Commodore Amiga 1000
Type	Personal computer
Released	24 July 1985
Discontinued	1987
Processor	Motorola 68000 @ 7.16 MHz 7.09 MHz (PAL)
Memory	256–512 KB (8 MB Maximum)
OS	Amiga OS 1.0

The A1000, or Commodore Amiga 1000, was Commodore's initial Amiga personal computer, introduced on July 24, 1985 at the Lincoln Center in New York City. Machines began shipping in September with a base configuration of 256KB of RAM at the retail price of US$1,295. A 13-inch analog RGB monitor was available for around US$300 bringing the price of a complete Amiga system to $1,595. Before the release of the Amiga 500 and A2000 models in 1987, the A1000 was simply called Amiga. Image File history File links Amiga1000. ... July 24 is the 205th day of the year (206th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A kilobyte (derived from the SI prefix kilo-, meaning 1000) is a unit of information or computer storage equal to the decimal 1024 bytes (2 to the 10th power, or 1,024 bytes based in the binary system). ... A megabyte is a unit of information or computer storage equal to exactly one million bytes. ... Commodore, the commonly used name for Commodore International, was an American electronics company based in West Chester, Pennsylvania which was a vital player in the home/personal computer field in the 1980s. ... The original Amiga 1000 (1985) with various peripherals The Amiga is a family of personal computers originally developed by Amiga Corporation. ... July 24 is the 205th day of the year (206th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Metropolitan Opera House at Lincoln Center. ... Nickname: Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1625 Government  - Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area  - City  468. ... Look up RAM, Ram, ram in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The RGB color model utilizes the additive model in which red, green, and blue light are combined in various ways to create other colors. ... Missing image A500 The A500, also known as the Amiga 500, was the first low-end Commodore Amiga 16_bit multimedia home/personal computer model. ... The A2000, also known as the Commodore Amiga 2000, was the high-end Amiga personal computer that was released in 1987 at the same time as the low-end high-volume model A500. ...

The A1000 had a number of characteristics that distinguished it from later Amigas: It was the only model to feature the short-lived Amiga "checkmark" logo on its case; the case was elevated slightly to give a storage area for the keyboard when not in use (a "keyboard garage"); and the inside of the case was engraved with the signatures of the Amiga designers, including Jay Miner and the paw print of his dog Mitchy. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Amiga Corporation. ...

Because AmigaOS was rather buggy at the time of the A1000's release, the OS was not placed in ROM. Instead, the A1000 included a daughterboard with 256 KB of RAM, dubbed the "Writable Control Store" (WCS), into which the core of the operating system was loaded from floppy disk (this portion of the operating system was known as the "Kickstart"). The WCS was write-protected after loading, and system resets did not require a reload of the WCS. In Europe the WCS was often referred to as WOM (Write Once Memory) as opposite to ROM (Read Only Memory). AmigaOS is the default native operating system of the Amiga personal computer. ... A computer bug is an error, flaw, mistake, failure, or fault in a computer program that prevents it from working as intended, or produces an incorrect result. ... A daughterboard or daughtercard is a circuit board meant to be an extension or daughter of a motherboard (or mainboard), or occasionally another card. ... A kilobyte (derived from the SI prefix kilo-, meaning 1000) is a unit of information or computer storage equal to the decimal 1024 bytes (2 to the 10th power, or 1,024 bytes based in the binary system). ...

Many A1000 owners remained attached to their machines long after newer models rendered the units technically obsolete, and it attracted numerous aftermarket upgrades. Many CPU upgrades that plugged into the Motorola 68000 socket functioned in the A1000. Additionally, a line of products called the Rejuvinator series allowed the use of newer chipsets in the A1000, and an Australian-designed replacement A1000 motherboard called The Phoenix utilized the same chipset as the A3000 and added an A2000-compatible video slot and onboard SCSI controller. The Motorola 68000 is a 32-bit CISC microprocessor from Motorola. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

In 1996 PC World rated the Amiga 1000 as the 7th greatest PC of all time [1]. In 2007 it was rated by the same magazine as the 37th best tech product of all time [2]. PC World is a global computer magazine published monthly by IDG. It offers advice on various aspects of PCs and related items, the Internet, and other personal-technology products and services. ...

Technical information

The Amiga 1000 had a 7.15909 MHz 68000 CPU (7.09 MHz for PAL machines). This is precisely double the 3.58 MHz NTSC color carrier frequency, and was needed by the Amiga chipset when outputting NTSC video. All frequencies in the Amiga 1000 are derived from this frequency as it simplified glue logic and allowed the Amiga 1000 to make do with a single cheap mass-produced crystal. Television encoding systems by nation PAL, short for Phase Alternating Line, is a colour encoding system used in broadcast television systems in large parts of the world. ... The references in this article would be clearer with a different and/or consistent style of citation, footnoting or external linking. ... A crystal oscillator is an electronic circuit that uses the mechanical resonance of a vibrating crystal of piezoelectric material to create an electrical signal with a very precise frequency. ...

Though most units were sold with an analog RGB monitor, the A1000 also had a built-in composite video output which allowed the computer to be connected directly to a TV or VCR. The RGB color model utilizes the additive model in which red, green, and blue light are combined in various ways to create other colors. ... Composite video is the format of an analog television (picture only) signal before it is combined with a sound signal and modulated onto an RF carrier. ... See TV (disambiguation) for other uses and Television (band) for the rock band European networks National In much of Europe television broadcasting has historically been state dominated, rather than commercially organised, although commercial stations have grown in number recently. ... The video cassette recorder (or VCR, less popularly video tape recorder) is a type of video tape recorder that uses removable cassettes containing magnetic tape to record audio and video from a television broadcast so it can be played back later. ...

It is possible to do a direct socket replacement of the standard 7 MHz 68000 CPU with a 68010 CPU. The 68010 executes instructions slightly faster than the 68000, but the conversion also introduces a small degree of software incompatibility. The Motorola MC68010 processor is a 16/32-bit microprocessor from Motorola, made in the early 1980s. ...

Technical specifications

Jay Miner's signature from the top cover of a Commodore Amiga 1000 computer. The paw print is that of Mitchy, Miner's dog.

• CPU: Motorola 68000 (7.16 MHz NTSC, 7.09 MHz PAL)
• Chipset: OCS (Original Chipset)
  • Audio (Paula):
    • 4 voices / 2 channels (Stereo)
    • 8-bit resolution / 6-bit volume
    • 28 kHz sampling rate
    • 70 dB S/N Ratio
  • Video (Common resolutions):
    • 320×200 with 32 colors or HAM-6
    • 320×400i with 32 colors or HAM-6
    • 640×200 with 16 colors
    • 640×400i with 16 colors
• Memory:
  • 8 KB ROM for bootstrap code.
  • 256 KB WOM for the OS loaded from kickstart.
  • 256 KB of Chip RAM by default, with an additional 256 KiB provided by a dedicated cartridge.
  • Practical upper limit of about 9 MiB of Fast RAM memory due to being limited to an 24-bit address bus.
    • This memory can not be utilized by the chipset, and is therefore faster.
• Removable Storage:
  • 3.5" DD Floppy drive, capacity 880 KiB
• Input/Output connections:
  • Composite TV out (PAL versions sold in Europe and Australia, NTSC elsewhere)
  • Analogue RGB video plug
  • RCA audio plugs, 300 Ohm impedance.
  • 2 × Game/Joy ports (used by the mouse)
  • Keyboard port
  • RS232 Serial port (DB25)
  • Centronics Parallel port (DB25)
  • Port for external floppy drive
  • One expansion port for add-ons (memory, SCSI adaptor, etc), electrically and physically identical to the Amiga 500 expansion port (though, inexplicably, the A500's port was upside-down relative to the port on the A1000)
    • Resources handled by AutoConfig.
• Software (Bundled):
  • AmigaOS 1.0/1.1/1.2 operating system, loaded from the Kickstart floppy disk at power-on.
  • Microsoft Amiga BASIC
  • Voice synthesis library

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1076x788, 391 KB) Summary Jay Miners signature and Mitchs paw print from the top cover of a revision A Commodore Amiga. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1076x788, 391 KB) Summary Jay Miners signature and Mitchs paw print from the top cover of a revision A Commodore Amiga. ... The Motorola 68000 is a 32-bit CISC microprocessor from Motorola. ... The Original Chip Set (OCS) was a chipset used in the earliest Commodore Amiga computers. ... The Original Chip Set (OCS) was a chipset used in the earliest Commodore Amiga computers. ... In computing, booting (booting up) is a bootstrapping process that starts operating systems when the user turns on a computer system. ... Chip RAM is the name given to RAM in the Amiga computer that could be accessed by the custom chipset as well as the CPU. The custom chipset was able to perform DMA transfers to and from this RAM, and would even lock-out the CPU while doing so. ... A mebibyte (a contraction of mega binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, abbreviated MiB. 1 MiB = 220 bytes = 1,048,576 bytes = 1,024 kibibytes 1 MiB = 1024 (= 210) kibibytes (KiB), and 1024 MiB equal one gibibyte (GiB). ... Chip RAM is the name given to RAM in the Amiga computer that could be accessed by the custom chipset as well as the CPU. The custom chipset was able to perform DMA transfers to and from this RAM, and would even lock-out the CPU while doing so. ... An address bus is (part of) a computer bus, used by CPUs or DMA-capable units for communicating the physical addresses of computer memory elements/locations that the requesting unit wants to access (read/write). ... A kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage, commonly abbreviated KiB (never kiB). 1 kibibyte = 210 bytes = 1,024 bytes The kibibyte is closely related to the kilobyte, which can be used either as a synonym for kibibyte or to refer to... For other uses, see Television (disambiguation). ... Television encoding systems by nation PAL, short for Phase Alternating Line, is a colour encoding system used in broadcast television systems in large parts of the world. ... The references in this article would be clearer with a different and/or consistent style of citation, footnoting or external linking. ... The D-subminiature or D-sub is a common type of electrical connector used particularly in computers. ... The D-subminiature or D-sub is a common type of electrical connector used particularly in computers. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Missing image A500 The A500, also known as the Amiga 500, was the first low-end Commodore Amiga 16_bit multimedia home/personal computer model. ... AutoConfig is a feature of Amiga computers which gives features similar to todays Plug and Play, although it was introduced in 1985 with the A1000, years before Windows 95. ... AmigaOS is the default native operating system of the Amiga personal computer. ... AmigaOS is the default native operating system of the Amiga personal computer. ... A floppy disk is a data storage device that is composed of a disk of thin, flexible (floppy) magnetic storage medium encased in a square or rectangular plastic shell. ...

The two versions of the A1000

There were two versions of the Amiga 1000. The first one was sold only in Canada and the United States, had a NTSC display and lacked the EHB video mode which all other models of the Amiga had. Later models of this version would have this video mode built in. The second one had a PAL display, the enhanced video modes (EHB) and was built in Germany. The references in this article would be clearer with a different and/or consistent style of citation, footnoting or external linking. ... The Amiga version of SimCity in halfbrite mode (with 64 colors). ... Television encoding systems by nation PAL, short for Phase Alternating Line, is a colour encoding system used in broadcast television systems in large parts of the world. ...

External links

• The Commodore Amiga A1000 at OLD-COMPUTERS.COM