The Anahim hotspot is a hotspot which is partly responsible for the volcanic activity which forms the volcanoes in central British Columbia, Canada. In geology, a hotspot is a location on the Earths surface that has experienced active volcanism for a long period of time. ... For other uses, see Volcano (disambiguation). ... Motto: Splendor Sine Occasu (Latin: Splendour without diminishment) Official languages English Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Lieutenant-Governor Iona Campagnolo Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Parliamentary representation  - House seats  - Senate seats 36 6 Area Total  - Land  - Water  (% of total)  Ranked 5th 944,735 km² 925,186 km² 19,549 km...

Evidence

The Anahim hotspot has produced a belt of volcanoes called the Anahim Volcanic Belt, which stretches from the west coast of British Columbia, to the Interior Plateau near Quesnel. The volcanoes generally get younger as you go from the coast to the Interior. A volcanic belt is a district of volcanoes, located in a certain area. ... The Anahim Volcanic Belt is a range of volcanoes in British Columbia, stretching from just north of Vancouver Island to near Quesnel, British Columbia. ... The Interior Plateau comprises a large region of central British Columbia, and lies between the Cariboo and Monashee Mountains on the east, and the Hazelton Mountains, Coast Mountains and Cascade Range on the west. ... Quesnel is a city in the Cariboo District of British Columbia, Canada. ...

Nature of the hotspot

The plume, of which the Anahim hotspot is thought to be the surface expression, is thought to be similar to the hotspot that feeds the volcanoes of the Hawaiian Islands. It has been erupting basaltic magma to form the basaltic volcanoes within the Anahim Volcanic Belt and is believed to have been active for over 23 million years. During the early to middle Miocene, the Coast Mountains were favored thermally-driven uplift arising from the Miocene passage of the Anahim hotspot beneath the range, and responce to convergence in late Miocene-Pliocene time. Each of the volcanoes in the Anahim Volcanic Belt was once over the hotspot, and migration of the North American Plate over the hotspot pulled the volcanoes away from the hotspot's magmatic source. As a result, the volcanoes are progressively older to the west. The supply and composition of magma to the volcanoes changes with time as the volcanoes grow over the hotspot and migrate away. A lava lamp illustrates the basic concept of a mantle plume. ... Map of the Hawaiian Islands, a chain of islands that stretches 2,400 km in a northwesterly direction from the southern tip of the Island of Hawai‘i. ... Basalt Basalt (IPA: ) is a common gray to black volcanic rock. ... Magma is molten rock located beneath the surface of the Earth (or any other terrestrial planet), and which often collects in a magma chamber. ... The Miocene Epoch is a period of time that extends from about 23. ... The Coast Mountains are the westernmost range of the Pacific Cordillera, running along the south western shore of the North American continent, extending south from the Alaska Panhandle and covering most of coastal British Columbia. ... The Pliocene epoch (spelled Pleiocene in some older texts) is the period in the geologic timescale that extends from 5. ...  The North American plate, shown in brown The North American Plate is a tectonic plate covering most of North America, extending eastward to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and westward to the Cherskiy Range in East Siberia. ...

The origin of the Anahim hotspot plume magmas is the Earth's deep mantle, in contrast to the mid-ocean ridge magmas that come from the shallow mantle. Analysis of the chemical composition of the lavas gives important clues about the source and dynamics of the hotspot plume. The hotspot has fed special kinds of low-viscosity magmas to form the broad shield volcanoes, sush as the Ilgachuz Range, Itcha Range and the Rainbow Range. Adjectives: Terrestrial, Terran, Telluric, Tellurian, Earthly Atmosphere Surface pressure: 101. ... Earth cutaway from core to exosphere. ... A mid-ocean ridge or mid-oceanic ridge is an underwater mountain range, formed by plate tectonics. ... Analytical chemistry is the analysis of material samples to gain an understanding of their chemical composition and structure. ... The Rainbow Range is on the western edge of the Chilcotin Plateau, adjoining the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains to the south, and the Kitimat Ranges of the Coast Mountains to the north. ...

The Anahim hotspot was last active about 7200 years ago, at a small tree-covered cinder cone, known as Nazko Cone. The cycle of the eruption at Nazko Cone, started with an eruption of two different progressions of runney lava flows and an older, grey basalt overlain by a younger, darker black basaltic lava flow. The passive eruptions were followed by a period of explosive eruptions. This explosive activity built three overlying cinder cones that broke by the two lava flows near the end of the explosive phase of activity. The last phase of explosive activity spread tephra to the north and east of the cones. The deepest deposits near the cones is (>3 m) and thin to less than a few centimetres only a few kilometres away, which suggests that the explosive eruptions at Nazko Cone were fairly small. However, the last eruption from Nazko Cone could have started forest fires, since there is charcoal inside the tephra layer. For other uses, see Tree (disambiguation). ... Puʻu ʻŌʻō, a cinder-and-spatter cone on Kīlauea, Hawaiʻi Volcanic cones are among the simplest volcano formations in the world. ... Nazko Cone is the easternmost cinder cone in the Anahim Volcanic Belt in central British Columbia. ... Look up lava, Aa, pahoehoe in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... An explosive eruption is a volcanic term to describe a violent, explosive type of eruption. ... Bitterroot National Forest wildfire A wildfire, also known as a wildland fire, forest fire, vegetation fire, grass fire, brush fire, peat fire (gambut in Indonesia), bushfire (in Australasia), or hill fire, is an uncontrolled fire often occurring in wildland areas, but which can also consume houses or agricultural resources. ... Charcoal is the blackish residue consisting of impure carbon obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances. ... Tephra refers to air-fall material produced by a volcanic eruption regardless of composition or fragment size. ...

See also

• Plate tectonics
• List of volcanoes in Canada
• Anahim Volcanic Belt
• Volcanoes of Canada

Bridge across the Álfagjá rift valley in southwest Iceland, the boundary of the Eurasian and North American continental tectonic plates. ... // Main article: List of terrestrial volcanoes Western Canada is commonly thought to occupy a gap in the Pacific Ring of Fire, although that is not actually true, British Columbia and the Yukon Territory is home of more than 100 separate volcanic centers that have been active during the Quaternary, sush... The Anahim Volcanic Belt is a range of volcanoes in British Columbia, stretching from just north of Vancouver Island to near Quesnel, British Columbia. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

External links

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