Anand Panyarachun (born August 9, 1932) was Thailand's Prime Minister twice, between 1991-1992 and once again in 1992. He was instrumental in initiating economic and democratic reforms, one of which was the drafting of Thailand's current constitution. Anand received a Ramon Magsaysay Award for Government Service in 1997. The following is a list of Prime Ministers of Thailand: Phraya Manopakorn Nititada, (1932-1933) General Phraya Phahol Pholphayuhasena, (1933-1938) Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram, (1938-1944) Major Khuang Abhaiwongse, (1944-1945) Tawee Boonyaket, (1945) Seni Pramoj, (1945) Major Khuang Abhaiwongse, (1946) Luang Praditmanutham, (1946) Rear Admiral Thawal Thamrong Navaswadhi... is the 61st day of the year (62nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 161st day of the year (162nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 265th day of the year (266th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... General Chatichai Choonhavan (5 April 1920—6 May 1998) was the Prime Minister of Thailand from 1988–1991. ... Suchinda Kraprayoon was Prime Minister of Thailand from 7 April 1992 until 24 May 1992. ... Suchinda Kraprayoon was Prime Minister of Thailand from 7 April 1992 until 24 May 1992. ... Chuan Leekpai on the cover of Asiaweek magazine Chuan Leekpai (Thai: , Chinese: ; pinyin: Lǚ Jīwén; born July 28, 1938 in Trang) was the Prime Minister of Thailand from September 23, 1992 to May 24, 1995 and again from November 9, 1997 to February 9, 2001. ... is the 221st day of the year (222nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1932 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 221st day of the year (222nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will display full 1932 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A prime minister is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... The Ramon Magsaysay Award was established in April 1957 by the trustees of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund (RBF) based in New York City. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ...

Education and career in civil service and business

The youngest child of twelve children^[1] in a rich Hokkien^[2] Chinese-Mon family^[3][4], Anand attended Dulwich College and later read law at Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating with honours in 1955. Hoklo (Chinese: 福佬人; Pinyin: Fúlǎo Rén; POJ: Ho̍h-ló-lâng/Hō-ló-lâng) primarily refers to the largest of the four subethnic and ethnic groups in Taiwan. ... The Mon (Burmese: ) are an ethnic group in Southeast Asia. ... Full name The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity Motto Virtus vera nobilitas Virtue is true Nobility Named after The Holy Trinity Previous names King’s Hall and Michaelhouse (until merged in 1546) Established 1546 Sister College(s) Christ Church Master The Lord Rees of Ludlow Location Trinity Street... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ...

After spending 23 years in the Thai foreign service, Anand retired and joined the private sector. He became the Vice-Chairman of the Saha-Union Group in 1979 and the Chairman of the Board of Directors in 1991. He became a Director of Siam Commercial Bank in 1984 and remains a Director to the present day (2006).^[5]

Prime Minister of Thailand

Anand was appointed Prime Minister in 1991 after a military coup led by General Suchinda Kraprayoon and the so-called National Peacekeeping Council toppled the democratically-elected government of Chatichai Choonhavan. Key accomplishments of Anand's government include Suchinda Kraprayoon was Prime Minister of Thailand from 7 April 1992 until 24 May 1992. ... The National Peace Keeping Council (NPKC, Thai: คณะรักษาความสงบเรียบร้อยแห่งชาติ) was a Thai military junta that overthrew the the civilian elected government of Chatichai Choonhavan in 1991. ... General Chatichai Choonhavan (5 April 1920—6 May 1998) was the Prime Minister of Thailand from 1988–1991. ...

• The establishment of the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA)
• A highly effective anti-AIDS/HIV policy.^[6]
• Electricity market reform, including the introduction of Independent Power Producers (IPPs) and the initiation of a 10 year liberalization and privatization plan for EGAT. Many have noted that Saha-Union Group, which Anand chaired, won a major bid to build a large coal fired power plant while Anand was in power.^[7]
• Award of a multi-billion baht concession to Telecom Asia (today known as True) to build and operate two million telephone lines in Bangkok.^[8] It was noted by many that General Suchinda, the coup-leader who installed Anand as Prime Minister, was appointed Chairman of Telecomm Asia after he was toppled from power.^[9]
• Suspension of the Hopewell rail-train airport link project.^[10]

Anand was succeeded by General Suchinda, who was appointed by Parliament after general elections. The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) is a state enterprise that owns and manages the majority of Thailands electricity generation capacity, as well as the nations transmission network. ... When someone sincerely agrees with an assertion, they might claim that it is the truth. ... Hopewell is the name of several places in the United States of America: Hopewell, New Jersey Hopewell, Ohio Hopewell, Virginia Hopewell Township, New Jersey Town of Hopewell, Ontario County, New York Hopewell Township, Pennsylvania as well as the name of an ancient Native American civilization, the Hopewell culture. ...

Anand was appointed Prime Minister a second time in 10 June 1992 after Suchinda's government collapsed in less than two months after a violent military crackdown on massive popular protests. Anand was succeeded by democratically-elected Chuan Leekpai later in 1992. is the 161st day of the year (162nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Chuan Leekpai on the cover of Asiaweek magazine Chuan Leekpai (Thai: , Chinese: ; pinyin: Lǚ Jīwén; born July 28, 1938 in Trang) was the Prime Minister of Thailand from September 23, 1992 to May 24, 1995 and again from November 9, 1997 to February 9, 2001. ...

Post-political career

Anand rejoined the Saha-Union Group as Chairman after the general elections of 1992. He resigned from Saha-Union Group in 2002.

Constitution Drafting Assembly

In 1996, Anand was elected as a member of the Constitution Drafting Assembly and was appointed Chairman of the Drafting Committee. He oversaw the drafting of what became known as the "Peoples' Constitution" of 1997. This much lauded constitution was revoked in 2006 after a military coup. The People's Constitution instituted several important reforms,^[11][12][13] including:

• Decentralization of government, including the establishment of elected Tambol Administrative Organizations (TAOs) and Provincial Administrative Organizations (PAOs). School administration was also decentralized, although opposition from teachers has delayed implementation of this reform (see Thaksin Shinawatra#Education policies)
• Establishment of several independent government agencies, including the Election Commission, the Office of the Auditor-General, and the National Human Rights Commission
• Stipulating that candidates for parliament must have a Bachelor's degree
• Mechanisms to increase political stability by favoring large parties over small ones, and hence singular governments over coalition governments

“Thaksin” redirects here. ...

National Reconciliation Commission

From March 2005, Anand served as chairman of the National Reconciliation Commission, tasked with overseeing that peace is brought back to the troubled south. A fierce critic of the Thaksin-government, Anand frequently criticized the handling of the southern unrest, and in particular the State of Emergency Decree. He has been quoted to have said, "The authorities have worked inefficiently. They have arrested innocent people instead of the real culprits, leading to mistrust among locals. So, giving them broader power may lead to increased violence and eventually a real crisis." Unfortunately, the situation to deteriorated from 2005 to 2006, with escalating violence, especially among teachers and civilians. Despite much criticism of the Thaksin-government's policies, Anand refused to submit the NRC's final report, choosing instead to wait for the results of the 2006 legislative election.^[14] Combatants  Thailand Mujahideen Pattani Movement (BNP) Pattani United Liberation Organization (PULO) Pattani Islamic Mujahideen Movement (GMIP) Mujahideen Islamic Pattani Group National Revolution Front (BRN) Pattani Liberation National Front (BNPP) Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) Commanders Bunrot Somthat Surayud Chulanont Wan Kadir Wan Che Casualties More than 3,000 killed 2,729 civilian... “Thaksin” redirects here. ...

Anand finally submitted the NRC's recommendations on 5 June 2006.^[15] Among them were

• Introducing Islamic law
• Making ethnic Pattani-Malay (Yawi) as a working language in the region
• Establishing an unarmed peacekeeping force
• Establishing a Peaceful Strategic Administrative Centre for Southern Border Provinces

The Thaksin government vowed to implement the recommendations. However, the recommendations were vigorously opposed by Prem Tinsulanonda, the President of King Bhumibol Adulyadej's Privy Council, who stated "We cannot accept that [proposal] as we are Thai. The country is Thai and the language is Thai... We have to be proud to be Thai and have the Thai language as the sole national language".^[16] This article is about Islamic religious law. ... Yawi is the transcription of the Thai word ยาวี, which Thai people understand to be the Patani Malay language (or Bahasa Melayu Patani in Malay). ... General Prem Tinsulanonda (Thai: , born August 26, 1920) is a former Thai military officer and was Prime Minister of Thailand from March 3, 1980 to Aug 4, 1988. ... Bhumibol Adulyadej (Thai: ; IPA: ; Royal Institute: Phumiphon Adunyadet;  ) (born Saturday,December 5, 1927 in the Year of the Rabbit), is the current King of Thailand. ...

Other positions

Anand is a member of the Trilateral Commission and the International Advisory Board of American International Group (AIG). Anand is a member of the Carlyle Group and sits on the Carlyle Group's advisory board for Asia-Pacific.^[17] The Trilateral Commission is a private organization, founded in July 1973, at the initiative of David Rockefeller; who was Chairman of the Council on Foreign Relations at that time and the Commission is widely seen as a counterpart to the Council on Foreign Relations. ... American International Group, Inc. ... The Carlyle Group is a Washington, D.C. based global private equity investment firm with more than $71. ... The Carlyle Group is a Washington, D.C. based global private equity investment firm with more than $71. ...

Member of the Club of Madrid[5]. ^[18] The Club of Madrid is an independent organization created for the purpose of promoting democracy and change in the global community. ...

See also

• List of Prime Ministers of Thailand
• Constitution of Thailand

The following is a list of Prime Ministers of Thailand: Phraya Manopakorn Nititada, (1932-1933) General Phraya Phahol Pholphayuhasena, (1933-1938) Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram, (1938-1944) Major Khuang Abhaiwongse, (1944-1945) Tawee Boonyaket, (1945) Seni Pramoj, (1945) Major Khuang Abhaiwongse, (1946) Luang Praditmanutham, (1946) Rear Admiral Thawal Thamrong Navaswadhi... Bangkoks Democracy Monument: a representation of the 1932 Constitution sits on top of two golden offering bowls above a turret. ...

References

Chris Baker is a Thailand-based writer. ... Pasuk Phongpaichit is a Thai economist, a Professor at Chulalongkorn University, and the author of several books on corruption in Thailand. ...

External links

• Anand Panyarachun's website
• Biography of Anand Panyarachun (United Nations)
• Profile of Khun Anand Panyarachun (Asean News Network)

v • d • e Prime Ministers of Thailand
Phraya Manopakorn Nititada · Phot Phahonyothin† · Plaek Pibulsonggram† · Khuang Abhaiwongse† · Tawee Boonyaket · Seni Pramoj · Khuang Abhaiwongse · Pridi Phanomyong · Thawal Thamrong Navaswadhi† · Khuang Abhaiwongse† · Plaek Pibulsonggram† · Pote Sarasin · Thanom Kittikachorn† · Sarit Dhanarajata† · Thanom Kittikachorn† · Sanya Dharmasakti · Seni Pramoj · Kukrit Pramoj · Seni Pramoj · Tanin Kraivixien · Kriangsak Chomanan† · Prem Tinsulanonda† · Chatichai Choonhavan† · Anand Panyarachun · Suchinda Kraprayoon† · Meechai Ruchuphan* · Anand Panyarachun · Chuan Leekpai · Banharn Silpa-Archa · Chavalit Yongchaiyudh · Chuan Leekpai · Thaksin Shinawatra · Surayud Chulanont†
* acting     † head of a military government