Ammonium hydroxide(NH₄OH), also known as ammonia water, aqua ammonia, or aqueous ammonia, is a solution of ammonia in water. Technically, the use of the term "ammonium hydroxide" is incorrect because such a chemical compound is not isolatable. However, this term does give a fair description of how an ammonia solution behaves, and is commonly used even by scientists and engineers. For other uses, see Ammonia (disambiguation). ...

Chemistry

In aqueous solution, ammonia deprotonates some small fraction of the water to give ammonium and hydroxide according to the following equilibrium: A ball-and-stick model of the ammonium cation Ammonium is also an old name for the Siwa Oasis in western Egypt. ... Hydroxide is a polyatomic ion consisting of oxygen and hydrogen: OH− It has a charge of −1. ... A burette, an apparatus for carrying out acid-base titration, is an important part of equilibrium chemistry. ...

NH₃ + H₂O NH₄⁺ + OH⁻

With a base ionization constant (K_b) of 1.8×10⁻⁵, in a 1M ammonia solution about 0.42% of the ammonia will gain protons to become ammonium ions (equivalent to a pH of 11.63). For other uses, see Ammonia (disambiguation). ... A ball-and-stick model of the ammonium cation Ammonium is also an old name for the Siwa Oasis in western Egypt. ...

Aqueous ammonia is used in traditional qualitative inorganic analysis. Like many amines, it gives a deep blue coloration with copper(II) solutions. Ammonia solution can dissolve silver residues, such as that formed from Tollens' reagent. Ball-and-stick model of the diamminesilver(I) cation, [Ag(NH3)2]+ Tollens reagent is usually ammoniacal silver nitrate, but can also be other things, as long as there is an aqueous diamminesilver(I) complex. ...

Solutions of ammonium can also dissolve reactive metals such as aluminum and zinc, with the liberation of hydrogen gas. When ammonium hydroxide is mixed with dilute hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a metal ion, such as Cu²⁺, the peroxide will undergo rapid decomposition. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a very pale blue liquid which appears colorless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscous than water. ...

See also

• Common chemicals
• Conjugate acid

Wikibooks has a book on the topic of Transwiki:Common chemicals Bold textItalic text== References == The Golden Book of Chemistry Experiments Category: ... Within the Brønsted-Lowry (protonic) theory of acids and bases, a conjugate acid is the acid member, HX, of a pair of two compounds that transform into each other by gain or loss of a proton. ...

External links

• Ammonium hydroxide physical properties