In the Tanakh or Old Testament, Amraphel was a king of Shinar (Babylonia, broadly speaking) in Genesis xiv.1 and 9), who invaded the west along with Chedorlaomer, king of Elam, and others, and destroyed Sodom.
Ever since E. Schrader (Cuneiform Inscriptions and the Old Testament, vol II (1888), pp 299ff) the king is usually associated with Hammurabi, who ruled in Babylon from 1792 BC until his death in 1750 BC. However some scholars dispute this identification.
In the Midrash and the later Rabbinical literature, Amraphel was identified with Nimrod.
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