Differences in pronunciation between American English (AmE) and British English (BrE) can be divided into: Look up pronunciation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... English language spread in the United States. ... Diagram showing the geographical locations of selected languages and dialects of the British Isles. ...

• differences in accent (i.e. phoneme inventory and realisation). Accents vary widely within AmE and within BrE, so the features considered here are mainly differences between General American (GAm) and British Received Pronunciation (RP); for information about other accents see regional accents of English speakers.
• differences in the pronunciation of individual words in the lexicon (i.e. phoneme distribution). Here, there is more consistency within the speech of the British Isles, Australia, and many Commonwealth countries on one side, and North American speech on the other. However, there are still variations: e.g. Australian English, which mostly follows BrE, uses the AmE pronunciation of vitamin. In this article, transcriptions use RP to represent BrE and GAm and to represent AmE.

In the following discussion In linguistics, an accent is a pronunciation characteristic of a particular group of people relative to another group. ... In human language, a phoneme is a set of phones (speech sounds or sign elements) that are cognitively equivalent. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Look up lexicon in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Australian English (AuE) is the form of the English language used in Australia. ... Retinol (Vitamin A) Vitamins are nutrients required in very small amounts for essential metabolic reactions in the body [1]. The term vitamin does not encompass other essential nutrients such as dietary minerals, essential fatty acids, or essential amino acids. ...

• superscript ^A2 after a word indicates the BrE pronunciation of the word is a common variant in AmE
• superscript ^B2 after a word indicates the AmE pronunciation of the word is a common variant in BrE

Accent

See also: Phonological history of the English language, sections After American/British split, up to the 20th century (c. AD 1725–1900) and After 1900.

• GAm is rhotic while RP is non-rhotic; that is, the letter r is only pronounced in RP when it is immediately followed by a vowel. Where GAm has [ɹ] before a consonant, RP either has nothing (if the preceding vowel is [ɔː] or [ɑː], as in bore and bar) or has a schwa instead (the resulting sequences are centring diphthongs or triphthongs). Similarly, where GAm has r-coloured vowels ([ɚ] or [ɝ], as in cupboard or bird), RP has plain vowels [ə] or [ɜː]. However many British accents, especially in Scotland and the West Country, are rhotic, and some American accents, such as the traditional Boston accent, are non-rhotic.

• The "intrusive R" of many RP speakers (in such sequences as "the idea-r-of it") is absent in GAm; this is a consequence of the rhotic/non-rhotic distinction.

• GAm has fewer vowel distinctions before intervocalic [ɹ] than RP; for many GAm speakers, unlike RP, merry, marry and Mary are homophones; mirror rhymes with nearer, and furry rhymes with hurry. However, some eastern American accents, such as the Boston accent, have the same distinctions as in RP.
• For some RP speakers (upper class), unlike in GAm, some or all of tire, tower, and tar are homophones; this reflects the merger of the relevant vowels; similarly the pour-poor merger is common in RP but not in GAm.
• RP has three open back vowels, where GAm has only two or even one. Most GAm speakers use the same vowel for RP "short O" [ɒ] as for RP "broad A" [ɑː] (the father-bother merger); many also use the same vowel for these as for RP [ɔː] (the cot-caught merger).
• For Americans without the cot-caught merger, the lot-cloth split results in [ɔː] in some words which now have [ɒ] in RP; as reflected in the eye dialect spelling "dawg" for dog.
• The trap-bath split has resulted in RP having "broad A" [ɑː] where GAm has "short A" [æ], in most words where A is followed by either [n] followed by another consonant, or [s], [f], or [θ] (e.g. plant, pass, laugh, path). However, many British accents, such as most Northern English accents, agree with GAm in having short A in these words, although it is usually phonetically [a] rather than [æ].
• RP has a marked degree of contrast of length between "short" and "long" vowels (The long vowels being the diphthongs, and [iː], [uː], [ɜː], [ɔː], [ɑː]). In GAm this contrast is much less evident, and the IPA length symbol (ː) is often omitted. American phoneticians often prefer the characterizations "tense"/"lax" or "checked"/"free" rather than "short"/"long".
• The "long O" vowel (as in boat) is realised differently: GAm pure [oː] or diphthongized [oʊ]; RP central first element[əʊ]. However there is considerable variation in this vowel on both sides of the Atlantic.
• The distinction between unstressed /ɪ/ and /ə/ (e.g. roses vs Rosa's) is often lost in GAm. In RP it is retained, in part because it helps avoid nonrhotic homophones; e.g. batted vs battered as ['bætɪd] vs ['bætəd]. It is, however, lost in Australian English, which is also non-rhotic.
• Where GAm has [iː] in an unstressed syllable at the end of a morpheme, conservative RP has [ɪ], not having undergone happY tensing. This distinction is retained in inflected forms (e.g. candied and candid are homophones in RP, but not in GAm).
• In GAm, flapping is common: when either a /t/ or a /d/ occurs between a sonorant phoneme and an unstressed vowel phoneme, it is realized as an alveolar-flap allophone [ɾ]. This sounds like a /d/ to RP speakers, although many GAm speakers distinguish the two phonemes by aspirating /t/ in this environment, especially after [ɪ] or [eɪ] (thus bitter and rated are distinguishable from bidder and raided), or by lengthening the vowel preceding an underlying /d/. [ɾ] is an allophone of /r/ in conservative RP, which is hence caricatured in America as a "veddy British" accent.
• Yod-dropping occurs in GAm after all alveolar consonants, including [t], [d], [θ], [s], [z], [n], [l]; i.e. historic [juː] (from spellings u, ue, eu, ew), is pronounced [uː] in a stressed syllable. In contrast, RP speakers:
  • always retain [j] after [n]: e.g. new is RP [njuː], GAm [nuː];
  • retain or coalesce it after [t], [d]: e.g. due is RP [djuː] or [dʒuː], GAm [duː];
  • retain or drop it after [θ], [l]: e.g. allude is RP [ə'ljuːd] or (as GAm) [ə'luːd].
  • retain, coalesce or drop it after [s], [z]: e.g. assume is RP [ə'sjuːm] or [ə'ʃuːm], or (as GAm) [ə'suːm];
    • In some words where [j] has been coalesced in GAm, it may be retained in RP: e.g. issue is RP ['ɪsjuː] or (as GAm) ['ɪʃuː]

Within each section, changes are in approximate chronological order. ... Within each section, changes are in approximate chronological order. ... Within each section, changes are in approximate chronological order. ... English pronunciation is divided into two main accent groups, the rhotic and the non-rhotic, depending on when the phoneme (the letter r, equivalent to Greek rho) is pronounced. ... Vowels Near-close Close-mid Mid Open-mid Near-open Open Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a rounded vowel. ... A centring diphthong is a diphthong that exists in non-rhotic accents. ... In phonetics, a triphthong is a monosyllabic vowel combination usually involving a quick, but smooth movement from one vowel to another that passes over a third one. ... In phonetics, an r-colored vowel or rhotacized vowel is a vowel either with the tip or blade of the tongue turned up during at least part of the articulation of the vowel (a retroflex articulation) or with the tip of the tongue down and the back of the tongue... Scottish English is usually taken to mean the standard form of the English language used in Scotland, often termed Scottish Standard English. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Boston accent is the English dialect not only of the city of Boston, Massachusetts itself, but more generally of all of eastern New England; some form of it can be heard commonly in an area stretching throughout Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, southern Maine, and eastern Connecticut. ... The linking R, also known as the intrusive R, is a phenomenon found in certain dialects of English, such as Estuary English and Eastern New England English, whereby an R sound is inserted to separate two words which would otherwise run together, rather than make use of a glottal stop. ... The English language has undergone a number of phonological changes before the historic phoneme . ... The Boston accent is the English dialect not only of the city of Boston, Massachusetts itself, but more generally of all of eastern New England; some form of it can be heard commonly in an area stretching throughout Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, southern Maine, and eastern Connecticut. ... The English language has undergone a number of phonological changes before the historic phoneme . ... The English language has undergone a number of phonological changes before the historic phoneme . ... An open vowel is a vowel sound of a type used in most spoken languages. ... A back vowel is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages. ... // Father-bother merger The father-bother merger is a merger of the Early Modern English vowels and that occurs in almost all varieties of North American English (exceptions are accents in Eastern New England (such as the Boston accent) and New York-New Jersey English. ... // Father-bother merger The father-bother merger is a merger of the Early Modern English vowels and that occurs in almost all varieties of North American English (exceptions are accents in Eastern New England (such as the Boston accent) and New York-New Jersey English. ... // Father-bother merger The father-bother merger is a merger of the Early Modern English vowels and that occurs in almost all varieties of North American English (exceptions are accents in Eastern New England (such as the Boston accent) and New York-New Jersey English. ... Eye dialect is a common name for the writers practice of using nonstandard (or incorrect) spellings to indicate nonstandard pronunciation in dialogue. ... // Trap-bath split The trap-bath split is a vowel split that occurs mainly in southern varieties of English English (including Received Pronunciation), in the Boston accent, and in the Southern Hemisphere accents (Australian English, New Zealand English, South African English), by which the Early Modern English phoneme was lengthened... English English is a term that has been applied to the English language as spoken in England. ... Tenseness is a term used in phonology to describe a particular vowel quality that is phonemically contrastive in many languages, including English. ... In English phonetics and phonology, checked vowels are those that usually must be followed by a consonant in a stressed syllable, while free vowels are those that may stand in a stressed open syllable with no following consonant. ... // Weak vowel merger The weak vowel merger (or Lennon-Lenin merger) is a phonemic merger of (schwa) with unstressed (sometimes written as ) in certain dialects of English. ... In morpheme-based morphology, a morpheme is the smallest lingual unit that carries a semantic interpretation. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Happy tensing is a variation in English pronunciation that occurs in most accents of English, where words like happy are pronounced instead of older . ... Homonyms (in Greek homoios = identical and onoma = name) are words which have the same form (orthographic/phonetic) but unrelated meaning. ... This page discusses a phonological phenomenon. ... In phonetics and phonology, a sonorant is a member of a class of speech sounds that are continuants produced without turbulent airflow in the vocal tract. ... In linguistics, stress is the relative emphasis given to certain syllables in a word. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... The alveolar tap/flap is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. ... In phonetics, an allophone is one of several similar phones that belong to the same phoneme. ... In phonology, the underlying representation or underlying form of a morpheme is the abstract form the morpheme is postulated to have before any phonological rules have applied to it. ... // H-cluster reductions The h-cluster reductions are various consonant reductions that have occurred in the history of English involving consonant clusters beginning with /h/ that have lost the /h/ in certain dialects. ... Alveolar consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the superior teeth. ... // H-cluster reductions The h-cluster reductions are various consonant reductions that have occurred in the history of English involving consonant clusters beginning with /h/ that have lost the /h/ in certain dialects. ...

Stress

French stress

For many loanwords from French where AmE has final-syllable stress, BrE stresses an earlier syllable. Such words include: A loanword (or loan word) is a word directly taken into one language from another with little or no translation. ...

• BrE first-syllable stress: adult^A2,B2, ballet^A2, baton, beret, bidet, blasé, brevet^A2, brochure^B2, buffet, café^A2, chagrin, chalet^A2, chauffeur^B2, chiffon, cliché, coupé, croissant, debris^B2, debut, décor, detail^A2, détente^B2, flambé, frappé, garage^B2, gateau, gourmet^A2, lamé, montage^A2, parquet, pastel, paté, précis, sachet, salon, soupçon, vaccine; matinée, negligée, nonchalant, nondescript; also some French names, including Bernard^B2, Calais, Degas, Dijon, Dumas, Francoise, Manet^A2, Maurice, Monet^A2, Pauline, Renault, René^B2, Renoir, Rimbaud, Delacroix^B2.
• BrE second-syllable stress: attaché, consommé, décolleté, déclassé, De Beauvoir, Debussy, démodé, denouement, distingué, Dubonnet, escargot, fiancé(e), retroussé

A few French words have other stress differences: Location within France The Burghers of Calais, by Rodin, with Calais Hotel de Ville behind J.M.W. Turner: Calais Pier Calais (Dutch: ) is a town in northern France, located at 50°57N 1°52E. It is in the département of Pas-de-Calais, of which it is a... Edgar Degas (July 19, 1834 - September 27, 1917) was a French painter and sculptor. ... Dijon ( ) is a city in eastern France, the préfecture (administrative capital) of the Côte-dOr département and of the Bourgogne région. ... The name Dumas can mean:- Frédéric Dumas, one of the first two diving companions of Jacques-Yves Cousteau. ... Édouard Manet (portrait by Nadar). ... Oscar-Claude Monet (November 14, 1840 - December 5, 1926), French impressionist painter. ... Renault S.A. is a French vehicle manufacturer producing cars, vans, buses, tractors, and trucks. ... The name Renoir refers to more than one person. ... Rimbaud can refer to: Arthur Rimbaud, 19th century poet and literary figure Penny Rimbaud, founder and drummer of the anarchist punk rock band Crass This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Eugène Delacroix (portrait by Nadar) Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix (April 26, 1798 - August 13, 1863) was an important painter from the French romantic period. ... Simone de Beauvoir (January 9, 1908 – April 14, 1986) was a French author and philosopher. ... Claude Debussy Claude Achille Debussy (August 22, 1862 – March 25, 1918), composer of impressionistic classical music. ... Dubonnet is an aperitif re-popularised in late 1970s by an advertising campaign starring Pia Zadora. ...

• AmE first-syllable, BrE last-syllable: address^A2 (postal), m(o)ustache^A2; cigarette^A2, limousine^B2, magazine^B2,
• AmE first-syllable, BrE second-syllable: exposé^B2, liaison^A2, macramé, Renaissance
• AmE second-syllable, BrE last-syllable: New Orleans

Cavandoli Macrame Macrame or macramé is a form of textile-making using knotting rather than weaving or knitting. ... Raphael was famous for depicting illustrious figures of the Classical past with the features of his Renaissance contemporaries. ... New Orleans is the largest city in the state of Louisiana, United States of America. ...

-ate and -atory

Most 2-syllable verbs ending -ate have first-syllable stress in AmE and second-syllable stress in BrE. This includes castrate, donate^A2, mandate^B2, prostrate, pulsate, rotate, serrate^B2, spectate, striated, translate^A2, vacate, vibrate; in the case of cremate, narrate, placate, the first vowel is in addition reduced to /ə/ in BrE. (Examples where AmE and BrE match include debate, elate, relate.) Derived nouns in -ator may retain the distinction, but those in -ation do not. Most longer -ate verbs are pronounced the same in AmE and BrE, but a few have first-syllable stress in BrE and second-syllable stress in AmE: elongate, infiltrate^A2, remonstrate, tergiversate. The ending -atory is similarly different: in BrE primary stress moves from the root word to the first syllable of the suffix, while in AmE the stress of the root is unchanged, with a secondary stress in the second syllable of the suffix. Thus, from regulate /'ɹɛgjʊleɪt/ comes regulatory with AmE /'ɹɛgjʊlɪˌtɔɹi/ and BrE /ˌɹɛgjʊ'leɪtəɹiː/. An exception to this is laboratory: AmE /'læbɹɪˌtɔɹi/ and BrE /lə'bɒɹət(ə)ɹiː/.

Miscellaneous stress

There are a number of cases where same-spelled noun, verb and/or adjective have uniform stress in one dialect but distinct stress in the other (e.g. alternate, prospect): see initial-stress-derived noun. Initial-stress-derivation is a phonological process in English, wherein verbs become nouns or adjectives when the stress is moved to the first syllable from a later one -- usually, but not always, the second. ...

The following table lists words where the only difference between AmE and BrE is in stress (possibly with a consequent reduction of the unstressed vowel). Words with other points of difference are listed in a later table.

SUEZ (Euronext: SZE, NYSE: SZE) is a leading French-based multinational corporation, with operations primarily in water, electricity and natural gas supply, and waste management. ... Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is an annual one-day holiday to give thanks (traditionally to God) for the things one has at the close of the harvest season. ... For the first Archbishop of Canterbury, see Saint Augustine of Canterbury. ... Japanese samurai in armor, 1860s. ... Reine, Lofoten, seen from top of Reinebringen (June, 2003). ... Parmesan cheese. ... Central Pyrenees. ... The arytenoid cartilages are a pair of small pyramid-shaped cartilages, at the upper rear of the larynx, to which the vocal cords are attached. ...

Adjective Stress

In almost all dialects of English, when an adjective precedes a noun, stress is placed either on the noun or on both words equally. However, in some select phrases in American English the stress is placed firmly on the adjective. Hence, American "POLAR bear" versus British "Polar BEAR," AmE "CROSS Dresser" vs. British "Cross DRESSER," etc.

Affixes

-ary -ery -ory -bury, -berry, -mony

Where the syllable preceding -ary,-ery or -ory is stressed, AmE and BrE alike pronounce all these endings /əɹi(ː)/. Where the preceding syllable is unstressed, however, AmE has a full vowel rather than schwa: /ɛɹi/ for -ary and -ery and /ɔɹi/ for -ory. BrE retains the reduced vowel /əɹiː/, or even elides it completely to /ɹiː/. (The elision is avoided in carefully enunciated speech, especially with endings -rary,-rery,-rory.) So military is AmE /'mɪlɪtɛɹiː/ and BrE /'mɪlɪtəɹiː/ or /'mɪlɪtɹiː/. In music, see elision (music). ...

Note that stress differences occur with ending -atory (explained above) and a few others like capillary (included above). A few words have the full vowel in AmE in the ending even though the preceding syllable is stressed: library, primary^A2, rosemary. Pronouncing library as /'laɪbɛɹi/ rather than /'laɪbɹɛɹi/ is highly stigmatized in AmE, whereas in BrE, /'laɪbɹiː/ is common in rapid or casual speech. Binomial name Rosmarinus officinalis L. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a woody, perennial herb with fragrant evergreen needle-like leaves. ...

Formerly the BrE-AmE distinction for adjectives carried over to corresponding adverbs ending -arily, -erily or -orily. However, nowadays most BrE speakers adopt the AmE practice of shifting the stress to the antepenultimate syllable: militarily is thus /ˌmɪlɪ'tɛɹɪliː/ rather than /'mɪlɪtɹɪliː/. --67. ...

The placename component -bury (e.g. Canterbury) has a similar difference after a stressed syllable: AmE /bɛɹi/ and BrE /bɹɪː/ or /bəɹɪː/. The ending -mony after a stressed syllable is AmE /moʊni/ but BrE /mənɪː/. The word -berry in compounds has a slightly different distinction: in BrE, it is reduced (/bəɹiː/ or /bɹiː/) after a stressed syllable, and may be full /bɛɹiː/ after an unstressed syllable; in AmE it is usually full in all cases. Thus, strawberry is BrE /'strɔːbəɹiː/ but AmE /'strɔbɛɹi/, while whortleberry is BrE /'wɔːtlbɛɹiː/ and similarly AmE /'wɔɹtlbɛɹi/. In geography and cartography, a toponym is a place name, a geographical name, a proper name of locality, region, or some other part of Earths surface or its natural or artificial feature. ... Statistics Population: 42,258 (2001) Ordnance Survey OS grid reference: TR145575 Administration District: City of Canterbury Shire county: Kent Region: South East England Constituent country: England Sovereign state: United Kingdom Other Ceremonial county: Kent Historic county: Kent Services Police force: Kent Police Ambulance service: South East Coast Post office and...

-ile

Words ending in unstressed -ile derived from Latin adjectives ending -ilis are mostly pronounced with a full vowel (/aɪl/) in BrE but a reduced vowel /ɪl/ or syllabic /l/ in AmE (e.g. fertile rhymes with fur tile in BrE but with turtle in AmE). This difference applies: Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ... A syllabic consonant is a consonant which constitutes either a syllable of its own, or is the nucleus of a syllable. ...

• generally to agile, docile, facile, fertile, fissile, fragile, futile, infertile, missile, nubile, octile, puerile, rutile, servile, stabile, sterile, tactile, tensile, virile, volatile;
• usually to ductile, hostile, (im)mobile (adjective), projectile, textile, utile, versatile;
• not usually to decile, domicile, infantile, juvenile, labile, mercantile, pensile, reptile, senile;
• not to crocodile, exile, gentile, percentile, reconcile; nor to compounds of monosyllables (e.g. turnstile from stile).

Related endings -ility, -ilize, -iliary are pronounced the same in AmE as BrE. The name Savile is pronounced with (/ɪl/) in both BrE and AmE. Mobile (sculpture), camomile and febrile are sometimes pronounced with /il/ in AmE and /aɪl/) in BrE. Imbecile has /aɪl/ or /iːl/ in BrE and often /ɪl/ in AmE. Savile is a surname, and may refer to: Dorothy Savile, Viscountess Halifax George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax George Savile Henry Savile Sir Henry Savile Jimmy Savile John Savile, 1st Baron Savile Steven Savile William Savile, 2nd Marquess of Halifax Baron Savile Savile Club Savile Row Saville Categories: | ... A simple modern mobile in the style of Alexander Calder A mobile is a type of kinetic sculpture constructed to take advantage of the principle of equilibrium. ... The name Chamomile or Camomile is ambiguous and can refer to several distinct species. ... Mental retardation (abbreviated as MR), is a term for a pattern of persistently slow learning of basic motor and language skills (milestones) during childhood, and a significantly below-normal intellectual capacity as an adult. ...

-ine

The suffix -ine, when unstressed, is pronounced sometimes /aɪn/ (e.g. feline), sometimes /i(ː)n/ (e.g. morphine) and sometimes /ɪn/ (e.g. medicine). Some words have variable pronunciation within BrE, or within AmE, or between BrE and AmE. Generally, AmE is more likely to favour /in/ or /ɪn/, and BrE to favour /aɪn/: e.g. adamantine^A2, carbine, crystalline^A2, labyrinthine, philistine, serpentine^A2, turbine^A2. However, sometimes AmE has /aɪn/ where BrE has /iːn/; e.g. iodine^B2, strychnine^A2.

Weak forms

Some function words have a weak form in AmE, with a reduced vowel used when the word is unstressed, but always use the full vowel in RP. These include: or [ɚ]; you [jə]; your [jɚ]. Function words are words that have little lexical meaning or have ambiguous meaning, but instead serve to express grammatical relationships with other words within a sentence, or specify the attitude or mood of the speaker. ... In the phonology of stress-timed languages, the weak form of a word is a form that may be used when the word has no stress, and which is phonemically distinct from the strong form used when the word is stressed. ...

On the other hand, the titles Saint and Sir before a person's name have "weak forms" in BrE but not AmE: before vowels, [snt] and [səɹ]; before consonants, [sn] and [sə]. A title is a prefix or suffix added to a persons name to signify either veneration, an official position or a professional or academic qualification. ... In traditional Christian iconography, Saints are usually depicted as having halos. ... A statue of an armoured knight of the Middle Ages For the chess piece, see knight (chess). ...

Miscellaneous pronunciation differences

These tables list words pronounced differently but spelled the same. See also the table of words with different pronunciation reflected in the spelling. American and British English spelling differences are one aspect of American and British English differences. ...

Single differences

Words with multiple points of difference of pronunciation are in the table after this one. Accent-based differences are ignored. For example, Moscow is RP /'mɒskəʊ/ and GAm /'mɑskaʊ/, but only the /əʊ/-/aʊ/ difference is highlighted here, since the /ɒ/-/ɑ/ difference is predictable from the accent. Also, tiara is listed with AmE /æ/; the marry-merry-Mary merger changes this vowel for many Americans. Some AmE types are listed as /ɒ/ where GAm merges to /ɑ/ . The English language has undergone a number of phonological changes before the historic phoneme . ...

Motto: none Anthem: Amar Shonar Bangla (My Golden Bengal) Capital (largest city) Dhaka Bengali (Bangla) Government Parliamentary republic  - President Iajuddin Ahmed  - Prime Minister  - Chief of Caretaker Govt. ... Nickname: La Sultana del Avila (English:The Avilas Sultan) La Sucursal del Cielo (English:Branch of Heaven) Motto: Ave María Santísima, sin pecado concebida, en el primer instante de su ser natural. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Italian wine. ... NASA Satellite photo of the Galápagos archipelago. ... GdaÅ„sk (IPA: ; German: , Kashubian: , Latin: ; older English Dantzig also other languages) is the sixth-largest city in Poland, and also its principal seaport and the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship. ... Three bottles of varietal grappa Grappa is a grape-based spirit of between 40% and 60% alcohol by volume (80 to 120 proof), of Italian origin. ... Gulag ( , Russian: ) is an acronym for Главное Управление Исправительно—Трудовых Лагерей и колоний, Glavnoye Upravleniye Ispravitelno-trudovykh Lagerey i kolonii, The Chief Directorate [or Administration] of Corrective Labour Camps and Colonies of the NKVD. Anne Applebaum, in her book Gulag: A History, explains: // Literally, the word GULAG is an acronym, meaning Glavnoe Upravlenie Lagerei, or Main Camp... Hanoi (Vietnamese: Hà Ná»™i)  , estimated population 3,083,800 (2004), is the capital of Vietnam. ... Jan Palach (August 11, 1948 - January 19, 1969) was a Czech student who committed suicide in political protest by self-immolation. ... Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804), was a German philosopher from Königsberg in East Prussia (now Kaliningrad, Russia). ... This article is about the city of Las Vegas in Nevada. ... Mombasa is the second largest city in Kenya, lying on the Indian Ocean. ... Nissan Motor Co. ... Young Pablo Picasso Pablo Picasso (October 25, 1881 – April 8, 1973) was a Spanish painter and sculptor. ... San Juan, the Spanish for Saint John, is a common toponym in parts of the world where Spanish is or was spoken: Argentina San Juan Province, Argentina San Juan, Argentina, the capital of that province Cuba San Juan Hill Dominican Republic San Juan Province, Dominican Republic San Juan de la... The Slovaks are a western Slavic ethnic group that primarily inhabits Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is closely related to the Czech language. ... Anthem: Sri Lanka Matha Capital Sri Jayawardenapura Largest city Colombo Sinhala Government Democratic Socialist Republic  - President Mahinda Rajapaksa  - Prime Minister Ratnasiri Wickremanayake Independence from the UK   - Granted February 4, 1948  Area  - Total 65,610 km² (122nd) 25,332 sq mi   - Water (%) 4. ... Unconfirmed portrait of Antonio Vivaldi [1]. Antonio Lucio Vivaldi (March 4, 1678, Venice – July 28 (or 27), 1741, Vienna), nicknamed Il Prete Rosso (The Red Priest), was a Venetian priest and baroque music composer, as well as a famous violinist. ... Yassir Arafat (Arabic: ) August 24 or August 4, 1929 – November 11, 2004), born in Cairo[1] to Palestinian parents Mohammed Abdel-Raouf Arafat al-Qudwa al-Husseini and also known by the kunya Abu `Ammar (أبو عمّار), was Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) (1969–2004); President[1] of the Palestinian... This article is about the breve breve in music, see double whole note. ... In mathematics, the catenary is the shape of a hanging flexible chain or cable when supported at its ends and acted upon by a uniform gravitational force (its own weight). ... Daedalus and Icarus, by Charles Paul Landon, 1799 (Musée des Beaux-Arts et de la Dentelle, Alençon) In Greek mythology, Daedalus (Latin, also Hellenized Latin Daedalos, Greek Daidalos cunning worker and Etruscan Taitle) was a most skillful artificer and was even said to have first invented images. ... Hephaestus, Greek god of forging, riding a Donkey; Greek drinking cup (skyphos) made in the 5th century B.C. Hephaestus (IPA pronunciation: ; Greek Hêphaistos) is the Greek god whose approximate Roman equivalent is Vulcan; he is the god of technology including, specifically blacksmiths, craftsmen, artisans, sculptors, metals and metallurgy... Oedipus with the Sphinx, from an Attic red-figure cylix from the Vatican Museum, ca. ... Pyrethrin I, R = CH3 Pyrethrin II, R = CO2CH3 The pyrethrins are a pair of natural organic compounds that have potent insecticidal activity. ... Aeroflot Airbus A319 at Berlin Aeroflot — Russian Airlines (Russian:Аэрофлот — Российские авиалинии), or Aeroflot (Аэрофло́т; literally air fleet), is the Russian national airline and the biggest carrier in Russia. ... Interpol (or International Criminal Police Organization) was created in 1923 to assist international criminal police co-operation. ... Downtown area of Lod Lod (Hebrew לוֹד; Arabic اَلْلُدّْ al-Ludd, Greco-Latin Lydda, Tiberian Hebrew לֹד Lōḏ) is a city in the Center District of Israel in Israel. ... This article is about the Jewish holiday of Rosh Hashanah. ... // Trap-bath split The trap-bath split is a vowel split that occurs mainly in southern varieties of English English (including Received Pronunciation), in the Boston accent, and in the Southern Hemisphere accents (Australian English, New Zealand English, South African English), by which the Early Modern English phoneme was lengthened... This is the current Indonesian Collaboration of the fortnight. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... The Rape of the Sabine Women by Giambologna The tribe of the Sabines (Latin Sabini) was an Italic tribe of ancient Italy. ... Aussie is a friendly slang for Australian. The correct pronunciation is O-zee, IPA: . Pronouncing the word with a voiceless s in place of the voiced z is strongly frowned upon by Australians, and is considered a canonically North American error, along with such errors as pronouncing the last syllables... For other uses, see Glasgow (disambiguation). ... Lombardy (Italian: Lombardia) is a region in northern Italy between the Alps and the Po river valley. ... In the phonology of stress-timed languages, the weak form of a word is a form that may be used when the word has no stress, and which is phonemically distinct from the strong form used when the word is stressed. ... Function words are words that have little lexical meaning or have ambiguous meaning, but instead serve to express grammatical relationships with other words within a sentence, or specify the attitude or mood of the speaker. ... In an alphabetic writing system, a silent letter is a letter that, in a particular word, does not correspond to any sound in the words pronunciation. ... A portion of Arthur Evans reconstruction of the Minoan palace at Knossos. ... Berkeley is the name of several places, all eventually deriving from Berkeley Castle in Berkeley, Gloucestershire, UK, from whom the noble family of Berkeley derive their name, and for which several vessels of the British Royal Navy have been christened HMS Berkeley Castle. Any of the holders of several titles... Berkshire (IPA: or  ; sometimes abbreviated to Berks) is a county in England and forms part of the South East England region. ... Derby (pronounced dar-bee ) is a city in the East Midlands of England. ... Hertford (Hartford or, in local pronunciation, /[h]ɑːʔֽfÉ™d/) is the county town of Hertfordshire, England, and is in the East Hertfordshire district of that county. ... Pleiades refers to: Pleiades (star cluster) an open cluster of stars in the constellation Taurus. ... In organic chemistry, butyl is a four-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula -C4H9. ... A chaise lounge (French long chair) is an upholstered couch in the shape of a chair that is long enough to support the legs. ... Betelgeuse (Alpha (α) Orionis) (also written Betelguese and Betelgeux) is a semiregular variable star located 427 light-years away [1]. It is the second brightest star in the constellation Orion, and the ninth brightest star in the night sky. ... Chartreuse may refer to: The Chartreuse Mountains north of Grenoble, France. ... In an alphabetic writing system, a silent letter is a letter that, in a particular word, does not correspond to any sound in the words pronunciation. ... Amos was a Biblical prophet (see Amos (prophet)) and putative author of the Book of Amos. ... Enoch (חֲנוֹךְ Initiated; dedicated; disciplined, Standard Hebrew Ḥanoḫ, Tiberian Hebrew Ḥănôḵ) can refer to Two names in the Generations of Adam Enoch, one of the names in the Generations of Adam, described as an ancestor of Noah, who walked with God, and was not, for God took him. ... World map showing the location of Asia. ... For other uses of this term see: Persia (disambiguation) The Persian Empire is the name used to refer to a number of historic dynasties that have ruled the country of Persia (Iran). ... Fuchsine Fuchsine, fuchsin, rosanilin, or rosaniline hydrochloride is a magenta dye with chemical formula C19H17N3·HCl. ... Nickname: Bayou City Location in the state of Texas Coordinates: Counties Harris County Fort Bend County Montgomery County Mayor Bill White Area    - City 1,558 km²  (601. ... Snooker is a cue sport that is played on a large (12 feet × 6 feet) baize-covered table with pockets in each of the four corners and in the middle of each of the long side cushions. ... A föhn wind or foehn wind occurs when a deep layer of prevailing wind is forced over a mountain range. ... August Ferdinand Möbius (November 17, 1790, Schulpforta, Saxony, Germany - September 26, 1868, Leipzig) was a German mathematician and theoretical astronomer. ... Anthem: Capital (and largest city) Managua Spanish (official) (English and indigenous languages on Caribbean coast) Government Republic  - President Enrique Bolaños Independence From Spain   - Declared September 15, 1821   - Recognized July 25, 1850  Area  - Total 129,494 km² (97th) 50,193 sq mi   - Water (%) 07. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Région ÃŽle-de-France Département Paris (75) Subdivisions 20 arrondissements Mayor Bertrand Delanoë  (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... Binomial name Ocimum basilicum L. Basil (Ocimum basilicum) of the Family Lamiaceae is also known as St. ... Isaiah the Prophet in Hebrew Scriptures was depicted on the Sistine Chapel ceiling by Michelangelo. ... Motto: Tanindrazana, Fahafahana, Fandrosoana  (Malagasy) Ancestral-land, Liberty, Progress Anthem: Ry Tanindraza nay malala ô Oh, Our Beloved Ancestral-land Capital Antananarivo latd=18 Largest city Antananarivo Malagasy, French[1] Government Republic  - President Marc Ravalomanana  - Prime Minister Jacques Sylla Independence from France   - Date 26 June 1960  Area  - Total 587,041 km... Official language(s) English[1] Capital Frankfort Largest city Louisville Area  Ranked 37th  - Total 40,444 sq mi (104,749 km²)  - Width 140 miles (225 km)  - Length 379 miles (610 km)  - % water 1. ... In the 16th and 17th centuries, the name of Huguenots came to apply to members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France, or historically as the French Calvinists. ... Location Position of Moscow in Europe Government Country District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Mayor Yuriy Luzhkov Geographical characteristics Area  - City 1,081 km² Population  - City (2005)    - Density 10,415,400   8537. ... // H-cluster reductions The h-cluster reductions are various consonant reductions that have occurred in the history of English involving consonant clusters beginning with /h/ that have lost the /h/ in certain dialects. ... Kümmel is a sweet, colorless liqueur flavored with caraway seed, cumin, and fennel. ... Several people in history have been known by the name Dionysius: Dionysius of Syracuse, a tyrant Dionysius the Elder, a Greek mythological figure Dionysius the Areopagite, a citizen of Corinth who was converted by Paul of Tarsus Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, identified by some with a Georgian theologist Peter the...

Multiple differences

The slashes normally used to enclose IPA phonemic transcriptions have been omitted from the following table to improve legibility. For information on how to read IPA transcriptions of English words see here. ...