Aníbal Cavaco Silva

Order:	11th Prime Minister of Portugal (since the Carnation Revolution)
Term of Office	November 6, 1985 - October 28, 1995
Predecessor:	Mário Soares
Successor:	António Guterres
Date of Birth	July 15, 1939
Place of Birth:	Boliqueime
Occupation:	Economist
Political Party:	Social Democratic

Aníbal António Cavaco Silva (born at Boliqueime in Loulé municipality in the Algarve region, on July 15, 1939) was Prime Minister of Portugal from November 6, 1985 to October 28, 1995. His tenure of ten years was the longest of any democratically elected Prime Minister in Portuguese history, and he was the first Portuguese Prime Minister to have won an absolute parliamentary majority, a feat which he achieved twice. Aníbal Cavaco Silva, Prime Minister of Portugal (1985-1995) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Prime Ministers of the Constitutional Monarchy (1834-1910) First Republic Military Dictatorship Estado Novo Third Republic See also: List of Presidents of Portugal, Politics of Portugal, Lists of incumbents This article contains content from HierarchyPedia article Prime Minister of Portugal, used here under the GNU Free Documentation License. ... The Carnation Revolution ( Portuguese, Revolução dos Cravos) was a bloodless left-leaning revolution started on April 25, 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, that effectively changed the Portuguese regime from an authoritarian dictatorship to a liberal democracy at the end of a two-year process of a communist dominated military administration. ... November 6 is the 310th day of the year (311th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 55 days remaining. ... 1985 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 28 is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 64 days remaining. ... 1995 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares (born December 7, 1924), Portuguese politician, was born in Lisbon, and graduated in history, philosophy and law from the University of Lisbon. ... July 15 is the 196th day (197th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 169 days remaining. ... 1939 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... An economist is someone who studies Economics. ... Political parties in Portugal lists political parties in Portugal. ... The Social Democratic Party (Portuguese: Partido Social Democrata) is a political party in Portugal. ... The Algarve is the name of the southern coast of Portugal, incorporating, amongst others, the towns of Faro, Lagos, and Sagres. ... July 15 is the 196th day (197th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 169 days remaining. ... 1939 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Prime Ministers of the Constitutional Monarchy (1834-1910) First Republic Military Dictatorship Estado Novo Third Republic See also: List of Presidents of Portugal, Politics of Portugal, Lists of incumbents This article contains content from HierarchyPedia article Prime Minister of Portugal, used here under the GNU Free Documentation License. ... The Republic of Portugal (Portuguese: República Portuguesa) is a democratic republic located on the west and southwest parts of the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe, the westernmost country in continental Europe. ... November 6 is the 310th day of the year (311th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 55 days remaining. ... 1985 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... October 28 is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 64 days remaining. ... 1995 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

With his background as a professor of economics and a doctorate from the University of York, Cavaco Silva was appointed Minister of Finance by Prime Minister Francisco Sá Carneiro in 1980. He gained a reputation as an economic liberalizer, gradually dismantling regulations inhibiting free enterprise. He refused to serve in the Center Bloc coalition of Socialists and Social Democrats (PSD) that governed from 1983 to 1985, and his election to the leadership of the PSD on 2 June 1985, portended the end of the coalition. This article is about the British university. ... Prime Ministers of the Constitutional Monarchy (1834-1910) First Republic Military Dictatorship Estado Novo Third Republic See also: List of Presidents of Portugal, Politics of Portugal, Lists of incumbents This article contains content from HierarchyPedia article Prime Minister of Portugal, used here under the GNU Free Documentation License. ... Francisco Manuel Lumbrales de Sá Carneiro ( Oporto July 19, 1934 - Camarate December 4, 1980), was Prime Minister of Portugal for eleven months in 1980. ... 1980 is a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... The Socialist Party (Portuguese: Partido Socialista) is a political party of Portugal. ... The Social Democratic Party (Portuguese: Partido Social Democrata) is a political party in Portugal. ... 1983 is an integer and composite number that represents a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1985 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... June 2 is the 153rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (154th in leap years), with 212 days remaining. ... 1985 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The election that followed was complicated by the arrival of a new political party, the Party for Democratic Renewal (PRD) formed by the supporters of the President, António Ramalho Eanes. In the 250-member Assembly of the Republic, the nation's legislature, the PRD won 45 seats - at the expense of every party except Cavaco Silva's PSD. Despite winning less than 30 percent of the vote and 88 seats, the PSD was the only traditional political party not to suffer substantial losses; its 88 seats, in fact, represented a gain of 13 over the previous election. Cavaco Silva became Prime Minister on 6 November 1985. Categories: Lists of office-holders | Portugal | Presidents of Portugal ... The Assembly of the Republic is the Portuguese parliament; its building in Lisbon is referred to as Pal cio de S o Bento. ... November 6 is the 310th day of the year (311th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 55 days remaining. ... 1985 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Tax cuts and economic deregulation spurred several years of uninterrupted economic growth, which increased Cavaco Silva's popularity. He was inhibited, however, by a parliament controlled by the opposition. On most issues, his Social Democrats could rely on the 22 votes of the Social and Democratic Center Party (CDS), but the two parties' combined 110 votes fell 16 short of a parliamentary majority. The Socialists and Communists held 57 and 38 seats respectively; Cavaco Silva could govern if the 45 members of the PRD, who held the balance of power, abstained, as they frequently did. In 1987, however, the PRD withdrew its tacit support, and a parliamentary vote of no confidence forced president Mário Soares to call an early election. The Partido Popular (known in English as the Peoples Party) is a Portuguese political party. ... The Socialist Party (Portuguese: Partido Socialista) is a political party of Portugal. ... PCPs official symbol, featuring the hammer and sickle and the Portuguese national colors, red and green. ... 1987 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Mário Alberto Nobre Lopes Soares (born December 7, 1924), Portuguese politician, was born in Lisbon, and graduated in history, philosophy and law from the University of Lisbon. ...

In a result which stunned even the most optimistic of their supporters, Cavaco Silva's Social Democrats captured 50.2 percent of the popular vote, and 148 of the 250 seats in the Assembly of the Republic. Far behind were the Socialists, with only 60 seats, and the Communists, with 31. The CDS and the PRD were virtually wiped out, left with only 4 and 7 seats, respectively. This was the first time in Portuguese history that a single party had won an outright parliamentary majority.

The 1991 election was another triumph for Cavaco Silva, which yielded a majority almost as large as the one he had won four years earlier. Continuing unemployment, however, eroded his popularity. He decided not to contest the 1995 election, and the PSD, lacking a leader of his stature, lost 48 seats and the election. Cavaco Silva contested the 1996 Presidential election, but was defeated by Jorge Sampaio. Retiring from politics, he served for several years as an advisor to the board of the Banco de Portugal (Bank of Portugal), but retired from this position in 2004. Currently he is a full Professor at the School of Economics and Management of the Catholic University of Portugal, where he teaches the undergraduate and MBA programs. 1991 is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1995 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1996 is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Categories: Lists of office-holders | Portugal | Presidents of Portugal ... Jorge Fernando Branco de Sampaio is the current Portuguese President of the Republic, elected for a second term in January 14, 2001. ... 2004 is a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

He declined to support Pedro Santana Lopes in the Portuguese Parliament election, 2005, despite pressures inside his party, and he is currently believed to be contemplating a possible comeback as a candidate for the Presidency in 2006. Pedro Miguel de Santana Lopes (born June 29, 1956) is a Portuguese politician, and has been Prime Minister of Portugal since July 17, 2004. ... The Portuguese Parliament election took place on February 20, 2005. ... 2006 is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Biography

Cavaco Silva, Autobiografia politica, vol I and II.