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Encyclopedia > Anchor (relay)
The final leg runner for UW Wisconsin brings home the win to the Badgers.
The final leg runner for UW Wisconsin brings home the win to the Badgers.

During a relay race, members of a team take turns swimming or running (usually with a baton) parts of a circuit or performing a certain action. Relay races take the form of professional races and amateur games. In the Olympic games, there are many types of relay races that are part of track and field. This article concentrates on human swimming. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The five Olympic rings were designed in 1913, adopted in 1914 and debuted at the Games at Antwerp, 1920. ... Athletics, also known as track and field or track and field athletics, is a collection of sport events. ...


Based on the speed of the runners, the generally accepted strategy used in setting up a 4 person relay team is: second fastest, third fastest, slowest, then fastest (anchor). Each segment of the relay (the distance run by one person) is referred to as a leg. A strategy is a long term plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal, most often winning. Strategy is differentiated from tactics or immediate actions with resources at hand. ...


(A swimming relay order follows a slightly different strategy. Usually, the slowest swimmer races in the second slot, creating an order as follows: second fastest, slowest, third fastest, and then fastest.)


Each runner must hand off the baton to the next runner within a certain zone, usually marked by triangles on the track. In sprint relays, runners typically use a "blind handoff", where the second runner stands on a spot predetermined in practice and starts running when the first runner hits a visual mark on the track (usually a smaller triangle). The second runner opens his/her hand behind her after a few strides, by which time the first runner should be caught up and able to hand off the baton. Usually a runner will give an auditory signal, such as "Stick!" repeated several times, for the recipient of the baton to put out his hand. In middle-distance relays or longer, runners begin by jogging while looking back at the incoming runner and holding out a hand for the baton. Sprints are races in athletics. ...

Two runners prepare to exchange the baton.
Two runners prepare to exchange the baton.

In athletics, the two standard relays are the 4x100 meter relay and the 4x400 meter relay. Traditionally, the 4x400 meter relay finals are the last event of a track meet, and is often met with a very enthusiastic crowd, especially if the last leg is a close race. It should be noted that it is hard to measure exact splits in a 4x400 (or a 4x100) relay. For example, if a team ran a 3:00 4x400, it does not mean every runner on the team has to run a 45 second open 400, because a person starts accelerating before he/she has the baton, therefore allowing for slightly slower overall open 400 times. A 4x400 relay generally starts in lanes for the first leg, including the handoff. The second leg then proceeds to run in lanes for the first 100 meters, after which point the runners are allowed to break into the first lane on the backstretch, as long as they do not interfere with other runners. A race organizer then puts the third leg runners into a line depending on the order in which they are running (with the first place closest to the inside). A womens 400m hurdles race on a typical outdoor red rubber track. ... 400 m is a common track running event. ...


4x200, 4x800, and 4x1600 relays exist as well, but they are more rare, especially at the high school level, where schools generally have only one or two competitive strong runners in such events.


A team may be disqualified from a relay for:

  • Losing the baton
  • Making an improper baton exchange
  • Making two false starts (or in some cases only one)
  • Improperly overtaking another competitor
  • Preventing another competitor from passing
  • Willfully impeding, improperly crossing the course, or in any other way interfering with another competitor

The worlds largest series of relays races (in terms of number of races) is the Ragnar Relay Series. There are Ragnar Relays in Utah, Arizona, Minnesota, and Washington State. The world's longest relay race is Japan's Prince Takamatsu Cup Nishinippon Round-Kyūshū Ekiden, which begins in Nagasaki and continues for 1064 km. The world's largest relay race (in terms of total participation) is Hood to Coast, whose 197 mile (317 km) course runs from Mount Hood to the Oregon Coast. This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Prince Takamatsu Cup Nishinippon Round-Kyushu Ekiden (九州一周駅伝 KyÅ«shÅ« isshÅ« ekiden) has been an annual race in Japan since 1951. ... Megane-bashi (Spectacles Bridge) Nagasaki   listen? (長崎市; -shi, literally long peninsula) is the capital and the largest city of Nagasaki Prefecture located at the south-western coast of Kyushu, Japan. ... The Nike Hood to Coast Relay is a unique long-distance relay race held in the U.S. state of Oregon, annually, traditionally on the Friday and Saturday of the last full weekend in August. ... For the community named Mount Hood, see Mount Hood, Oregon. ... Oregon coast at Brookings, Oregon. ...


The world's largest relay race is the Dutch Batavierenrace[1], a relay race from the Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen to the Universiteit Twente, attracting over 7,500 participants (officially, only students may participate) each year. Art on the campus University Twente is a university located in Enschede, Netherlands. ...


Medley relay

Medley relay events are also occasionally held in track meets, usually consisting of teams of four runners running progressively longer distances. The Distance Medley Relay consists of four legs run at distances of 1200, 400, 800, and 1600 meters. The Sprint Medley Relay usually consists of four legs run at distances of 200, 200, 400, and 800 meters, though a more uncommon variant of 200, 100, 100 and 400 meters also exists.

Athletics events

Sprints: 60 m | 100 m | 200 m | 400 m Sprints are short running races in athletics. ... 60 metres is a sprint event in athletics. ... For other uses of 100 metres, see 1 E2 m. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... 400 m is a common track running event. ...


Hurdles: 60 m hurdles | 100 m hurdles | 110 m hurdles | 400 m hurdles Hurdling is running over obstacles. ... A hurdling World Champion, Perdita Felicien, Canada. ... A hurdling World Champion, Perdita Felicien, Canada. ... The 110m Hurdles are an Olympic track and field athletics discipline run by men. ... Womens 400m Hurdles The 400m Hurdles are an Olympic track and field (athletics) discipline. ...


Middle distance: 800 m | 1500 m | 3000 m | steeplechase Middle distance track events are track races longer than sprints up to (and arguably including) 5000 meters. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The 1,500 metres is a premier middle distance track event. ... A track event where you run 7 and 1/2 times around a 400m track. ... The steeplechase is an obstacle race in athletics (track and field), which derives its name from the steeplechase in horse racing. ...


Long distance: 5,000 m | 10,000 m | half marathon | marathon | ultramarathon | multiday races | Cross country running Long-distance track event races require runners to balance their energy. ... 5000 meters, a popular running distance also known as a 5 km, colloquially five-K (equal to 3. ... ... In athletics, a half marathon is a race over half the distance of a marathon, i. ... Modern day marathon runners The word marathon refers to a long-distance road running event of 42. ... An ultramarathon is any running event longer than the traditional marathon length of 42. ... Multiday races are ultramarathon running events which are typically either segmented into daily events of a specified distance or time, or staged so that runners can run as far as they want, at their own discretion, over a set course or over a set number of days. ... The Minnesota State High school Cross Country Meet A cross country race in Seaside, Oregon. ...


Relays: 4 × 100 m | 4 × 400 m;       Racewalking The 4 × 100 metres relay or sprint relay is an athletics track event run in lanes over one lap of the track with four runners completing 100 meters each. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Mens 20 km walk during the 2005 World Championships in Athletics in Helsinki, Finland. ...


Throws: Discus | Hammer | Javelin | Shot put Statue of discus thrower in Botanic Garden, Copenhagen, Denmark The Discus throw is an athletic throwing event in track and field competition. ... The modern or Olympic hammer throw is an athletic throwing event where the object to be thrown is a heavy steel ball attached with wire (maximum 4 ft (1. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Shot put The shot put is an athletics (track and field) event involving putting (throwing in a pushing motion) a heavy metal ball (called the shot) as far as possible. ...


Jumps: High jump | Long jump | Pole vault | Triple jump Gold medal winner Ethel Catherwood of Canada scissors over the bar at the 1928 Summer Olympics. ... Long jumper at the GE Money Grand Prix in Helsinki, July 2005. ... Pole vaulting is an athletic event where a person uses a long, flexible pole (usually made either of fiberglass or carbon fiber) as an aid to leap over a bar. ... The triple jump is an athletics (track and field) event, previously also known as hop, step and jump, whose various names describe the actions a competitor takes. ...


Combination: Pentathlon | Heptathlon | Decathlon The womens pentathlon was contested in the Olympics from 1964 until 1980, and it was replaced in the 1984 games with the heptathlon. ... A heptathlon is a sportive contest made up of seven events (from the Greek hepta (seven) and athlon (contest)). More specifically, the term heptathlon refers to an athletic (track and field) event consisting of seven events. ... // The Decathlon Day 1: 100 m long jump shot put High Jump 400 m Day 2: 110m hurdles discus throw pole vault javelin throw 1500 m Decathlon sprouted from the ancient game pentathlon. ...


Highly uncommon: Standing high jump | Standing long jump | Standing triple jump The Standing high jump is an athletic event that was featured in the Olympics from 1900 to 1912. ... The standing long jump is an athletic event that was featured in the Olympics from 1900 to 1912. ... The standing triple jump is an athletic sport. ...


 

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