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Encyclopedia > American Nazi Party
This article is about the party formed in 1959 later renamed the National Socialist White People's Party. For the 1990s National Socialist White People's Party, see National Socialist White People's Party (Harold Covington). For Hitler's American Nazi Party, see German-American Bund.
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The American Nazi Party (ANP) was founded by retired U.S. Navy Commander George Lincoln Rockwell in 1959. Headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, Rockwell initially called it the World Union of Free Enterprise National Socialists (WUFENS), but Rockwell renamed it the American Nazi Party in 1960 to attract maximum media attention. The party was based largely upon the ideals and policies of Adolf Hitler's NSDAP in Germany during the Third Reich but claimed that it was in conformance with the Constitutional principles of the U.S.'s Founding Fathers. It also added a platform of Holocaust denial. The World Union of National Socialists was an organisation founded in 1962 as an umbrella group for neo-Nazi organisations across the globe. ... Juan Domingo Perón (October 8, 1895 – July 1, 1974) was an Argentine colonel and politician, elected three times as President of Argentina, serving from 1946 to 1955 and from 1973 to 1974. ... Georgios Papadopoulos (Greek: Γεώργιος Παπαδόπουλος, May 5, 1919 – June 27, 1999) was the head of the military coup détat that took place in Greece on April 21, 1967 and leader of the military government that ruled the country during the period 1967 - 1974. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Alparslan TürkeÅŸ (1917 in Nicosia, Cyprus - April 5, 1997 in Ankara, Turkey) was a Turkish extremist and politician. ... George Lincoln Rockwell (March 9, 1918 – August 25, 1967) was a United States Navy Commander and founder of the American Nazi Party. ... The Argentine Anticommunist Alliance (Spanish: , usually known as Triple A or AAA) was a far-right death squad active in Argentina during the mid-1970s, particularly active under Isabel Peróns rule (1974-1976). ... FSB symbol The Bolivian Socialist Falange (Spanish: Falange Socialista Boliviana) was a Bolivian party established in the year 1937. ... 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The New European Order (NEO) was a neo-fascist Europe-wide alliance set up in 1951 to promote Pan-European nationalism. ... International Third Position (ITP) was a United Kingdom group formed by the Italian Roberto Fiore and as a continuation of the Political Soldier movement that originated in the Third Positionist British National Front in the early 1980s. ... For other uses of Operation Condor, please see Operation Condor (disambiguation) Operation Condor (Spanish: Operación Cóndor, Portuguese: Operação Condor) was a campaign of political repressions involving assassination and intelligence operations officially implemented starting in 1975 by the right-wing dictatorships that dominated the Southern Cone in South... Georgios Papadopoulos (Greek: Γεώργιος Παπαδόπουλος, May 5, 1919 – June 27, 1999) was the head of the military coup détat that took place in Greece on April 21, 1967 and leader of the military government that ruled the country during the period 1967 - 1974. ... 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Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Fascist (epithet). ... The United States Navy (USN) is the branch of the United States armed forces responsible for naval operations. ... George Lincoln Rockwell (March 9, 1918 – August 25, 1967) was a United States Navy Commander and founder of the American Nazi Party. ... Arlington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia (which calls itself a commonwealth), directly across the Potomac River from Washington, DC. By an act of Congress July 9, 1846, the area south of the Potomac was returned to Virginia effective in 1847 As of 2000... This article is about the U.S. state. ...   (April 20, 1889 – April 30, 1945) was Chancellor of Germany from 1933, and Führer (leader) of Germany from 1934 until his death. ... The Nazi swastika The National Socialist German Workers Party (German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei), better known as the NSDAP or the Nazi Party was a political party that was led to power in Germany by Adolf Hitler in 1933. ... Nazi Germany, or the Third Reich, commonly refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the firm control of the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as dictator. ... Page I of the Constitution of the United States of America Page II of the United States Constitution Page III of the United States Constitution Page IV of the United States Constitution The Syng inkstand, with which the Constitution was signed The Constitution of the United States is the supreme... See also: Criticism of Holocaust denial Holocaust denial consists of claims that the genocide of Jews during World War II—usually referred to as the Holocaust1—did not occur at all, or that it did not happen in the manner or to the extent historically recognized. ...

Contents

Headquarters

The WUFENS headquarters was first located in a residence on Williamsburg Road in Arlington, but was later relocated as the ANP headquarters to a house at 928 North Randolph Street (now a hotel and office building site). Rockwell and some party members also established a "Stormtrooper Barracks" in a farmhouse in the Dominion Hills section of Arlington at what is now the Upton Hill Regional Park, the tallest hill in the county. After Rockwell's death, the headquarters was relocated again to one side of a duplex brick and concrete storefront at 2507 North Franklin Road which featured a swastika prominently mounted above the front door. This site was visible from busy Wilson Boulevard. Today the Franklin Road address is often misidentified as Rockwell's headquarters when in fact it was the successor organization's last physical address in Arlington (now a coffeehouse).[1]

Activities

The American Nazi Party published racist cartoon books portraying white men fighting and defending white school children allegedly oppressed by blacks. "Send Them Back to Africa" was a common theme. ANP members stood in the parking lots of local Junior High & High School parking lots handing out these cartoons to young students, Thomas Jefferson Junior High School (now Thomas Jefferson Middle School) in particular.[citation needed]

Name change to National Socialist White People's Party and Rockwell's assassination

After several years of living in impoverished conditions, Rockwell began to experience some financial success with paid speaking engagements at universities where he was invited to express his controversial views as exercises in free speech. This inspired him to end the rancorous "Phase One" party tactics and begin "Phase Two", a plan to recast the group as a legitimate political party by toning down the verbal and written attacks against non-whites, replacing the party rallying cry of "Sieg Heil!" with "White Power!", limiting public display of the swastika, and entering candidates in local elections. On January 1, 1967 Rockwell renamed the ANP to the National Socialist White People's Party (NWSPP), a move that alienated some hard-line members. Before he could fully implement party reforms, Rockwell was assassinated on August 25, 1967 by disgruntled follower, John Patler. Sieg Heil is a German phrase, which literally means Hail [to] Victory. ... White Power is a white nationalist political slogan, and a name for the associated ideology. ... This article is about the symbol. ... John Patler, formerly Yanacki Patsalos (born circa 1938), was the assassin of American Nazi Party leader George Lincoln Rockwell. ...

Assassination of George Lincoln Rockwell

An assassination attempt was made on Rockwell on June 28, 1967. As Rockwell returned from shopping, he drove into the party headquarters driveway on Wilson Boulevard and found it blocked by a felled tree and brush. Rockwell assumed that it was another prank by local teens. As a young boy cleared the obstruction, two shots were fired at Rockwell from behind one of the swastika-embossed brick driveway pillars. One of the shots ricocheted off the car, right next to his head. Leaping from the car, Rockwell pursued the would-be assassin. On June 30, Rockwell petitioned the Arlington County Circuit Court for a gun permit; no action was ever taken on his request.


On August 25, 1967, Rockwell was killed by John Patler, a former party member whom Rockwell had ejected from the party for allegedly trying to introduce Marxist doctrine into the party's platforms. While leaving the Econowash laundromat at the Dominion Hills Shopping Center in Arlington, Virginia, two bullets entered his car through his windshield, striking Rockwell in the head and chest. His car slowly rolled backwards to a stop and Rockwell staggered out of the front passenger side door of the car, and then collapsed on the pavement.[2] John Patler, formerly Yanacki Patsalos (born circa 1938), was the assassin of American Nazi Party leader George Lincoln Rockwell. ... Marxism is both the theory and the political practice (that is, the praxis) derived from the work of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. ...

Koehl succession and ideological divisions

Rockwell's deputy commander, Matt Koehl, a staunch Hitlerist, assumed the leadership role after a party council agreed that he should retain command. Koehl continued some of Rockwell’s reforms such as emphasizing the glories of a future all-white society but retained the pseudo-Nazi uniforms of the party's "Storm Troopers" who had been modeled on the NSDAP's Sturmabteilung, and the swastika-festooned party literature. In 1968 Koehl moved the party to a new headquarters at 2507 North Franklin Road, clearly visible from Arlington's main thoroughfare, Wilson Boulevard. He also established a printing press, a "George Lincoln Rockwell Memorial Book Store", and member living quarters on property nearby. Matt Koehl (full name Matthias Koehl Jr. ... Hitler redirects here. ... National Socialism redirects here. ... The Nazi swastika The National Socialist German Workers Party (German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei), better known as the NSDAP or the Nazi Party was a political party that was led to power in Germany by Adolf Hitler in 1933. ... The seal of SA The  , abbreviated SA, (German for Storm division or Storm section, usually translated as stormtroop(er)s), functioned as a paramilitary organization of the NSDAP — the German Nazi party. ... Arlington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia (which calls itself a commonwealth), directly across the Potomac River from Washington, DC. By an act of Congress July 9, 1846, the area south of the Potomac was returned to Virginia effective in 1847 As of 2000... George Lincoln Rockwell (March 9, 1918 – August 25, 1967) was a United States Navy Commander and founder of the American Nazi Party. ...


The party began to experience ideological division among its followers as it entered the 1970s. In 1970, member Frank Collin, broke away from the group and founded the National Socialist Party of America, which became famous due to an attempt to march through Skokie, Illinois, a community with a large Jewish population that included numerous survivors of the Holocaust. The event was dramatized in the television film Skokie and is mocked in the film The Blues Brothers. Collin, who was secretly an ethnic Jew, chose to lead demonstrations in Chicago's Marquette Park area and Skokie for a demonstration. In 1979 Collin was convicted of child molestation and his Jewish ethnicity revealed during subsequent investigations.[3] This article does not cite any references or sources. ... National Socialist Party of America leader Frank Collin (seated) announces the groups intention to march through Skokie, Illinois The National Socialist Party of America was an extremist Chicago based neo-Nazi organization founded in 1970 by Frank Collin shortly after he left the National Socialist White Peoples Party. ... For the film of the same name, see Skokie (Movie). ... The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ... Holocaust and Shoah redirect here. ... A television movie (also TV movie, TV-movie, made-for-TV movie, etc. ... Skokie is a 1981 television movie directed by Herbert Wise, based on the real life NSPA Controversy of Skokie, Illinois, which involved the National Socialist Party of America. ... The Blues Brothers is a 1980 musical comedy directed by John Landis and starring John Belushi and Dan Aykroyd as Joliet Jake and Elwood Blues, characters developed from a Saturday Night Live musical sketch. ... For other uses, see Jew (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Chicago (disambiguation). ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Skokie is a village located in Cook County, Illinois. ... The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ...


Other dissatisfied members of the NSWPP chose to support William Luther Pierce, eventually forming the National Alliance in 1974. William Luther Pierce III (September 11, 1933 – July 23, 2002) was the leader of the white separatist National Alliance organization, and a principal ideologue of the white nationalist movement. ... This article refers to the United States-based organization. ...


Further membership erosion occurred as Koehl, drawing heavily upon the teachings of Hitlerian mystic Savitri Devi, began to suggest that National Socialism was more akin to a religious movement than a political one. He espoused the belief that Hitler was the gift of an inscrutable divine providence sent to rescue the white race from decadence and gradual extinction caused by a declining birth rate and miscegenation. Hitler's death in 1945 was viewed as a type of martyrdom; a voluntary, Christ-like self-sacrifice, that looked forward to a spiritual resurrection of National Socialism at a later date when the Aryan race would need it the most. These esoteric beliefs led to disputes with the World Union of National Socialists, which Rockwell had founded and whose leader, Danish neo-Nazi Povl Riis-Knudsen, had been appointed by Koehl. Undaunted, Koehl continued to recast the party as a new religion in formation. Public rallies were gradually phased out in favor of low-key gatherings in private venues. On Labor Day 1979, in a highly unpopular move for some members, Koehl disbanded the party's paramilitary "Storm Troopers". The Koehl organization is now known as the New Order and operates so far from the public spotlight that few of today's neo-Nazis are aware of its existence or know that it is the linear descendant of Rockwell's original ANP. Hitler redirects here. ... Savitri Devi (September 30, 1905 - October 22, 1982) was a Franco-Greek woman who became enamored with Hinduism and National Socialism, linking the Aryan invasion theory to Adolf Hitler, and proclaiming him an avatar of the Hindu god Vishnu. ... The term National socialism has been used in self-description by a number of unrelated political movements. ... Manifestations Slavery Racial profiling Lynching Hate speech Hate crime Genocide (examples) Ethnocide Ethnic cleansing Pogrom Race war Religious persecution Blood libel Paternalism Police brutality Movements Policies Discriminatory Race / Religion / Sex segregation Apartheid Redlining Internment Ethnocracy Anti-discriminatory Emancipation Civil rights Desegregation Integration Equal opportunity Counter-discriminatory Affirmative action Racial quota... Aryan (/eÉ™rjÉ™n/ or /ɑːrjÉ™n/, Sanskrit: ) is a Sanskrit and Avestan word meaning noble/spiritual one. ... The World Union of National Socialists was an organisation founded in 1962 as an umbrella group for neo-Nazi organisations across the globe. ... The terms Neo-Nazism and Neo-Fascism refer to any social or political movement to revive Nazism or Fascism, respectively, and postdates the Second World War. ... Povl Heinrich Riis-Knudsen is a leading Danish Neo-Nazi. ... This article is about the holiday in the United States. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... New Order (National Socialist) is the neo-Nazi organization led by Matt Koehl, who took over the the organization until recently known as the American Nazi Party, newly renamed the National Socialist White Peoples Party, upon the assassination of George Lincoln Rockwell in 1967. ... The terms Neo-Nazism and Neo-Fascism refer to any social or political movement to revive Nazism or Fascism, respectively, and postdates the Second World War. ...

Namesake Organization

Today, the name "American Nazi Party" has been adopted by an organization headed by Rocky J. Suhayda. Headquartered in Westland, Michigan, this group claims George Lincoln Rockwell as their founder, but there is no actual connection to the original ANP or its successor organizations, apart from the fact that their website sells nostalgic reprints of Rockwell's 1960s-era magazine "The Stormtrooper". This article is about the U.S. State. ... George Lincoln Rockwell (March 9, 1918 – August 25, 1967) was a United States Navy Commander and founder of the American Nazi Party. ...

References

  1. ^ http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/02/05/AR2008020502676.html Washington Post - "It's Just Nazi Same Place" - Gene Weingarten
  2. ^ "American "Nazi" Shot Dead". BBC News. August 25, 1967. http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/25/newsid_3031000/3031928.stm. Retrieved 2009-08-07. 
  3. ^ “Hate Groups, Racial Tension and Ethnoviolence in an Integrating Chicago Neighborhood 1976-1988,” by Chip Berlet; in Betty A. Dobratz, Lisa K. Walder, and Timothy Buzzell, eds., Research in Political Sociology, Vol. 9: The Politics of Social Inequality, 2001, pp. 117–163.

External links

See also

This article is about the party formed in 1959 later renamed the National Socialist White Peoples Party. ... The terms Neo-Nazism and Neo-Fascism refer to any social or political movement to revive Nazism or Fascism, respectively, and postdates the Second World War. ... There have been a number of neo-Nazi groups in the United States. ... The German-American Bund was an American Nazi organization established in the 1930s. ... Neo-völkisch movements, as defined by the historian Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke, cover a wide variety of mutually influencing groups of a radically ethnocentric character which have emerged, especially in the English-speaking world, since World War II. These loose networks revive or imitate the völkisch movement of 19th...

  Results from FactBites:
 
American Nazi Party - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (864 words)
The American Nazi Party was a white extremist Neo-Nazi political party formed on March 8, 1959 by George Lincoln Rockwell.
The American Nazi Party moved out of the 6045 Wilson Boulevard office from the predominantly residential Dominion Hills neighborhood to 2507 North Franklin Road, Arlington, Virginia.
American Nazi Party has been launched and is largely regarded as extremist, even for a fascist organization.
  More results at FactBites »


 
 

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