedicated to eliminating lynching in the United States. Many prominent intellectuals were members, including Albert Einstein.[1] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Crusade_Against_Lynching#endnote_einstein) The organization was labeled a "communist front" by the FBI, and members such as Einstein were branded as communist sympathizers. USPS Black Heritage stamp Paul LeRoy Bustill Robeson (April 9, 1898–January 23, 1976) was an American actor, athlete, singer, writer, and political and civil rights activist. ... Postcard depicting the lynching of Lige Daniels, Center, Texas, USA, August 3, 1920. ... Albert Einstein, by Yousuf Karsh Albert Einstein (March 14, 1879 – April 18, 1955) was a German theoretical physicist who is widely regarded as the greatest scientist of the 20th century. ... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a Federal police force which is the principal investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ...
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^ Fred Jerome, The Einstein File, St. Martin's Press, 2000; foia.fbi.gov/foiaindex/einstein.htm
Many African Americans began to abandon the term "Afro-American", which had become popular in the 1960s and '70s, for "African American," out of desire for an unabbreviated expression of their African heritage that could not be mistaken or derided as an allusion to the afro hairstyle.
African Americans have also obtained unprecedented access to higher education and employment in the post civil rights era, however, due in part to the legacy of slavery, racism and discrimination, African Americans as a group remain at a pronounced economic, educational and social disadvantage in many areas relative to whites.
The collective economic status of African Americans is a matter of intense debate, with statistics simultaneously suggesting the effects of both historical marginalization and progress for sections of the population in the United States, and the collective affluence of the group when compared to populations outside of the United States.
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