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Encyclopedia > Ammonium sulfate
Ammonium sulfate
Systematic name Ammonium sulphate
Other names ammonium sulphate (2:1);
diammonium sulfate;
sulfuric acid diammonium salt;
mascagnite;
Actamaster;
Dolamin
Identifiers
CAS number [7783-20-2]
Properties
Molecular formula (NH4)2SO4
Molar mass 132.14 g/mol
Appearance Fine white hygroscopic granules or crystals.
Density 1.77 g/cm³ @ 50 °C (122 °F)
Melting point

235-280 °C, 508-553 K, 455-536 °F (decomposes) IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. ... Mascagnite is the name given to native ammonium sulfate. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ... A hygroscopic substance is a substance that absorbs water readily from its surroundings. ... In physics, Density is defined as mass m per unit volume V. Mathematically, it is expressed as where, in SI units: ρ (rho) is the density of the substance, measured in kg m-3 m is the mass of the substance, measured in kg v is the volume of the substance... The melting point of a crystalline solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ...

Solubility in water 70.6g/100ml (0°C) and
103.8g/100ml (100°C)[1]
Critical relative humidity 79.2% at 30°C
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state
(at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

Infobox disclaimer and references

Ammonium sulphate, [NH4]2[SO4] contains 21% nitrogen as ammonia and 24% sulfur as sulfate. Solubility refers to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent. ... Impact of a drop of water. ... The critical relative humidity (CRH) of a salt is defined as the relative humidity of the surrounding atmosphere (at a certain temperature) at which the material begins to absorb moisture from the atmosphere and below which it will not absorb atmospheric moisture. ... In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals) and 25 degrees Celsius (298. ...

Contents

Properties

Ammonium sulphate is not soluble in alcohol or liquid ammonia, but is highly hygroscopic and spontaneously absorbs water from the air at relative humidity > 81%. A ball-and-stick model of the ammonium cation Fumes from hydrochloric acid and ammonia forming a white cloud of ammonium chloride Ammonium is also an old name for the Siwa Oasis in western Egypt. ... Sulfate is the IUPAC name for the SO42- ion, consisting of a central sulfur atom single bonded to four tetrahedrally oriented oxygen atoms. ... Functional group of an alcohol molecule. ... Ammonia is a compound with the formula NH3. ... A hygroscopic substance is a substance that absorbs water readily from its surroundings. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ...


Synthesis

Ammonium sulphate is prepared commercially by reacting ammonia with sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Ammonium sulfate is prepared commercially from the ammoniacal liquor of gas-works and is purified by recrystallisation. It forms large rhombic prisms, has a somewhat saline taste and is easily soluble in water. The aqueous solution on boiling loses some ammonia and forms an acid sulfate. Sulfuric acid (British English: sulphuric acid), H2SO4, is a strong mineral acid. ... For the water carbonator, see Gasogene. ... This shape is a Rhombus In geometry, a rhombus (also known as a rhomb) is a parallelogram in which all of the sides are of equal length. ... Ammonia is a compound with the formula NH3. ...


Uses

It is used largely as an artificial fertilizer for alkaline soils. In the soil the sulfate ion is released and forms sulfuric acid, lowering the pH balance of the soil (as does other sulfate compounds such as aluminium sulfate), while contributing essential nitrogen for plant growth. Sulfuric acid (British English: sulphuric acid), H2SO4, is a strong mineral acid. ... The correct title of this article is . ... Loess field in Germany For the Alternative Metal band, see SOiL. Soil, comprising the pedosphere, is positioned at the interface of the lithosphere with the atmosphere, and hydrosphere. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless gas Atomic mass 14. ...


It is also used as an agricultural spray adjuvant for water soluble insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides. There it functions to bind iron and calcium cations that are present in both well water and plant cells. It is particularly effective as an adjuvant for 2,4-D (amine), glyphosate, and glufosinate herbicides.


It is also used in the preparation of other ammonium salts.


In biochemistry ammonium sulfate precipitation is a common method for concentrating proteins. Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes and transformations in living organisms. ... Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation is a method of protein purification by solubility. ... A representation of the 3D structure of myoglobin, showing coloured alpha helices. ...


References

  1. ^ Handbook of Chemistry and Physics

Further reading

  • Properties: UNIDO and International Fertilizer Development Center (1998), Fertilizer Manual, Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN 0-7923-5032-4.

External links

  • Links to external chemical sources

  Results from FactBites:
 
Ammonium sulfate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (276 words)
Ammonium sulfate, (NH, sometimes known as Mohrs Salt, is a chemical compound commonly used as a fertilizer.
Ammonium sulfate is quite acidic and will lower the pH balance of the soil as well as other sulfate compounds such as aluminium sulfate.
Ammonium sulfate is prepared commercially from the ammoniacal liquor of gas-works and is purified by recrystallization.
Ammonium sulfide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (235 words)
Ammonium sulfide, (NH S, is obtained, in the form of micaceous crystals, by passing hydrogen sulfide mixed with a slight excess of ammonia through a well-cooled vessel; the hydrosulfide NH ·HS is formed at the same time.
The common "stink bomb" consists of a solution of ammonium sulfide in water, sealed inside a glass ampoule.
When the glass is broken, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gases, both of which have a powerful unpleasant smell, are released from the solution.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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