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The history of Anarchism in China commenced when it reached the mainland of China by 1907; in fact some scholars claim that 1907 marked the victory of Anarchism over Marxism in China as anarchist communism became the dominant strain of socialist thought. There is significant truth to this statement since Marxism was just as clearly available to those students studying abroad and bringing radical ideas home as Anarchism was; but the overwhelming tendency was clearly to prefer Anarchism to Marxism. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... 1907 (MCMVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Marxism is the philosophy, social theory and political practice based on the works of Karl Marx, a 19th century German, Jewish, socialist philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary. ... Anarchist communism is a form of anarchism that advocates the abolition of the State and capitalism in favor of a horizontal network of voluntary associations through which everyone will be free to satisfy his or her needs. ... Socialism is a social and economic system (or the political philosophy advocating such a system) in which the economic means of production are owned and controlled collectively by the people. ...

One explanation of this preference is the tendency of those students with authoritarian leanings to embrace Nationalism, with Anarchism being the clear alternative for those opposed to coercive authority. It was not until after the Bolshevik Revolution that Marxists, led by Vladimir Lenin in his speeches and essays against imperialism, would embrace Nationalism as a means to achieving communism, and even today many Marxists adamantly oppose nationalism. This accounts, at least in part, for the profound lack of interest in Marxism among Chinese revolutionaries until after the Bolshevik counter-revolution in Russia. The October Revolution, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was the second phase of the Russian Revolution, the first having been instigated by the events around the February Revolution. ... (Russian: Влади́мир Ильи́ч Ле́нин, Vladimir Ilič Lenin; IPA:; born Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov; April 22 [O.S. April 10] 1870 – January 21, 1924), was a Communist revolutionary of Russia, the leader of the Bolshevik party, the first Premier of the Soviet Union, and the main theorist of what has come to be called...

Early converts to Anarchism came from broadly divergent segments of Chinese society and included pacifist Buddhist monks like Tai Xu, and advocates of revolutionary terrorism like Liu Shifu (who had been a member of the China Assassination Corps, and who abandoned terrorism and assassination when he converted to anarchism, a sentiment explained in his "Goals and Methods of the Anarchist-Communist Party".^[1] Pacifist may mean: an advocate of pacifism. ... Buddhism (also known as Buddha Dharma, meaning approximately Law of the Awakening) is a religion, a practical philosophy, and arguably a psychology, focusing on the teachings of the Buddha Śākyamuni (Siddhārtha Gautama), who lived in ancient India most likely from the mid-6th to the early 5th century BCE... Terrorism refers to a strategy of using violence, or threat of violence to generate fear, cause disruption, and ultimately, to bring about compliance with specific political, religious, ideological, and personal demands. ... Terrorism refers to a strategy of using violence, or threat of violence to generate fear, cause disruption, and ultimately, to bring about compliance with specific political, religious, ideological, and personal demands. ... Assassination is the deliberate killing of an important person, usually a political figure or other strategically important individual. ...

Again, the depiction of Anarchism as a ‘movement of movements’, capable of offering something for everyone, is critical to understanding this phenomenon. As with the student groups that were becoming increasingly active in Tokyo and Paris at this time, Anarchists in mainland China by and large agreed to disagree on those issues that they could not come to a consensus on and worked together wherever doing so was mutually beneficial.

From an organizational perspective, the result was a broadly dispersed collection of revolutionary nodes of activity, without any central coordination or authority. In the short-term this organizational structure was an asset to the movement because it made it incredibly hard for the authorities to repress.

The long-term implications, however, were not so positive.