Ammonium bicarbonate (also called bicarbonate of ammonia, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, hartshorn, or powdered baking ammonia) is the bicarbonate salt of ammonia. IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic way of naming organic chemical compounds. ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences and alloys. ... In physics, density is mass m per unit volume V. For the common case of a homogeneous substance, it is expressed as: where, in SI units: ρ (rho) is the density of the substance, measured in kg·m-3 m is the mass of the substance, measured in kg V is... Solubility refers to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent. ... This article describes water from a scientific and technical perspective. ... The melting point of a crystalline solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ... Sublimation of an element or substance is a conversion between the solid and the gas phases with no intermediate liquid stage. ... Image File history File links Ammonium_bicarbonate. ... For baking soda, see Sodium bicarbonate In inorganic chemistry, a bicarbonate (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogencarbonate) is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid. ... For other uses, see Salt (disambiguation). ... Ammonia is a compound with the formula NH3. ...

Ammonium bicarbonate is formed as shown above and also by passing carbon dioxide through a solution of the normal compound, when it is deposited as a white powder, which has no smell and is only slightly soluble in water. The aqueous solution of this salt liberates carbon dioxide on exposure to air or on heating, and becomes alkaline in reaction. The aqueous solutions of all the carbonates when boiled undergo decomposition with liberation of carbon dioxide and the substance with which the carbonate ion reacted to form the bicarbonate, in this case, ammonia: Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of one carbon and two oxygen atoms, and is in a gaseous state in the atmosphere of the Earth. ...

NH₄HCO₃ → NH₃ + H₂O + CO₂

Properties

At room temperature ammonium bicarbonate is a white, crystalline powder with a slight odour of ammonia that can dissolve in water to give a mildly alkaline solution. It is however insoluble in acetone and alcohols. Ammonium bicarbonate decomposes at 36 to 60 °C into ammonia, carbon dioxide and water vapor in an endothermic process (as it is with many ammonium salts) and so causes a drop in the temperature of the water. When reacted with acids carbon dioxide is produced, while reactions with alkalis give ammonia. Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... In chemistry, an alkali (from Arabic: al-qalyالقلوي, القالي ) is a basic, ionic salt of an alkali metal or alkali earth metal element. ... Dissolving table salt (NaCl) in water This article is about a chemical solution; for other uses of the term solution, see solution (disambiguation). ... The chemical compound acetone (also known as propanone, dimethyl ketone, 2-propanone, propan-2-one and β-ketopropane) is the simplest representative of the ketones. ... Functional group of an alcohol molecule. ... Ammonia is a compound with the formula NH3. ... Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of one carbon and two oxygen atoms, and is in a gaseous state in the atmosphere of the Earth. ... In thermodynamics, the word endothermic describes a process or reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat. ... Fumes from hydrochloric acid and ammonia forming a white cloud of ammonium chloride Ammonium is also an old name for the Siwa oasis in western Egypt. ... Acidity redirects here. ...

Uses

Ammonium bicarbonate was used in the food industry as a raising agent (e.g. for gingerbread or Chinese youtiao) before the introduction of baking soda. Ammonium Bicarbonate is still used in many food products,in addition to baking soda. Many baking cookbooks (especially from Scandinavian countries) may still refer to it as hartshorn. It is fine to replace it with baking soda.^[1] A leavening agent (sometimes called just leavening or leaven) is a substance used in doughs and batters that causes a foaming action. ... Gingerbread A gingerbread house A gingerbread house Gingerbread is a sweet that can take the form of a cake or a cookie in which the predominant flavor is ginger. ... Pieces of Youtiao Youtiao (Traditional Chinese: , Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: Yóutiáo; literally oil strip), sometimes called fried bread stick, is a long, golden-brown, deep fried strip of dough in Chinese cuisine and is usually eaten for breakfast. ... Sodium bicarbonate is the chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3. ...

It is commonly used as an inexpensive nitrogen fertilizer in China, but is now being phased out in favor of urea because of its relatively low quality and instability. This compound is used as a component in the production of fire-extinguishing compounds, pharmaceuticals, dyes, pigments and it is also a basic fertilizer being a source of ammonia. Ammonium bicarbonate is still widely used in the plastic and rubber industry, in the manufacture of ceramics, in chrome leather tanning and for the synthesis of catalysts. Spreading manure, an organic fertilizer Fertilizers (British English fertilisers) are compounds given to plants to promote growth; they are usually applied either via the soil, for uptake by plant roots, or by foliar feeding, for uptake through leaves. ... Urea is an organic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, with the formula CON2H4 or (NH2)2CO. Urea is also known as carbamide, especially in the recommended International Nonproprietary Names (rINN) in use in Europe. ... Look up dye in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Fixed Partial Denture, or Bridge The word ceramic is derived from the Greek word κεραμικός (keramikos). ... Tanned leather in Marrakech This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... In chemistry and biology, catalysis is the acceleration (increase in rate) of a chemical reaction by means of a substance, called a catalyst, that is itself not consumed by the overall reaction. ...

Safety

Ammonium bicarbonate is an irritant to the skin, eyes and respiratory system. Additionally, the acrylamide that is formed during the baking process has been connected to cancer in lab animals. The word irritant may refer to: Something that causes irritation, often a chemical substance. ... In zootomy and dermatology, skin is the largest organ of the integumentary system made up of multiple layers of epithelial tissues that guard underlying muscles and organs. ... A human eye. ... The Respiratory System Among four-legged animals, the respiratory system generally includes tubes, such as the bronchi, used to carry air to the lungs, where gas exchange takes place. ...

Notes

1. ^ What is harsthorn?. Retrieved on 2007-03-19.

Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... March 19 is the 78th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (79th in leap years). ...

External links