The American Turkey Oak (Quercus laevis) is a member of the red oak group of oaks. It is native to the southeastern United States, occurring on the coastal plain from Delaware south to central Florida, and west to southeast Louisiana.
It is a small tree, sometimes shrubby, typically only 8-10m tall, though occasionally reaching 18m. The leaves are variable in size, mostly 10-17cm long but occasionally just 8cm or as much as 30cm long. They have 3-7 slender lobes, deeply incised between the lobes, each lobe with 1-3 bristle teeth at the tip. The acorns are about 2-2.5cm long, and, like other red oaks, take 18 months to mature.
The American Turkey Oak typically grows on poor, thin, dry, rocky or sandy soils where few other oaks other than Blackjack oak (Q. marilandica) can thrive. It does not have the beautiful crown form of many oaks, but is nonetheless a valuable tree for growing on infertile, dry, sandy sites. The deeply lobed leaves are also attractive. It commonly form an understory tree in Longleaf Pine and other pine stands on sandy knolls in the southeastern US.
American Turkey Oak trees
In North America, this species is commonly known as just Turkey Oak, but this invites confusion with the Turkish & southern European species Quercus cerris, Turkey Oak. The name of the American species derives from the acorns being a popular food of the Wild Turkey.
Oak was thus applied at a very early date; the shrine of Edward the Confessor, still existing in the abbey at Westminster, sound after the lapse of Boo years, is of dark-coloured oak-wood.
This oak abounds all over the Turkish peninsula, and forms a large portion of the vast forests that clothe the slopes of the Taurus ranges and the south shores of the Black Sea; it is likewise common in Italy and Sardinia, and occurs in the south of France and also in Hungary.
The live oak is one of the most valuable timber trees of the genus, the wood being extremely durable, both exposed to air and under water; heavy and closegrained, it is perhaps the best of the Americanoaks for shipbuilding, and is invaluable for water-wheels and mill-work.
Oaks are hardwood trees, the wood commonly used in furniture and flooring.
Of the North Americanoaks, the most prized of the red oak group for lumber, all of which is marketed as red oak regardless of the species of origin, is that of the northern red oak, Quercus rubra (a.k.a.
White oak is often used for the construction of barrels for aging wine.
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