Insert non-formatted text here:This article is about the wife of Xerxes. For the fictional country in the anime Fullmetal Alchemist, see Amestris (Fullmetal Alchemist). Fullmetal Alchemist ), commonly abbreviated FMA or Hagaren by fans, is a manga series created by Hiromu Arakawa and serialized in Monthly Shonen Gangan. ... Flag of Amestris Flag of Amestris military government Amestris is the nation-state that serves as the principal setting of the anime and manga series Fullmetal Alchemist. ...

Amestris or Amastris was the wife of King of Kings Xerxes I of Persia, mother of king Artaxerxes I of Persia. Among ancient Greek historians, her reputation is very bad. King of Kings or some literal parallel in various languages is a lofty title that has been used by several monarchies (usually empires in the informal sense of great powers) throughout history, and in many cases the literal title meaning King of Kings, i. ... A Griffin emblem, one of the symbols of the Persian Empire, from the palace of Persepolis Xerxes I (Persian: خشایارشاه, Khashayar Shah), was a Persian Emperor (Shahanshah) (reigned 485 - 465 BC) of the Achaemenid dynasty. ... Artaxerxes I was king of the Persian Empire from 464 BC to 424 BC. He belonged to the Achaemenid dynasty and was the successor of Xerxes I. His surname Longimanus is attributed to, according to Plutarch, his right hand being longer than his left. ... Ancient Greece is the period of Greek history spanning much of the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins and lasting for close to a millennium, until the rise of Christianity. ...

Amestris was the daughter of Otanes, one of the seven conspirators who killed the Persian rebel king Gaumâta (September 22, 522 BCE). After this, Darius I the Great of Persia started his reign. According to the Greek researcher Herodotus (5th century BC), Otanes was honored with a diplomatic marriage. The new king married Otanes' daughter Phaedymia, and Otanes married a sister of Darius, who gave birth to Amestris. The term Persian Empire refers to a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau. ... Smerdis (d. ... September 22 is the 265th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (266th in leap years). ... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC - 520s BC - 510s BC - 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC - 470s BC Events 529 BC - Cambyses II succeeds his father Cyrus as ruler of Persia. ... Darius I of Persia Darius the Great (ca. ... Bust of Herodotus at Naples Herodotus of Halicarnassus (Greek: , Herodotos) was a historian who lived in the 5th century BC (484 BC-ca. ... (6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC - other centuries) (2nd millennium BC - 1st millennium BC - 1st millennium AD) The 5th and 6th centuries BC are a period of philosophical brilliance among advanced civilizations. ...

When Darius died in 486 BC, Amestris was married to the crown prince, Xerxes and must have been in her thirties. Herodotus describes Queen consort Amestris as a cruel despot: Centuries: 6th century BCE - 5th century BCE - 4th century BCE Decades: 530s BCE 520s BCE 510s BCE 500s BCE 490s BCE - 480s BCE - 470s BCE 460s BCE 450s BCE 420s BCE 430s BCE Years: 491 BCE 490 BCE 489 BCE 488 BCE 487 BCE - 486 BCE - 485 BCE 484 BCE... King George V of the United Kingdom and his consort, Queen Mary A queen consort is the wife and consort of a reigning king. ... Despotism is government by a singular authority, either a single person or tightly knit group, which rules with absolute power. ...

I am informed that Amestris, the wife of Xerxes, when she had grown old, made return for her own life to the god who is said to be beneath the earth by burying twice seven children of Persians who were men of renown.

Herodotus, Histories 7.114.

It is not clear what lies behind this strange story. According to known records and accounts, human sacrifices were not permitted within the Persian religion. On the other hand, the subterranean god may be identical to Angra Mainyu, 'the hostile spirit', who was the eternal enemy of the supreme god Ahuramazda. Human sacrifice was practiced in many ancient cultures. ... For the Final Fantasy monsters of Ahriman, go to Ahriman (Final Fantasy) Angra Mainyu (Avestan) or Ahriman (Middle Persian اهريمن) is the Evil Spirit of the god Ahura Mazda in Zoroastrianism. ... Ahura Mazda (Persian هرمز (Hormoz) also transcripted as Ormazad, Ormuzd, Hormuz, Ormus, Ohrmizd) - The Wise Lord - is the god of the Zoroastrian religion in Persia. ...

According to an oriental fairy tale told by Herodotus, Amestris was a very jealous woman. When Xerxes returned from the Greco-Persian Wars, he fell in love with the wife of one of his sons Crown Prince Darius, Artaynte. In return for her favors, she demanded a special cloak that Amestris had made for Xerxes. When the queen saw her daughter-in-law parading in the royal dress, she knew what was going on, and she ordered Artaynte's mother to be mutilated. (Herodotus offers no convincing explanation.) Artayntes' father, Xerxes' brother Masistes, decided to revolt against his king and brother, but was not successful. The Greco-Persian Wars or Persian Wars were a series of conflicts between the Greek world and the Persian Empire that started about 500 BC and lasted until 448 BC. // Origins Persian Empire in 500 BC At the end of the 6th century BC, Darius the Great ruled over an... Crown Princess redirects here, for the ship, see Crown Princess (ship). ...

This strange story is probably only meant to show that Xerxes was a slave of his women, and therefore unfit to rule. It tells a lot about the Greek ideas about the effeminacy of the Persians, but it has no historical value. The Persians of Iran (officially named Persia by West until 1935 while still referred to as Persia by some) are an Iranian people who speak Persian (locally named Fârsi by native speakers) and often refer to themselves as ethnic Iranians as well. ...

Amestris remained influential after the death of her husband. During the reign of her son Artaxerxes I (465 -424 BC), another son, Achaemenes, was killed by Egyptian rebels. They and their Athenian allies were defeated by the general Megabyzus, who offered terms to the rebels to shorten the war. According to the Greek historian Ctesias (who is not known for his reliability but is our only source), Amestris was enraged because Megabyzus had not punished the murderers of her son. Initially, Artaxerxes did not allow her revenge, but after five years (c. 449 BC), he permitted her to crucify the Egyptian leader, Inarus, and kill several Athenian captives. Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 510s BC 500s BC 490s BC 480s BC 470s BC - 460s BC - 450s BC 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC Years: 470 BC 469 BC 468 BC 467 BC 466 BC - 465 BC - 464 BC 463 BC... Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 470s BC 460s BC 450s BC 440s BC 430s BC - 420s BC - 410s BC 400s BC 390s BC 380s BC 370s BC Years: 429 BC 428 BC 427 BC 426 BC 425 BC - 424 BC - 423 BC 422 BC... Megabyzus was a Persian general, son of Zopyrus, satrap of Babylon. ... Ctesias of Cnidus (in Caria) (Greek ), was a Greek physician and historian, who flourished in the 5th century BC. In early life he was physician to Artaxerxes Mnemon, whom he accompanied in 401 BC on his expedition against his brother Cyrus the Younger. ... Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 490s BC 480s BC 470s BC 460s BC 450s BC - 440s BC - 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC 400s BC 390s BC 454 BC 453 BC 452 BC 451 BC 450 BC 449 BC 448 BC 447 BC 446... Ienheru or Inarus, was the son of Psammetichus, presumably of the old Saite line. ... For other uses, see Athens (disambiguation). ...

Amestris may have died as late as 440 BC.to 441b.c Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 490s BC 480s BC 470s BC 460s BC 450s BC - 440s BC - 430s BC 420s BC 410s BC 400s BC 390s BC Years: 445 BC 444 BC 443 BC 442 BC 441 BC - 440 BC - 439 BC 438 BC...

Reference

• This entry incorporates public domain text originally by Jona Lendering ©.all d